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Hemidactylus alfarraji ŠMÍD, SHOBRAK, WILMS, JOGER & CARRANZA, 2016

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Higher TaxaGekkonidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymHemidactylus alfarraji ŠMÍD, SHOBRAK, WILMS, JOGER & CARRANZA 2016
Hemidactylus yerburii — ARNOLD 1980
Hemidactylus yerburii — ARNOLD 1986
Hemidactylus yerburii — CARRANZA & ARNOLD 2006
Hemidactylus yerburii — MORAVEC et al. 2011
Hemidactylus yerburii — CARRANZA & ARNOLD 2012 
DistributionSaudi Arabia (Najran Province)

Type locality: Saudi Arabia, Najran Province, 32 km W of Najran (17.529° N, 43.827° E), 1969 m elevation  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: NMP P6V 75269 (sample code HSA35, Fig. 5), adult male, May 24, 2012, collect- ed by S. Carranza, M. Shobrak, and T. Wilms, MorphoBank M390464–M390480.
Paratypes. NMP P6V 75270 (sample code HSA36, MorphoBank M390450–M390463), IBES 10303 (HSA43, MorphoBank M390355–M390366), adult females; IBES 10266 (HSA37, MorphoBank M390434–M390449), IBES 10295 (HSA41, MorphoBank M390379–M390392), adult males; all paratypes have the same collection data as the holotype. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A species of the Arabian radiation of the Arid clade of Hemidactylus characterized by (1) medium size with a maximum recorded SVL 57.8 mm (48.7–57.8 in males, 45.4–52.6 in females); (2) long, wide, and robust head clearly distinct from the neck, particularly in males (HL = 24–29 % of SVL; HW=10.3±0.4mmst.dev.inmales,9.1±0.9mmin females); (3) uppermost nasals always separated by a small median scale; (4) large anterior postmentals in wide mutual contact and in contact with the first and second infralabial; (5) 7–9 infralabials and 8–11 supralabials; (6) dorsum with 14–16 longitudinal rows of enlarged, strongly keeled, conical tubercles; (7) males with invariably 4 preanal pores; (8) 7–8 lamellae under the first toe and 10–12 lamellae under the fourth toe; (9) enlarged tile-like subcaudals; and (10) brownish-beige coloration with distinct dark bands starting behind nostrils and crossing the eyes to the ear openings, dorsum with slightly visible X-shaped dark markings (most distinct in juveniles) formed by dark tubercles, and intact tail with 10–11 intensely dark bands on a beige background, becoming paler towards the tail tip so the dark bands are most contrasting at the end of the tail.


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CommentDistribution: see map in ŠMÍD et al. 2016: Fig. 3. 
EtymologyThe species epithet “alfarraji” is a genitive Latin noun to honor Dr. Saud Al Farraj for his life-long dedication and contribution to the herpetology of Saudi Arabia, raising public awareness of biodiversity protection and contribution to education at all school levels. 
References
  • Arnold E N 1986. A key and annotated checklist to the lizards and amphisbaenians of Arabia. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 8: 385-435
  • Arnold, E. N. 1980. The reptiles and amphibians of Dhofar, southern Arabia. Journal of Oman Studies, Special Report, 2: 273–332
  • Carranza, S. and E.N. Arnold 2006. Systematics, biogeography, and evolution of Hemidactylus geckos (Reptilia: Gekkonidae) elucidated using mitochondrial DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 38 (2): 531-545 - get paper here
  • Carranza, S., Arnold, E. Nicholas 2012. A review of the geckos of the genus Hemidactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Oman based on morphology, mitochondrial and nuclear data, with descriptions of eight new species. Zootaxa 3378: 1–95 - get paper here
  • MORAVEC, JIŘÍ; LUKÁŠ KRATOCHVÍL, ZUAIR S. AMR, DAVID JANDZIK, JIŘÍ ŠMÍD, & VÁCLAV GVOŽDÍK 2011. High genetic differentiation within the Hemidactylus turcicus complex (Reptilia: Gekkonidae) in the Levant, with comments on the phylogeny and systematics of the genus. Zootaxa 2894: 21–38
  • Šmíd, Jiří; Marek Uvizl, Mohammed Shobrak, Salem Busais, Al Faqih Ali Salim, Raed Hamoud M. AlGethami, Abdulaziz Raqi AlGethami, Abdulkarim Saleh K. Alanazi, Saad Dasman Alsubaie, Michail Rovatsos, Lucie Nováková, Tomáš Mazuch & Salvador Carranza 2022. Diversification of Hemidactylus geckos (Squamata: Gekkonidae) in coastal plains and islands of southwestern Arabia with descriptions and complete mitochondrial genomes of two endemic species to Saudi Arabia. Organisms Diversity & Evolution, 1-23 - get paper here
  • Šmíd, Jiří; Mohammed Shobrak; Thomas Wilms; Ulrich Joger & Salvador Carranza 2016. Endemic diversification in the mountains: genetic, morphological, and geographical differentiation of the Hemidactylus geckos in southwestern Arabia. Org Divers Evol, DOI 10.1007/s13127-016-0293-3 - get paper here
 
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