You are here » home search results Hierophis gemonensis

Hierophis gemonensis (LAURENTI, 1768)

IUCN Red List - Hierophis gemonensis - Least Concern, LC

Can you confirm these amateur observations of Hierophis gemonensis?

Add your own observation of
Hierophis gemonensis »

Find more photos by Google images search: Google images

Higher TaxaColubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Balkan Racer, Balkan Whip Snake
G: Balkan-Zornnatter
Croatian: šara poljarica 
SynonymNatrix gemonensis LAURENTI 1768: 76
Coluber laurenti BEDRIAGA 1882
Zamenis gemonensis — BOULENGER 1893: 395
Zamenis gemonensis — WALL 1908: 800
Zamenis gemonensis — BOULENGER 1913
Coluber gemonensis — KAHL et al. 1980: 233
Coluber gemonensis —SCHÄTTI & WILSON 1986
Hierophis gemonensis — SCHÄTTI 1988
Coluber gemonensis — HENLE 1993
Hierophis laurenti — ENGELMANN et al. 1993
Coluber gemonensis — SEHNAL & SCHUSTER 1999
Haemorrhois gemonensis — WELCH
Hierophis gemonensis — NAGY et al. 2004
Hierophis gemonensis — NAGY 2010 (pers. comm.)
Hierophis gemonensis — WALLACH et al. 2014: 326 
Distributioncoastal Croatia (including some Adriatic islands, Krk, etc), Slovenia, Hercegovina, Montenegro, Serbia, Albania,
Greece (Crete, Corfu = Corfou)

Type locality: see comment  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesNeotype, MHNG 1357.70, a 916 mm male, designated by Schätti et al., 1991: 51 and ICZN Opinion 1686. 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (182 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentNot listed by ENGELMANN et al. (1993), who list only Coluber laurenti (which is not explicitely mentioned in the Zoological Record of 1882).

Subspecies: 2 subspecies fide SCHÄTTI & WILSON 1986. Maybe confused with Natrix natrix.

Distribution: CORKILL & COCHRANE 1966 list this species from the Arabian peninsula, probably in error. For a map see Sindaco et al. 2013. Reported from NE Italy, but only in a very limited area near Trieste / Friuli district [E. RAZZETTI, pers. comm.]). However, not listed in Sindaco & Razzetti 2021.

Type locality: Gemona, Italy (where the species is absent)

Nomenclature: The name gemonensis is a nomen conservandum. Schätti & Lanza (1987) demonstrate that Natrix gemonensis is an older synonym of Coluber viridiflavus, because the type locality is only inhabited by this latter species. The correct name should have been Coluber laurenti (Bedriaga, 1882). 
References
  • Bauer, Luc 2005. Eb week op de Peloponnesus. Lacerta 63 (3): 92-107 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G. A. 1913. The snakes of Europe. Methusen & Co. Ltd, London, 151 pp.
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1893. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. London (Taylor & Francis), 448 pp. - get paper here
  • Broggi, Mario F. 1994. Feldherpetologische Beobachtungen und Bemerkungen zu schützenswerten Biotopen auf griechischen Inseln (Amphibia; Reptilia; Griechenland). Herpetozoa 7 (1/2): 29-34 - get paper here
  • Colli, Cesare 2007. A case of cannibalism in captivity on balkan whip snake Hierophis gemonensis. Litteratura Serpentium 27 (3): 102-104 - get paper here
  • Corkill, N. L. and Cochrane, J. A. 1966. The snakes of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra. J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 62 (3): 475-506 (1965) - get paper here
  • DI NICOLA, MATTEO RICCARDO 2019. A revised dichotomous key to the snakes of Italy (Reptilia, Squamata, Serpentes), according to recent systematic updates. Zootaxa 4686 (2): 294–296 - get paper here
  • Dieckmann, Martin & Karin Dieckmann 2010. Die mythischen Inseln: Cres und Lošinj. Draco 11 (42): 40-53
  • Enzeroth, A. 1982. Herptologische Beobachtungen auf der Insel Krk. Sauria 4 (1): 5-8 - get paper here
  • Geniez, Philippe 2018. Snakes of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East. Princeton University Press, 384 pp. - get paper here
  • Gruber, U. 2009. Die Schlangen Europas, 2. Aufl. Kosmos Naturführer, 266 pp.
  • GVOZDENOVIĆ, S., & IKOVIĆ, V. 2022. CHECKLIST OF AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES OF MONTENEGRO AND THEIR CONSERVATION STATUS. Natura Montenegrina, Podgorica, 2022, 14 (2): 93-105 - get paper here
  • Henle,K. 1993. Coluber gemonensis - Balkanzornnatter. In: Böhme,W. (ed.), Handbuch der Reptilien und Amphibien Europas, Band 3/I., Schlangen (Serpentes) I. Aula-Verlag Wiesbaden, pp. 97-110
  • ICZN 1992. OPINION 1686: Natrix gemonensis LAURENTI, 1768 (currently Coluber gemonensis), Coluber viridiflavus LACÉPÈDE, 1789 and Coluber helveticus LACÉPÈDE, 1789 (currently Natrix natrix helvetica) (Reptilia, Serpentes): specific names conserved. Bull. Zool. Nomenclature 49:174-175. - get paper here
  • Jooris, Robert 1996. Coluber gemonensis (Laurenti, 1768) the only correct scientific name of the Balkan whipsnake. Litteratura Serpentium 16 (2): 30-31
  • Kahl B, Gaupp P & Schmidt G 1980. Das Terrarium. Falken Verlag, Niederhausen (Germany), 336 pp.
  • Kolodziej, Kai & Philip Prokosch 2018. Nord-Kroatien – eine herpetologische Fotosafari. Terraria-Elaphe 2018 (4): 40-49 - get paper here
  • Kwet, A. 2010. Reptilien und Amphibien Europas. Kosmos-Verlag, Stuttgart, 252 pp.
  • Kwet, Axel & Benny Trapp 2014. Liste der Reptilien Europas. Draco 15 (60): 72-79 - get paper here
  • Kyriazi, P., Kornilios, P., Nagy, Z. T., Poulakakis, N., Kumlutaş, Y., Ilgaz, Ç., Avcı, A., Göçmen, B., Lymberakis, P. 2013. Comparative phylogeography reveals distinct colonization patterns of Cretan snakes. Journal of Biogeography, 40: 1143–1155. doi: 10.1111/jbi.12057 - get paper here
  • Laurenti, J. N. 1768. Specimen medicum, exhibens synopsin reptilium emendatam cum experimentis circa venena et antidota reptilium austracorum, quod authoritate et consensu. Vienna, Joan. Thomae, 217 pp. - get paper here
  • Machts, Tobias 2010. Die Amphibien und Reptilien der Peloponnes-Halbinsel. Draco 11 (42): 65-72
  • Mertens,R. 1968. Eine schwarze Zornnatter von den Cycladen: Coluber gemonensis gyarosensis n. subsp.. Senckenbergiana biologica 46 (1): 5-9
  • Meyer, A. 1985. Die Reptilienfauna des südlichen Peleponnes. Sauria 7 (1): 13-16 - get paper here
  • Mezzasalma M; Di Febbraro M; Guarino F; Odierna G; Russo D 2018. Cold-blooded in the Ice Age: “refugia within refugia”, inter-and intraspecific biogeographic diversification of European whipsnakes (Squamata, Colubridae, Hierophis). Zoology 127: 84-94 - get paper here
  • Mezzasalma, Marcello; Andrea Dall'Asta, Anna Loy, Marc Cheylan, Petros Lymberakis, Marco A. L. Zuffi, Ljiljana Tomović, Gaetano Odierna and Fabio M. Guarino 2015. A sisters’ story: comparative phylogeography and taxonomy of Hierophis viridiflavus and H. gemonensis (Serpentes, Colubridae). Zoologica Scripta 44: 495–508; DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12115 - get paper here
  • Nagy, Z.T.; R. Lawson, U. Joger, M. Wink 2004. Molecular systematics of racers, whipsnakes and relatives (Reptilia: Colubridae) using mitochondrial and nuclear markers. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 42 (3): 223-233 - get paper here
  • Pafilis, P., Triantis, K. A., Anastasiou, I., Proios, K. and Valakos, E. D. 2020. A gecko archipelago: a herpetological survey on Lichadonissia, a small islet group in Greece. Herpetology Notes 13: 25-28. - get paper here
  • Pawlowski, S. & Krämer, C. 2009. Bemerkungen zur Herpetologie des nordwestlichen Kroatiens. Sauria 31 (4): 19-30 - get paper here
  • Plessas, A. 2002. Herp hound experience in Greece. Reptilia (GB) (21): 8-10 - get paper here
  • Rakovac, Rozelindra Coz; Duje Lisicic, Tomislav Smuc, Natalija Topic Popovic, Ivancica Strunjak-Perovic, Margita Jadan, Zoran Tadic, and Jurica Jug Dujakovic 2011. Classification Modeling of Physiological Stages in Captive Balkan Whip Snakes Using Blood Biochemistry Parameters. Journal of Herpetology 45 (4): 525-529. - get paper here
  • Sämann, Jürgen; Martin Dieckmann & Karin Dieckmann 2023. Krk – Island of the giants. Sauria 45 (3): 1-12
  • Schätti B; Wilson L D 1986. Coluber Linnaeus. Holarctic racers. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles ( 399: 1-4 - get paper here
  • Schätti, B. 1988. Systematik und Evolution der Schlangengattung Hierophis Fitzinger, 1843. PhD Diss. Univ. Zürich 1988
  • Schatti, B.; Stimson, A.F.; Henle, K. 1991. Natrix gemonensis Laurenti, 1768 (currently Coluber gemonesis), Coluber viridiflavus Lacepede, 1789 and Coluber helveticus Lacepede, 1789 (currently Natrix natrix helvetica). Bull. Zool. Nomenclature 48 (1): 50 - get paper here
  • Schlüter, U. 2009. Die Schlangenfauna Europas. Draco 10 (39): 4-21 - get paper here
  • Schmid, A. 2019. Ein Hörnchen zum Frühstück: Reptiliensuche auf Lefkada. Reptilia (Münster) 24 (136): 72-79
  • Schmidt B, Kranželić D, Majetić Đ, Lauš B, Štih A, Koren T 2020. Distribution and conservation status of the herpetofauna of Dugi Otok Island, Croatia. Herpetozoa 33: 191-205 - get paper here
  • Schweiger, M. 2012. Die Schlangenfauna der kroatischen Insel Krk. Ophidia 6 (2): 2-18 - get paper here
  • Sehnal, P. & Schuster, A. 1999. Herpetologische Beobachtungen auf der Kvarnerinsel Cres, Kroatien. Ergebnisse von fünf Exkursionen. Herpetozoa 12 (3-4): 163-178 - get paper here
  • Sindaco, R.; Alberto Venchi & Cristina Grieco 2013. The Reptiles of the Western Palearctic, Volume 2: Annotated Checklist and Distributional Atlas of the Snakes of Europe, North Africa, Middle East and Central Asia, with an Update to Volume 1. Edizioni Belvedere, Latina (Italy), 543 pp. - get paper here
  • SINDACO, ROBERTO & EDOARDO RAZZETTI. 2021. An updated check-list of Italian amphibians and reptiles. Natural History Sciences 8(2): 35–46. - get paper here
  • Sowig,P. 1985. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Verbreitung und Ökologie der Amphibien und Reptilien Kretas. Salamandra 21 (4): 252-262 - get paper here
  • Steward, J. W. 1971. The Snakes of Europe. David and Charles, 238 pp.
  • Tóth, Tamás, László Krecsák, Thomas Madsen and Beáta Újvári 2002. Herpetofaunal locality records on the Greek Islands of Corfu (Amphibia, Reptilia). Herpetozoa 15 (3/4):149-169 - get paper here
  • Toth, Tamas; Miklós Heltai, Andrea Keszi, Goran Susic, Levente Moharos, Balazs Farkas, Csaba Geczy, Orsolya Torda, Janos Gal 2017. Herpetofauna inventory of the small islands of the Cres-Losinj Archipelago (North Adriatic Sea, Croatia) (Amphibia; Reptilia). Herpetozoa 30 (1/2): 21 - 28 - get paper here
  • TÓTH, Tamás; Daniella BOKSAI, Csaba GÉCZY, Ármin MIHÁLYI, Rita TAKÁCS, Goran SUŠIĆ, Júlia VINCZEK, János GÁL, Miklós MAROSÁN, Balázs FARKAS, Alexandra BOKIS and Miklós HELTAI 2017. Road-killed snakes on the island of Cres (Croatia). BIHAREAN BIOLOGIST 11 (2): 88-93 - get paper here
  • Trapp, B. 2007. Reptilien und Amphibien des griechischen Festlandes. Natur und Tier Verlag (Münster), 300 pp. - get paper here
  • Trapp, Benny 2016. Die Herpetofauna der griechischen Inseln. Terraria-Elaphe 2016 (4): 14-25 - get paper here
  • Trapp, Benny 2017. Andere Zeiten, andere Sitten: europäische Schlangen im Terrarium. Terraria-Elaphe 2017 (6): 14-23 - get paper here
  • Trutnau, L. 1975. Europäische Amphibien und Reptilien. Belser Verlag, Stuttgart 212 pp.
  • Veith, G. 1909. Beobachtungen über die Wirkungen des Schlangengiftes auf ungifrige Schlangen. Annalen des K.K. Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums Wien 23: 339-341 - get paper here
  • Veith, G. 1991. Die Reptilien Bosniens und der Herzegowina. Teil 2. Herpetozoa 4 (1-2): 1-96 - get paper here
  • Venchi, Alberto and Roberto Sindaco 2006. Annotated checklist of the reptiles of the Mediterranean countries, with keys to species identification. Part 2 -Snakes (Reptilia, Serpentes). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale "G. Doria", Genova, XCVIII: 259-364
  • Wall,F. 1908. Notes on a collection of snakes from Persia. J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 18: 795-805 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Werner,F. 1938. Die Amphibien und Reptilien Griechenlands. Zoologica 35 (1): 1-117
  • Wilson, Matt J., Bo Stille and Marie Stille. 2014. Herpetofauna of Paxos, Ionian Islands, Greece, including two species new to the island. Herpetozoa 27 (1/2): 108-112 - get paper here
  • Wirth, M. 2011. Der Scheltopusik in Kroatien. Reptilia (Münster) 16 (88): 39 - get paper here
  • Wirth, Michael 2010. Der Mittelmeerraum – Landschaften und Herpetofauna in Südeuropa. Draco 11 (42): 4-23
  • Wütschert, R. 1984. Neues uber die Reptilienfauna der Insel Korfu. Salamandra 20 (4): 221-228 - get paper here
  • Zauner, Jochen 2023. Herpetologische Beobachtungen auf dem Peloponnes (Griechenland). Sauria 45 (4): 1-17
 
External links  
Is it interesting? Share with others:

As link to this species use URL address:

https://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Hierophis&species=gemonensis

without field 'search_param'. Field 'search_param' is used for browsing search result.



Please submit feedback about this entry to the curator