Hydrophis macdowelli KHARIN, 1983

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Higher Taxa	Elapidae (Hydrophiinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies
Common Names	E: Small-headed or McDowell’s seasnake
Synonym	Hydrophis macdowelli KHARIN 1983 Aturia macdowelli — WELCH 1994: 25 Hydrophis macdowelli — O’SHEA 1996 Hydrophis mcdowelli — COGGER 2000: 717 Hydrophis (Hydrophis) mcdowelli — KHARIN 2004 Hydrophis macdowelli — WALLACH et al. 2014: 341
Distribution	Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia), New Caledonia/Loyalty Islands, Papua New Guinea Type locality: Northern Australian shelf
Reproduction	ovovivparous
Types	Holotype: ZISP (ZIL) 19678
Diagnosis	Additional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (39 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details.
Comment	Venomous! Not listed by BAUER & VINDUM 1990 for New Caledonia/Loyalty Islands. Habitat: marine.
Etymology	Named after Samuel Booker McDowell (1928-2014), American herpetologist and anatomist, who worked on sea snakes. (G. Shea, pers. comm., 9 Feb 2024)
References	Bauer, A. M. & SADLIER, R. A. 2000. The herpetofauna of New Caledonia. Contributions to Herpetology, 17; Society for Study Amphibians and Reptiles, Ithaca, New York. Bauer, Aaron M.;Vindum, Jens V. 1990. A checklist and key to the herpetofauna of New Caledonia, with remarks on biogeography. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 47 (2): 17-45 - get paper here Cogger, H. G. 2014. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, 7th ed. CSIRO Publishing, xxx + 1033 pp. - get paper here Cogger, H.G. 2000. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, 6th ed. Ralph Curtis Publishing, Sanibel Island, 808 pp. Ineich I.; Rasmussen A R. 1997. Sea snakes from New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands (Elapidae, Laticaudinae and Hydrophiinae). Zoosystema 19 (2-3): 185-192. Kharin V E 1983. A new species of the genus Hydrophis sensu lato (Serpentes, Hydrophiidae) from the North Australian Shelf [in Russian]. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 62 (11): 1751-1753 Kharin, V.E. 2004. Review of Sea Snakes of the genus Hydrophis sensu stricto (Serpentes: Hydrophiidae). Russian Journal of Marine Biology 30 (6): 387-394 - get paper here Kharin, V.E. 2004. A review of sea snakes of the genus Hydrophis sensu stricto (Serpentes, Hydrophiidae). [in Russian]. Biologiya Morya (Vladivostok) 30 (6): 447-454 - get paper here O’Shea,M. 1996. A Guide to the Snakes of Papua New Guinea. Independent Publishing, Port Moresby, xii + 239 pp. - get paper here Rasmussen, A. R. & I. INEICH 2000. Sea snakes of New Caledonia and surrounding waters (Serpentes: Elapidae): first report on the occurence of Lapemis curtus and description of new species from the genus Hydrophis. Hamadryad 25 (2): 91-99 - get paper here RASMUSSEN, ARNE REDSTED; KATE LAURA SANDERS, MICHAEL L. GUINEA & ANDREW P. AMEY 2014. Sea snakes in Australian waters (Serpentes: subfamilies Hydrophiinae and Laticaudinae)—a review with an updated identification key. Zootaxa 3869 (4): 351–371 - get paper here Shine, Richard; Claire Goiran, Catherine Shilton, Shai Meiri, Gregory P Brown 2019. The life aquatic: an association between habitat type and skin thickness in snakes. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, blz136 - get paper here Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp. Wilson, S. & Swan, G. 2010. A complete guide to reptiles of Australia, 3rd ed. Chatswood: New Holland, 558 pp.
External links	IUCN Red List National Center for Biotechnology Information http://www.amonline.net.au/herpetology/research/pdf/hydrophiidae.pdf http://www.arod.com.au/arod/reptilia/Squamata/Hydrophiidae/Hydrophis… Google images

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