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Hydrops martii (WAGLER, 1824)

IUCN Red List - Hydrops martii - Least Concern, LC

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Amazon Water Snake
Portuguese: Cobra-D’água, Coral-D’água 
SynonymElaps Martii WAGLER 1824
Elaps Martii — SPIX 1824: 2
Hydrops Martii — WAGLER 1830: 170
Homalopsis Martii — SCHLEGEL 1837: 356
Hydrops martii — DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 484
Hydrops callostictus GÜNTHER 1868: 421
Calopisma martii — JAN & SORDELLI 1868
Hydrops triangularis martii — AMARAL 1930
Hydrops martii — MERTENS 1956
Hydrops martii — DOWLING 2002
Hydrops martii — RIVAS et al. 2012
Hydrops martii — WALLACH et al. 2014: 342
Hydrops martii — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019 
DistributionE Peru, Colombia, Brazil (Pará, Amapá etc.), Ecuador, Venezuela (S Amazonas)

Type locality: Provincia Maranhao, Rio Itapicuru, Brazil  
Reproductionoviparous (Braz et al. 2016) 
TypesHolotype: ZSM 1844/0, male 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (tribus): Morphologically, the Hydropsini share the character of significant enlargement of the m. adductor mandibulae externus superficialis at its origin (Zaher 1999).


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CommentSynonymy: partly after ALBUQUERQUE & LEMA 2008. Albuquerque (2000) synonymized the subspecies of H. martii.

Type species: Elaps Martii WAGLER 1824 is the type species of the genus Hydrops WAGLER 1830; Hydrops is the type genus of the tribus Hydropsini Zaher et al. 2009, composed of Helicops, Hydrops, and Pseudoeryx. 
EtymologyNamed after Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius (1794-1868), Germn botanist and explorer.

The genus was named after Greek hydros (ὕδρος), a water-snake + Greek ops (οψ), face, eye. ["...Ὑδρος, serpens aquaticus, et οψ facies…"]. 
References
  • Albuquerque, N.R. de 2000. The status of Hydrops martii (Wagler 1824) (Serpentes: Colubridae). Bel. Mus. Paraense Emilio Goeldi, ser. Zool. 16: 153-162
  • Albuquerque, N.R. de & De Lema, T. 2008. Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical water snake Hydrops triangularis (Serpentes, Colubridae). Zootaxa 1685: 55–66 - get paper here
  • Almendariz, A. 1991. Anfibios y Reptiles [del Ecuador]. Rev. Politecnica. XVI (3): 89-162.
  • Amaral,A. do 1930. Estudos sobre ophidios neotropicos XVIII. Lista remissiva dos ophidios da região neotropica. Mem. Inst. Butantan 4: 126-271 [1929] - get paper here
  • Amaral,A. do 1930. Contribucao ao conhecimento dos ophidios do Brasil IV. Lista Remissiva dos ophidios do Brasil. Mem. Inst. Butantan 4: 69-125 - get paper here
  • BERNARDE, P.S., ALBUQUERQUE, S., BARROS, T.O. & TURCI, L.C.B. 2012. Serpentes do Estado de Rondônia, Brasil. Biota Neotropica 12 (3): 1-29 - get paper here
  • Braz, Henrique B.; Rodrigo R. Scartozzoni, Selma M. Almeida-Santos 2016. Reproductive modes of the South American water snakes: A study system for the evolution of viviparity in squamate reptiles. Zoologischer Anzeiger 263: 33-44; doi:10.1016/j.jcz.2016.04.003 - get paper here
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  • Entiauspe-Neto OM, Abegg AD, Pinheiro RT, Borges LM, Loebmann D 2017. Hydrops martii (Wagler, 1824) (Serpentes, Dipsadidae): first record in Amapá state, northern Brazil. Check List 13 (5): 659-661 - get paper here
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