Hypsiglena catalinae TANNER, 1966

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Higher Taxa	Colubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies
Common Names	E: Isla Santa Catalina Nightsnake S: Nocturna Usla Santa Catalina
Synonym	Hypsiglena torquata catalinae TANNER 1966 Hypsiglena chlorophaea catalinae — MULCAHY 2008 Hypsiglena catalinae — MULCAHY et al. 2014 Hypsiglena catalinae — HEIMES 2016: 255
Distribution	Mexico (Isla Santa Catalina, Gulf of California) Type locality: "Santa Catalina Island, approximately 25° 38' N, 110° 47' W, Gulf of California, Baja California, Mexico".
Reproduction
Types	Holotype: SDNHM = SDSNH 44680; paratypes SDNHM = SDSNH, BYU
Diagnosis	Unfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data to their customers. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions or comparisons (about 1615 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details.
Comment	TANNER (1966) separated H. t. catalinae from H. torquata of the adjacent peninsula on the basis of the former having a single series of large dorsal spots, two rows of lateral spots, and a high number of ventral plus scutes (233-295). Synonymy: However, since the aforementioned characters do not discretely diagnose catalinae GRISMER (1999) suggested to synonymize catalinae with H. torquata. MULCAHY (2008) considered catalinae as a valid subspecies (of Hypsiglena chlorophaea) and elevated it to full species status in 2014. WALLACH et al. 2014: 344 lists this (sub-) species as synonym of H. chlorophaea. Distribution: see map of subspecies in Mulcahy et al. 2014.
Etymology	Named after the type locality.
References	Heimes, P. 2016. Snakes of Mexico. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 572 pp Mulcahy DG, Martínez-Gómez JE, Aguirre-León G, Cervantes-Pasqualli JA, Zug GR 2014. Rediscovery of an Endemic Vertebrate from the Remote Islas Revillagigedo in the Eastern Pacific Ocean: The Clarión Nightsnake Lost and Found. PLoS One 9 (5): e97682. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0097682 - get paper here Mulcahy, Daniel G. 2008. Phylogeography and species boundaries of the western North American Nightsnake (Hypsiglena torquata): Revisiting the subspecies concept. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 46 (3): 1095-1115 - get paper here Peralta-García A, Valdez-Villavicencio JH, Fucsko LA, Hollingsworth BD, Johnson JD, Mata-Silva V, Rocha A, DeSantis DL, Porras LW, and Wilson LD. 2023. The herpetofauna of the Baja California Peninsula and its adjacent islands, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 17(1&2): 57–142 Tanner, Wilmer W. 1966. The night snakes of Baja California. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 14 (15): 189-196 - get paper here
External links	National Center for Biotechnology Information Google images

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