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Hypsiglena slevini TANNER, 1943

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Baja California Night Snake 
SynonymHypsiglena slevini TANNER 1943
Eridiphas slevini — LEVITON & TANNER 1960
Eridiphas slevini marcosensis OTTLEY & TANNER 1978
Eridiphas slevini — MURPHY & OTTLEY 1984
Eridiphas slevini marcosensis — MURPHY & OTTLEY 1984
Eridiphas slevini — STEBBINS 1985: 245
Eridiphas slevini — LINER 1994
Hypsiglena marcosensis — GRISMER 1999
Eridiphas slevini — LINER 2007
Hypsiglena slevini — MULCAHY 2008
Hypsiglena slevini — WALLACH et al. 2014: 343
Hypsiglena slevini — HEIMES 2016: 260
Hypsiglena marcosensis — PERALTA-GARCÍA et al. 2023 
DistributionMexico (Baja California)

slevini (invalid): from the Cape Region to Bahía de Los Ángeles; Type locality: Puero Escondido, Baja California.

marcosensis (invalid): endemic to Isla San Marcos  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: CAS 53631
Holotype: BYU 34617, adult male, collection 1978 [marcosensis] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (1112 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSynonymy: GRISMER (1999) elevated marcosensis to full (evolutionary) species status because it “differs discretely from E. s. slevini in having higher numbers of ventral scales (198-200 versus 182-195), a smaller head that is 4.6-4.7% of SVL as opposed to 4.8-5.6% of SVL, and body blotches (65 versus 58-63).” Note that marcosensis was described based on two specimens. MULCAHY & ARCHIBALD (2003) analyzed a total of 40 specimens and, based on overlapping characters, synonymized marcosensis with the nominate mainland form. 
EtymologyNamed after Joseph Richard Slevin (1881-1957), curator of Herpetology at the California Academy of Sciences 1928-1957. 
References
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Grismer, L. Lee 1996. Geographic Distribution. Eridiphas slevini slevini. Herpetological Review 27 (1): 33-34 - get paper here
  • Grismer, L. Lee. 1999. An evolutionary classification of reptiles on islands in the Gulf of California, México. Herpetologica 55 (4): 446-469 - get paper here
  • Heimes, P. 2016. Snakes of Mexico. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 572 pp
  • Leviton, Alan E.; Banta, Benjamin H. 1964. Midwinter reconnaissance of the herpetofauna of the Cape Region of Baja California, Mexico. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 30 (7): 127-156 - get paper here
  • Leviton, Alan E.;Tanner, Wilmer W. 1960. The generic allocation of Hypsiglena slevini Tanner (Serpentes: Colubridae). Occ. Pap. Cal. Acad. Sci. (27): 1-7 - get paper here
  • Liner, Ernest A. 2007. A CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES OF MEXICO. Louisiana State University Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural Science 80: 1-60 - get paper here
  • Mellink, Eric 1996. Geographic Distribution. Eridiphas slevini. Herpetological Review 27 (2): 88 - get paper here
  • Mulcahy DG, Martínez-Gómez JE, Aguirre-León G, Cervantes-Pasqualli JA, Zug GR 2014. Rediscovery of an Endemic Vertebrate from the Remote Islas Revillagigedo in the Eastern Pacific Ocean: The Clarión Nightsnake Lost and Found. PLoS One 9 (5): e97682. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0097682 - get paper here
  • Mulcahy, D.G. 2007. Molecular systematics of neotropical cat-eyed snakes: a test of the monophyly of Leptodeirini (Colubridae: Dipsadinae) with implications for character evolution and biogeography. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 92: 483–500 - get paper here
  • Mulcahy, D.G. & Archibald, M.A. 2003. Geographic variation in the Baja California Nightsnake (Eridiphas slevini), with comments on taxonomy and diet. Journal of Herpetology 37 (3): 566-571 - get paper here
  • Mulcahy, Daniel G. 2008. Phylogeography and species boundaries of the western North American Nightsnake (Hypsiglena torquata): Revisiting the subspecies concept. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 46 (3): 1095-1115 - get paper here
  • Murphy, R. W.; Ottley, J. R. 1984. Distribution of amphibians and reptiles on islands in the Gulf of California. Annals of the Carnegie Museum 53 (8): 207-230 - get paper here
  • Murray, Sam, Jackson Shedd, D. and Eric A. Dugan. 2015. Geographic Distribution: Hypsiglena slevini (Slevin's nightsnake). Herpetological Review 46 (1): 62 - get paper here
  • Ottley, J. R.; Tanner, W. W. 1978. New range and a new subspecies for the snake Eridiphas slevini. Great Basin Naturalist 38 (4): 406-410 - get paper here
  • Peralta-García A, Valdez-Villavicencio JH, Fucsko LA, Hollingsworth BD, Johnson JD, Mata-Silva V, Rocha A, DeSantis DL, Porras LW, and Wilson LD. 2023. The herpetofauna of the Baja California Peninsula and its adjacent islands, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 17(1&2): 57–142
  • ROBINSON BOURS, MÓNICA; YSSEL GADAR, ADRIANA GONZÁLEZ-HERNÁNDEZ & VÍCTOR HUGO REYNOSO. 2021. HYPSIGLENA SLEVINI (Baja California Nightsnake). DIET. Herpetological Review 52 (3): 667–668. - get paper here
  • Stebbins,R.C. 1985. A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians, 2nd ed. Houghton Mifflin, Boston
  • Tanner, Wilmer W. 1943. Two new species of Hypsiglena from western North America. Great Basin Naturalist 4 (1-2): 49-54 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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