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Hypsilurus nigrigularis (MEYER, 1874)

IUCN Red List - Hypsilurus nigrigularis - Data Deficient, DD
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Higher TaxaAgamidae (Amphibolurinae), Sauria, Iguania, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymGonyocephalus (Hypsilurus) nigrigularis MEYER 1874: 129
Gonyocephalus nigrigularis — BOULENGER 1885: 296
Gonyocephalus nigrigularis — DE ROOIJ 1915: 111
Goniocephalus nigrigularis — LOVERIDGE 1948: 316
Gonocephalus nigrigularis — WERMUTH 1967: 61
Hypsilurus (Hypsilurus) nigrilabris (sic!) — MOODY 1980: 300 (in error)
Hypsilurus nigrilabris — FRANK & RAMUS 1995: 130
Hypsilurus nigrigularis — BARTS & WILMS 2003 
DistributionNew Guinea

Type locality: Neu-Guinea. Locus typicus restrictus (according to data from Meyer, 1886/87): Rubi, am Südufer der Geelvinkbai, ~ 3° 23’S; 135° 15’E, West Papua Province, Indonesia.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: MTD 2967 (= MTKD) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Medium–sized, robust, long–tailed species with homogeneous dorsal scalation, a discontinuous vertebral crest and a large, dark coloured gular pouch. Scales below the tympanum minimally enlarged, no row of enlarged submaxillaries; gular pouch extremely large; anterior edge of the gular pouch without enlarged scales.
H. nigrigularis differs from modestus, auritus and geelvinkianus by larger and slightly heterogeneous, narrow, as well as broad anterior scales on the gular pouch (vs. small, homogeneous, rhomboid nearly granular scales) and by a dark gular pouch (vs. yellow gular sac, with or without stripes); additionally from modestus by a large gular pouch with acute base on the chest (vs. small with rounded base approximately near the clavicular region) and the presence of a dorsal crest (vs. absent), auritus by the absence of dark spots on either side of the neck (vs. present), geelvinkianus by a normally developed dorsal crest (vs. rudimentary), bruijnii by a large dark gular pouch with acute base on the chest (vs. small, light coloured with rounded base approximately near the clavicular region) as well as by the absence of a row of enlarged submaxillaries (vs. present), boydii, spinipes and dilophus by a homogeneous dorsal scalation (vs. heterogeneous) and a longer tail, TL/SVL > 2.5 (vs. < 2.3); all other species by the absence of clearly enlarged scales below the tympanum as well as the absence of a row of enlarged submaxillaries (vs. present) (Manthey & Denzer 2006: 8). 
CommentSimilar species: Hypsilurus schultzewestrumi.

Abundance: only known from the type locality (Meiri et al. 2017). This is one of the species called 'lost' and 'rediscovered' by Lindken et al. 2024. 
EtymologyNamed after the black coloration of the throat, from Latin niger, nigra, nigrum = black, and Latin gula = throat, also for esophagus. 
References
  • Barts, M. & Wilms, T. 2003. Die Agamen der Welt. Draco 4 (14): 4-23 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. Geckonidae, Eublepharidae, Uroplatidae, Pygopodidae, Agamidae. London: 450 pp. - get paper here
  • de Rooij, N. de 1915. The Reptiles of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. I. Lacertilia, Chelonia, Emydosauria. Leiden (E. J. Brill), xiv + 384 pp. - get paper here
  • Lindken T.; Anderson, C. V., Ariano-Sánchez, D., Barki, G., Biggs, C., Bowles, P., Chaitanya, R., Cronin, D. T., Jähnig, S. C., Jeschke, J. M., Kennerley, R. J., Lacher, T. E. Jr., Luedtke, J. A., Liu, C., Long, B., Mallon, D., Martin, G. M., Meiri, 2024. What factors influence the rediscovery of lost tetrapod species? Global Change Biology, 30: 1-18 - get paper here
  • Loveridge, A. 1948. New Guinean reptiles and amphibians in the Museum of Comparative Zoology and United States National Museum. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 101 (2): 305-430. - get paper here
  • Manthey, U. & Denzer, W. 2006. A revision of the Melanesian-Australian angle head lizards of the genus Hypsilurus (Sauria: Agamidae: Amphibolurinae), with description of four new species and one new subspecies. Hamadryad 30 (1-2): 1 – 40 - get paper here
  • MANTHEY, U. & W. DENZER 2016. Melanesian anglehead lizards of the genus Hypsilurus Peters, 1867 – Part 1: Species from New Guinea. Sauria 38 (3): 11 - 36 - get paper here
  • Meiri, Shai; Aaron M. Bauer, Allen Allison, Fernando Castro-Herrera, Laurent Chirio, Guarino Colli, Indraneil Das, Tiffany M. Doan, Frank Glaw, Lee L. Grismer, Marinus Hoogmoed, Fred Kraus, Matthew LeBreton, Danny Meirte, Zoltán T. Nagy, Cristiano d 2017. Extinct, obscure or imaginary: the lizard species with the smallest ranges. Diversity and Distributions - get paper here
  • Meyer, A.B. 1874. Eine Mittheilung von Hern. Dr. Adolf Berhard Meyer über die von ihm auf Neu-Guinea und den Inseln Jobi, Mysore und Mafoor im Jahre 1873 gesammelten Amphibien. Monatsber. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1874: 128-140 [also published as a separate print with pages 1-17 with a different title in which “Hern. Dr. Adolf Berhard Meyer über die von ihm” is replaced by “mir”] - get paper here
  • Sauvage, H. E. 1879. Notice sur quelques reptiles nouveaux ou peu connus de la Nouvelle-Guinee. [Elania annulata]. Bull. Soc. philom. Paris (7) 3: 47-61 - get paper here
 
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