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Hypsirhynchus scalaris COPE, 1862

IUCN Red List - Hypsirhynchus scalaris - Vulnerable, VU
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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Alsophiini, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Tiburon Hog-nosed Racer, Tiburon Hognosed Racer 
SynonymHypsirhynchus scalaris COPE 1862: 72
Hypsirhynchus ferox scalaris COPE 1863
Hypsirhynchus scalaris — GARMAN 1887: 284
Hypsirhynchus ferox — COCHRAN 1941: 344
Hypsirhynchus ferox scalaris — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1991: 613
Hypsirhynchus scalaris — VIDAL et al. 2000
Hypsirhynchus scalaris — HEDGES et al. 2009
Hypsirhynchus scalaris — GRAZZIOTIN et al. 2012
Hypsirhynchus scalaris — WALLACH et al. 2014: 339 
DistributionHispaniola (Haiti, Dominican Republic)

Type locality: Haiti, Tiburon Peninsula  
Reproductionoviparous (not imputed, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: MCZ 3611 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (1907 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
Comment 
EtymologyNamed after Latin scalaris, of or belonging to a flight of steps or a ladder, presumably in reference to elements of the dorsal pattern. 
References
  • Cochran, D.M. 1941. The herpetology of Hispaniola. Bull. US Natl. Mus. 177: vii + 398 pp. - get paper here
  • Cope, E.D. 1862. Synopsis of the species of Holcosus and Ameiva, with diagnoses of new West Indian and South American Colubridae. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14: 60-82. - get paper here
  • Garman, S. 1887. On West Indian reptiles in the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Cambridge, Mass. Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 24: 278-286. - get paper here
  • Grazziotin, Felipe G.; Hussam Zaher, Robert W. Murphy, Gustavo Scrocchi, Marco A. Benavides, Ya-Ping Zhang and Sandro L. Bonatto 2012. Molecular phylogeny of the New World Dipsadidae (Serpentes: Colubroidea): a reappraisal. Cladistics DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2012.00393.x - get paper here
  • Hedges, S. Blair; Arnaud Couloux; Vidal, Nicolas 2009. Molecular phylogeny, classification, and biogeography of West Indian racer snakes of the Tribe Alsophiini (Squamata, Dipsadidae, Xenodontinae). Zootaxa 2067: 1-28 - get paper here
  • Schwartz, A. & Henderson, R.W. 1991. Amphibians and Reptiles of the West Indies. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, 720 pp.
  • Vidal, Nicolas; Shannon G. Kindl, Alan Wong, and S. Blair Hedges 2000. Phylogenetic Relationships of Xenodontine Snakes Inferred from 12S and 16S Ribosomal RNA Sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution14 (3): 389–402 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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