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Hypsiscopus plumbea (BOIE, 1827)

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Higher TaxaHomalopsidae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Boie’s Mud Snake, Rice Paddy Snake, Plumbeous water snake
G: Olivfarbene Wassertrugnatter
Chinese: 铅色水蛇 
SynonymHomalopsis plumbea BOIE 1827: 560
Hypsirhina hardwickii GRAY 1834 (fide STEJNEGER 1907: 301
Hypserina hardwickii — HARDWICKE & GRAY 1834: 87 (in list)
Hypsirina hardwickii — HARDWICKE & GRAY 1834: 87 (on plate)
Coluber (Homalopsis) plumbeus — EYDOUX & GERVAIS 1837: 9
Hypsirhina plumbea — GRAY 1842: 66
Hydroscopus plumbeus – DIESING 1850 (in error)
Eurostus plumbeus — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1854: 955
Eurostus plumbeus — GÜNTHER 1863: 397
Hypsirhina plumbea — GÜNTHER 1864: 280
Eurotus (sic) plumbeus — EDELING 1870
Enhydris hardwickii — BOULENGER 1896: 301
Hypsirhina plumbea — BOULENGER 1896: 5
Enhydris plumbea — STEJNEGER 1898
Hypsirhina plumbea — VAILLANT 1904: 298
Enhydris plumbea — STEJNEGER 1907: 300
Enhydris plumbea — MANTHEY & GROSSMANN 1997: 348
Enhydris plumbea — COX et al. 1998: 41
Enhydris plumbea — ZIEGLER 2002: 238
Enhydris plumbea — LAZELL 2002
Enhydris plumbea — MURPHY 2007: 148
Enhydris plumbea — GOWER et al. 2012: 91
Enhydris plumbea — KOCH 2012
Enhydris plumbea — WALLACH et al. 2014: 272
Hypsiscopus plumbea — MURPHY & VORIS 2014: 26
Enhydris plumbea — CHAN-ARD et al. 2015: 238
Hypsiscopus plumbeus — GEISSLER et al. 2019
Hypsiscopus plumbeus — GLÄSSER-TROBISCH & TROBISCH 2020 
DistributionIndia (incl. Nicobar islands), Myanmar (Burma), Cambodia,
Indonesia (Bali, Bangka, Belitung, Java, Kalimantan/Borneo, Sulawesi, Sumatra); Laos [see also HR 30: 174]; Pulau Bangka
Malaysia (Malaya and East Malaysia, Pulau Tioman [HR 31: 114]);
Thailand, Vietnam (Hoa Binh, Yen Bai etc.)

Type locality: Java  
Reproductionovovivparous 
TypesHolotype: RMNH RENA 1163, fide MURPHY & VORIS 2014: 26; also given as RNHL 1161. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Scale rows at mid-body 19, ventrals 119–142; upper labials 2–3 or 2–4 contact loreal; four or five lower labials contact anterior chin shields. Dorsum uniform gray or black. Its congener, H. matannensis, has 21 scale rows at mid-body (Murphy & Voris 2014: 26) 
CommentBehavior: nocturnal.

Synonymy: Helicops wettsteini is a synonym of E. plumbea fide WALLACH (unpubl.). The type locality of H. wettsteini is erroneously “San Juan de Vinas (1000 ms. alt.), base of Volcano Turialba, central Costa Rica”. Helicops wettsteini Amaral 1929 has been removed from the synonymy of H plumbeus and revalidated.

Type species: Homalopsis plumbea BOIE 1827: 560 is the type species of the genus Hypsiscopus FITZINGER 1843.

Diet: fish, frogs, crustaceans

Distribution: see Bernstein et al. 2022: 562 (Fig. 1) for a map. Populations from China and northern Indochina are now considered as a new species, H. murphyi. 
EtymologyNamed apparently after the Latin plumbeus = “of lead” or “like lead”, in reference to the dorsal gray color. 
References
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