Ialtris haetianus (COCHRAN, 1935)

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Higher Taxa	Colubridae (Dipsadinae), Alsophiini, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies	Ialtris haetianus haetianus (COCHRAN 1935) Ialtris haetianus perfector (SCHWARTZ & THOMAS 1965) Ialtris haetianus vaticinata (SCHWARTZ 1970)
Common Names	E: Hispaniolan Upland Racer, Haitian Ground Snake
Synonym	Darlingtonia haetiana COCHRAN 1935: 375 Darlingtonia haetiana — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1991: 598 Darlingtonia haetianus — CROTHER 1999 Ialtris haetianus — HEDGES et al. 2009 Darlingtonia haetiana — GRAZZIOTIN et al. 2012 Darlingtonia haetiana — WALLACH et al. 2014: 209 Ialtris haetianus — KRYSKO et al. 2015 Ialtris haetiana haetiana (COCHRAN 1935) Darlingtonia haetiana haetiana — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1991: 598 Ialtris haetianus haetianus — HEDGES et al. 2009 Ialtris haetianus perfector (SCHWARTZ and THOMAS 1965) Darlingtonia haetiana perfector — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1991: 598 Ialtris haetianus perfector — HEDGES et al. 2009 Ialtris haetianus vaticinata (SCHWARTZ 1970) Darlingtonia haetiana vaticinata — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1991: 599 Ialtris haetianus vaticinatus — HEDGES et al. 2009
Distribution	Hispaniola (Haiti, SW Dominican Republic) haetiana: Hispaniola: Haiti, Massif de la Hotte; elevation 1000 - 5000 ft.; Type locality: Roche Croix, northeast foothills, Massif de la Hotte ( = Pic Macaya), Département de la Grand'Anse, Haiti. perfector: Hispaniola: Sierra de Baoruco and southern versant of Massif de la Selle; elevation 2100 - 4400 ft. vaticinata: Hispaniola: Haiti, the Montagne Noire; elevation 5000 - 5600 ft.
Reproduction	oviparous
Types	Holotype: MCZ 38252, collected by: Philip J. Darlington, Jr. Collection Date: October 1934 Holotype: MCZ 77217 [perfector] Holotype: MCZ 92099 [vaticinata]
Diagnosis	Diagnosis (genus Darlingtonia): Strongly bilobed, semicalyculated and semicapitated hemipenis with the capitulum restricted to the sulcate and lateral surface of the lobes, formed by papillate calyces; relatively long lobes, representing almost half the total length of the organ [GRAZZIOTIN et al. 2012].
Comment	This species may be reassigned to Arrhyton (see Hedges and Garrido 1992). Type species: Darlingtonia haetiana COCHRAN 1935 is the type species of the genus Darlingtonia COCHRAN 1935. GRAZZIOTIN et al. 2012 et al. argued that the synonymization of Darlingtonia with Ialtris (Hedges et al., 2009) is not justified given the significantly distinct, external and hemipenial morphologies of these genera. Further, Darlingtonia differs from Ialtris in having eight infralabials (nine in Ialtris), 132–144 ventrals (vs. 160– 192) and 40–54 subcaudals (vs. 57–115), an entire anal scale (vs. divided), no loreal scale (vs. present) and ungrooved teeth (vs. grooved) (data from Cochran, 1941; Schwartz and Rossman, 1976; and Schwartz and Henderson, 1991).
Etymology	Named after the type locality
References	Cochran, D. M. 1935. New reptiles and amphibians collected in Haiti by P. J. Darlington. Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40: 367-375. - get paper here Grazziotin, Felipe G.; Hussam Zaher, Robert W. Murphy, Gustavo Scrocchi, Marco A. Benavides, Ya-Ping Zhang and Sandro L. Bonatto 2012. Molecular phylogeny of the New World Dipsadidae (Serpentes: Colubroidea): a reappraisal. Cladistics DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2012.00393.x - get paper here Hedges, S. B. and O. H. Garrido. 1992. Cuban snakes of the genus Arrhyton: two new species and a reconsideration of A. redimitum Cope. Herpetologica 48: 168-177 - get paper here Hedges, S. Blair; Arnaud Couloux; Vidal, Nicolas 2009. Molecular phylogeny, classification, and biogeography of West Indian racer snakes of the Tribe Alsophiini (Squamata, Dipsadidae, Xenodontinae). Zootaxa 2067: 1-28 - get paper here KRYSKO, KENNETH L.; DAVID W. STEADMAN, LEROY P. NUÑEZ & DAVID S. LEE 2015. Molecular phylogeny of Caribbean dipsadid (Xenodontinae: Alsophiini) snakes, including identification of the first record from the Cay Sal Bank, The Bahamas. Zootaxa 4028 (3): 441–450 - get paper here Schwartz, A. 1970. Darlingtonia haetiana (Serpentes, Colubridae): a new subspecies. Herpetologica 26 (3): 324-31. - get paper here Schwartz, A. 1986. Darlingtonia, D. Haitiana. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles ( 390 - get paper here Schwartz, A. & Henderson, R.W. 1991. Amphibians and Reptiles of the West Indies. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, 720 pp. Schwartz, A. and Thomas, R. 1965. The genus Darlingtonia (Serpentes) in Hispaniola, including a new subspecies from the Dominican Republic. Breviora (229):1-10. - get paper here Uetz, P.; Darko, Y.A.; Voss, O. 2023. Towards digital descriptions of all extant reptile species. Megataxa 010 (1): 027–042 - get paper here Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
External links	IUCN Red List National Center for Biotechnology Information https://www.facebook.com/groups/stshc/posts/407337778157493/ Google images

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