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Kentropyx altamazonica (COPE, 1875)

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Higher TaxaTeiidae, Teiinae, Gymnophthalmoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Cocha Whiptail
Portuguese: Calango, Calango-Verde, Calanguinho, Iguaninha Lagarto 
SynonymCentropyx altamazonicus COPE 1875: 162
Centropyx calcaratus — GUICHENOT 1855: 32
Centropyx altamazonicus — BOULENGER 1885: 342
Kentropyx williamsoni RUTHVEN 1929: 1
Centropyx alto-amazonicus — GOELDI 1902: 537
Kentropyx calcaratus — CUNHA 1961: 107 (part)
Kentropyx altamazonicus — PETERS & DONOSO-BARROS 1970: 151
Kentropyx williamsoni — PETERS et al. 1970: 152
Kentropyx altamazonica — GALLAGHER & DIXON 1980: 616
Kentropyx altamazonica — GALLAGHER & DIXON 1992: 130
Kentropyx altamazonica — AVILA-PIRES 1995: 509
Kentropyx altamazonica — DIRKSEN & DE LA RIVA 1999
Kentropyx altamazonica — GORZULA & SEÑARIS 1999
Kentropyx altamazonica — HARVEY et al. 2012 
DistributionEcuador (Amazonas), Peru, Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz, Beni), Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil (Amazonas, Acre, Mato Grosso, Santarém: HR 33: 225, Pará)

Type locality: Moyabamba, Peru.

williamsoni: Brazil; Type locality: Brazil, Manáos.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: ANSP 13105
Holotype: UMMZ 56850 [williamsoni] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Dorsals only slightly larger than scales on flanks, not in longitudinal rows. Scales around midbody 107-145 (123.0 ± 8.0, n= 79). Femoral pores 28-42 (33.8 ± 2.9, n= 81) in total. A light, straight, vertebral stripe in juveniles and some adults. A t each side a black dorsolateral band, bordered dorsally and ventrally by light stripes, upper one starting on nape, lower one at posterior corner of eye. Lamellae under fingers homogeneously swollen. Sides of toes with well developed denticulate fringe (increasing from first to fourth toe) (Avila-Pires 1995).


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CommentNot listed for Ecuador by TORRES-CARVAJAL 2001. 
EtymologyNamed after Latin “altus”, meaning high and combined with Amazon; in reference to the type locality, the upper Amazon. 
References
  • Avila-Pires, T.C.S. 1995. Lizards of Brazilian Amazonia (Reptilia: Squamata). Zoologische Verhandelingen 299: 1-706 - get paper here
  • Bernarde, Paulo Sérgio;, Reginaldo Assêncio Machado & Luiz Carlos Batista Turci 2011. Herpetofauna da área do Igarapé Esperança na Reserva Extrativista Riozinho da Liberdade, Acre – Brasil. Biota Neotropica 11 (3): 117-144 - get paper here
  • Bolla, D.A.S., Bandeira, L.N. & Carvalho, F. 2017. Kentropyx altamazonica (Cocha Whiptail) Habitat use. Herpetological Review 48 (4): 847-848 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 2, Second edition. London, xiii+497 pp. - get paper here
  • Catenazzi, A., and P. J. Venegas 2012. Anfibios y reptiles/Amphibians and reptiles. in: N. Pitman, E. Ruelas Inzunza, D. Alvira, C. Vriesendorp, D. K. Moskovits, Á. del Campo, T. Wachter, D. F. Stotz, S. Noningo Sesén, E. Tuesta Cerrón, y/and R. C. Smith, eds. Perú: Cerros de Kampankis. R The Field Museum, Chicago, pp. 106–117, 260–271, 348–365 - get paper here
  • CATENAZZI, A., LEHR, E. & VON MAY, R. 2013. The amphibians and reptiles of Manu National Park and its buffer zone, Amazon basin and eastern slopes of the Andes, Peru. Biota Neotropica 13 (4): 269-283
  • Cole J C. Dessauer H C. Townsend C R. Arnold M G. 1995. Kentropyx borckiana (Squamata: Teiidae): A unisexual lizard of hybrid origin in the Guiana Region, South America. American Museum Novitates (3145): 1-23. - get paper here
  • Cope, E.D. 1875. Report on the Reptiles brought by Professor James Orton from the middle and upper Amazon and western Peru. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia N.S. (2) 8: 159-183 [sometimes thought to be published 1876 but see Murphy et al. 2007 for clarification] - get paper here
  • Crnobrna B, Santa-Cruz Farfan R, Gallegos C, López-Rojas JJ, Llanqui IB, Pisco GP, Arbaiza AK 2023. Herpetological records from the Abujao basin, central Peruvian Amazon. Check List 19(4): 433-465 - get paper here
  • Dirksen, L. 2006. Mit Sonar und Guillotine auf Anakondajagd. Reptilia (Münster) 11 (58): 44-50 - get paper here
  • Dirksen, L. & De la Riva, I. 1999. The lizards and amphisbaenians of Bolivia (Reptilia, Squamata): checklist, localities, and bibliography. Graellsia 55: 199-215 - get paper here
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  • Duellman, W.E., & Salas, A.W. 1991. Annotated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Cuzco Amazonico, Peru. Occas. Papers Mus. of Natur. Hist., Univ. of Kansas, Lawrence (143): 13 pp. - get paper here
  • Eversole, C. B., Powell, R. L., Rivas, L. R., & Lizarro, D. E. 2024. Reptile Biodiversity and Vulnerability in Bolivia’s Beni Department: Informing Conservation Priorities in a Neglected Frontier. Diversity, 16(6), 335 - get paper here
  • Fonseca, Wirven Lima da; Julivaldo Dantas da Silva, Arthur Diesel Abegg, Conrado Mario da Rosa, Paulo Sergio Bernarde 2019. Herpetofauna of Porto Walter and surrounding areas, Southwest Amazonia, Brazil. Herpetology Notes 12: 91-107 - get paper here
  • Freitas, M. A. de, Venancio, N. M., Abegg, A. D., Azevedo, W. S, Pereira, V. O., Zanotti, A. P., Veloso, A., Schwarzbach, L., Oliveira, A. G., da Silva, R. C. C., de Amorim, V. R. G. and de Moura, G. J. B. 2020. Herpetofauna at the Rio Acre Ecological Station, Amazon Rainforest, Brazil. Herpetology Notes 13: 33-48. - get paper here
  • Gallagher D S & Dixon J R. 1992. Taxonomic revision of the South American lizard genus Kentropyx Spix (Sauria, Teiidae). Boll. Mus. Reg. Sci. Nat. Torino 10 (1): 125-171
  • Gallagher D S JR.; DIXON J R. & SCHMIDLY D J 1986. Geographic variation in the Kentropyx calcarata species group (Sauria: Teiidae): a possible example of morphological character displacement. Journal of Herpetology 20 (2): 179-189 - get paper here
  • Goeldi, E. A. 1902. Lagartos do Brasil. Boletim do Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi 3: 499-560
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
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  • HARVEY, MICHAEL B.; GABRIEL N. UGUETO & RONALD L. GUTBERLET, Jr. 2012. Review of Teiid Morphology with a Revised Taxonomy and Phylogeny of the Teiidae (Lepidosauria: Squamata). Zootaxa 3459: 1–156 - get paper here
  • Lehr, E. 2002. Amphibien und Reptilien in Peru. Natur und Tier-Verlag (Münster), 208 pp. - get paper here
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  • MENDES, DIEGO M.M.; GLEICIELY ALMEIDA CABRAL, CAROLINA GOMES SARMENTO, JONAS ALVES DE OLIVEIRA & ALEXANDRE PUCCI HERCOS. 2022. KENTROPYX ALTAMAZONICA (Cocha Whiptail). PREDATION. Herpetological Review 53 (2): 324–325.
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  • Metcalf, Matthew; Alexander Marsh, Emerson Torres, Devon Graham, Charles Gunnels 2020. Herpetofauna of the Santa Cruz Forest Preserve in the Peruvian Amazon Basin. Herpetology Notes 13: 753-767 - get paper here
  • MORAES, LEANDRO J.C.L. & JESSICA A. OLIVEIRA. 2021. Notes on the mating behavior of Kentropyx altamazonica (Squamata: Teiidae): first evidence of courtship display for the genus. Phyllomedusa: Journal of Herpetology 20(2): 191–196. - get paper here
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  • Werneck, F.P., Giugliano, L.G., Collevatti, R.G. & Colli, G.R. 2009. Phylogeny, biogeography and evolution of clutch size in South American lizards of the genus Kentropyx (Squamata: Teiidae). Molecular Ecology 18: 262-278 - get paper here
 
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