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Kinixys spekii GRAY, 1863

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Higher TaxaTestudinidae, Testudinoidea, Testudines (turtles)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Speke’s Hinged-back tortoise, Speke's Hingeback Tortoise, savanna hingeback 
SynonymKinixys spekii GRAY 1863
Homopus darlingi BOULENGER 1902: 15
Testudo procterae LOVERIDGE 1923 (fide BROADLEY & HOWELL 1991: 8)
Kinixys spekii — HEWITT 1931: 469
Kinixys jordani HEWITT 1931: 482
Kinixys youngi HEWITT 1931: 486
Kinixys australis HEWITT 1931: 477
Kinixys australis mababiensis FITZSIMONS 1932: 37
Kinixys belliana — WERMUTH & MERTENS 1977: 70
Kinixys belliana — AUERBACH 1987: 69
Kinixys belliana spekii — IVERSON 1992: 271
Kinixys spekii — BROADLEY 1998
Kinixys spekii — VALVERDE 2005
Kinixys spekii — VAN DIJK et al. 2012
Kinixys spekii — SPAWLS et al. 2018: 33
Kinixys spekii — TTWG 2021 
DistributionAngola, Botswana, Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo (Zaire), Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia (Caprivi), Rwanda,South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Type locality: Central Africa (probably NW Tanzania fide BROADLEY & HOWELL 1991).  
Reproductionoviparous. 
TypesHolotype: BMNH 1936.5.3.117
Holotype: DNMNH (= TM) 14689, adult female [mababiensis] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (654 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSynonymy: after VAN DIJK et al. 2012. WERMUTH & MERTENS 1977 listed Testudo procterae as a synonym of Malacochersus tornieri.

Distribution: after VAN DIJK et al. 2012; see map in Kindler et al. 2012 (supplement) and Hailey et al. 2021. 
EtymologyNamed after Captain John Hanning Speke (1827-1864), an explorer. He was the first European to see Lake Victoria (Lake Nyanza), proving it to be the source of the Nile. 
References
  • Auerbach, R.D. 1987. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Botswana. Mokwepa Consultants, Botswana, 295 pp.
  • Bates, M.F.; Branch, W.R., Bauer, A.M.; Burger, M., Marais, J.; Alexander, G.J. & de Villliers, M.S. (eds.) 2014. Atlas and Red List of the Reptiles of South Africa, Lesotho, and Swaziland. Suricata 1. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, 512 pp.
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Bittencourt-Silva GB. 2019. Herpetological survey of western Zambia. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13(2) [Special Section]: 1-28 (e181) - get paper here
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  • Boulenger, George Albert 1902. A List of the Fishes, Batrachians, and Reptiles collected by Mr. J. ffolliott Darling in Mashonaland, with Descriptions of new Species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London (London), 1902: 13-18. - get paper here
  • Bour, Roger 2006. Le genre Kinixys Bell: histoire nomenclaturale et taxinomique. Chéloniens 3:8-15.
  • Bourquin, O. 2009. Reptiles (Reptilia) in KwaZulu-Natal: I - diversity and distribution. Durban Museum Novitates 29: 57-103
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  • Broadley, D.G. 1997. Osteological characters of the shell and humerus in hinged tortoises of the African genus Kinixys. Chelonian Conserv. Biol. 2 (4): 526-531
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  • Gray, J. E. 1863. Notice of a new species of Kinixys and other tortoises from Central Africa. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) 12: 381 - get paper here
  • Hailey, A., Broadley, D.G., Boycott, R.C., and Spawls, S. 2021. Kinixys spekii Gray 1863 – Speke’s Hinge-back Tortoise, Speke’s Hinged Tortoise. In: Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., van Dijk, P.P., Stanford, C.B., Goode, E.V., Buhlmann, K.A., and Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds.). Conservation Biology of Freshwater Turtles Chelonian Research Monographs 5(15):115.1–14 - get paper here
  • Hailey, A.; Coulson, I.M. 1995. Habitat association of the tortoise Geochelone pardalis and Kinixys spekii in the Sengwa wildlife research area, Zimbabwe. The Herpetological Journal 5: 305-309 - get paper here
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  • Ihlow F, Farooq HM, Gvoždík V, Hofmeyr MD, Conradie W, Campbell PD, Harvey J, Verburgt L, Fritz U. 2019. Geographic range extension of Speke’s Hinge-back Tortoise Kinixys spekii Gray, 1863. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13(2) [Special Section]: 61–67 (e195) - get paper here
  • Kindler, Carolin; William R. Branch, Margaretha D. Hofmeyr, Jérôme Maran, Pavel Sˇiroky ́, Miguel Vences, James Harvey, J. Susanne Hauswaldt, Alfred Schleicher, Heiko Stuckas and Uwe Fritz 2012. Molecular phylogeny of African hinge-back tortoises (Kinixys): implications for phylogeography and taxonomy (Testudines: Testudinidae). J Zool Syst Evol Res - get paper here
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  • Loveridge, A. 1923. Notes on East African tortoises collected 1921-1923, with the description of a new species of soft land tortoise. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1923: 923-933 - get paper here
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