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Larutia larutensis (BOULENGER, 1900)

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Higher TaxaScincidae, Sphenomorphinae (Sphenomorphini), Scincoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Black Larut Skink, Larut Hills Larut Skink
G: Schwarzer Larutskink 
SynonymLygosoma larutense BOULENGER 1900
Lygosoma larutense — SMEDLEY 1931: 112
Lygosoma larutense — SMITH 1937: 221
Larutia larutensis — MANTHEY & GROSSMANN 1997: 264
Larutia larutensis — CHAN-ARD et al. 1999: 136
Larutia larutensis — GRISMER 2011
Larutia larutense — PYRON & BURBRINK 2013 
DistributionWest Malaysia (Perak, Kedah)

Type locality: Maxwell’s Hill, Larut, 3000 feet elevation [Perak, West Malaysia]  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: BMNH 1946.8.3.58 (formerly 1900.7.18.1, formerly in Perak Museum), Maxwell's Hill, Larut, 3000', collected A.L. Butler. 
DiagnosisDIAGNOSIS (genus): Supranasal scales absent, median pair of preanal scales enlarged, external ear opening absent. A postorbital bone present, Meckel's groove open. Body attenuate with small limbs, number of digits and toes reduced, the limbs being tetradactyle (one species), didactyle (three species) or didactyle in front and toeless behind (one species) (camp. tab. I). Colour pattern with longitudinal stripes (four species) or crossbands on the hindpart of head and neck (one species) [after Greer’s (1977: 533 f.) definition of his taxonomically informal «larutense group; from BÖHME 1981]. 
CommentLimb morphology: Limbs reduced with only 2 toes.

Type species: Lygosoma larutense BOULENGER 1900 is the type species of the genus Larutia BÖHME 1981.

Type: not in BMNH (P. Campbell, pers. comm., 7 July 2014).

Synonymy: The only “Larutia” species with more than 2 digits, Larutia osellai, has been moved to Leptoseps, so that all species have 2 or fewer digits. 
EtymologyNamed after the type locality.

The genus name Larutia (being feminine) is derived from the Larut province, Malaysia. The name is a tautonymy corresponding to the oldest available species name (larutensis) designated as the type species. 
References
  • Böhme,W. 1981. A new lygosomine skink from Thailand (Reptilia: Scincidae) [Larutia osellai]. BOLLETTINO DEL MUSEO CIVICO DI STORIA NATURALE DI VERONA 8: 375-382
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1900. Description of new reptiles from Perak, Malay Peninsula. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) 5: 306-308 - get paper here
  • Chan-ard, Tanya; Michael Cota, Sunchai Makchai and Suttinee Lhaotaew 2011. A New Species of Larutia (Squamata: Scincidae) Found in Peninsular Thailand. The Thailand Natural History Museum Journal 5 (1): 57-65 - get paper here
  • Chan-ard,T.; Grossmann,W.; Gumprecht,A. & Schulz,K. D. 1999. Amphibians and reptiles of peninsular Malaysia and Thailand - an illustrated checklist [bilingual English and German]. Bushmaster Publications, Würselen, Gemany, 240 pp. [book review in Russ. J Herp. 7: 87] - get paper here
  • FUKUYAMA, IBUKI; TSUTOMU HIKIDA, MOHAMAD YAZID HOSSMAN, KANTO NISHIKAWA 2019. A new species of the genus Larutia (Squamata: Scincidae) from Gunung Penrissen, Sarawak, Borneo. Zootaxa 4661 (3): 522–532 - get paper here
  • GOLDBERG, S., BURSEY, C.R. & GRISMER, L.L. 2019. Endoparasiten des Larutskinks Larutia larutensis (Squamata: Scincidae) von der Malaiischen Halbinsel. Sauria 41 (3): 61-62 - get paper here
  • Grismer, Jesse L.; Tzi Ming Leong, and Norsham S. Yaakob 2003. TWO NEW SOUTHEAST ASIAN [Sundaland?] SKINKS OF THE GENUS LARUTIA AND INTRAGENERIC PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS. Herpetologica 59 (4): 552–564 [554-566] - get paper here
  • GRISMER, L. LEE; & EVAN S. H. QUAH 2019. An updated and annotated checklist of the lizards of Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, and their adjacent archipelagos. Zootaxa 4545 (2): 230–248 - get paper here
  • Grismer, L. Lee; Chan K. Onn, Jesse L. Grismer, Perry L. Wood, Jr., and A. Norhayati 2010. A CHECKLIST OF THE HERPETOFAUNA OF THE BANJARAN BINTANG, PENINSULAR MALAYSIA. Russ. J. Herpetol. 17 (2): 147-160 - get paper here
  • GRISMER, L. LEE; EVAN QUAH SENG HUAT, CAMERON D. SILER, CHAN, K. O., PERRY L. WOOD, JR., JESSE L. GRISMER, SHAHRUL ANUAR MOHD SAH & NORHAYATI AHMAD 2011. Peninsular Malaysia’s first limbless lizard: a new species of skink of the genus Larutia (Böhme) from Pulau Pinang with a phylogeny of the genus. Zootaxa 2799: 29–40 - get paper here
  • Grismer, L.L. 2011. Lizards of Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and their adjacent archipelagos. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt, 728 pp. [review in Herp. Rev. 43: 155] - get paper here
  • Manthey, U. & Grossmann, W. 1997. Amphibien & Reptilien Südostasiens. Natur und Tier Verlag (Münster), 512 pp. - get paper here
  • Pyron, R. Alexander; Frank T. Burbrink 2013. Early origin of viviparity and multiple reversions to oviparity in squamate reptiles. Ecology Letters 17 (1): 13–21 (published online 2013, in print 2014), DOI: 10.1111/ele.12168 - get paper here
  • Smedley, N. 1932. Amphibians and reptiles from the Cameron Highlands, Malay Peninsula. Bull. Raffles Mus. 6: 105 - 123 [1931] - get paper here
  • Smith, M.A. 1937. A review of the genus Lygosoma (Scincidae: Reptilia) and its allies. Records of the Indian Museum 39 (3): 213-234
  • Sworder, G.H. 1933. Notes on some reptiles from the Malay Peninsula. Bull. Raffles Mus. No 8: 101-105
 
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