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Lepidoblepharis xanthostigma (NOBLE, 1916)

IUCN Red List - Lepidoblepharis xanthostigma - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaSphaerodactylidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymLathrogecko xanthostigma NOBLE 1916: 87
Lathrogecko xanthostigma — NOBLE 1921
Lathrogecko xanthostigma — CAMP 1923: 405
Lepidoblepharis xanthostigma — VANZOLINI 1953: 264
Lepidoblepharis xanthostigma — TAYLOR 1956: 20
Lepidoblepharus xanthostigma — HEYER 1967 (in error)
Lepidoblepharis xanthostigma — KLUGE 1993
Lepidoblepharis xanthostigma — KÖHLER 2000: 49
Lepidoblepharis xanthostigma — MARTÍNEZ-FONSECA et al. 2024 
DistributionS Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama
Colombia

Type locality: Zent, near Puerto Limon, Costa Rica.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: MCZ 11658 
DiagnosisDiagnosis. Head slightly more than one and one-half times as long as broad; snout as long as the distance from the ear to the orbit; dorsal scales very small, rounded, slightly tubercular; nasals followed by a group of three small post-nasals; mental moderate in size, followed by several small scales; five upper labials, four lower labials; ventral scales very much larger than the dorsals. (Noble 1916)


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CommentSynonymy: Has been synonymized with L. microlepis by RUTHVEN 1928. Listed as a synonym of L. microlepis by WERMUTH 1965. Populations of this species have been redescribed as Lepidoblepharis victormartinez and L. emberawoundule.

Distribution: see map in BATISTA et al. 2015 for collection localities.

Reference images: see Uetz et al. 2024 for high-resolution reference images for this species. 
EtymologyNamed after Greek xanthos (ξανθός), blond, yellow of various shades + Greek stigma (στιγμή), spot. [“...two or possibly three indistinct rows of pale yellowish spots extending along each side of the body...”]. (from Esteban Lavilla, pers. comm., May 2024) 
References
  • Arias, Erick; Federico Bolaños 2014. A checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of San Isidro de Dota, Reserva Forestal Los Santos, Costa Rica. Check List 10 (4): 870-877 - get paper here
  • Ayala S C & Castro F. 1983. Dos nuevos gecos (Sauria: Gekkonidae, Sphaerodactylinae) para Colombia: Lepidoblepharis xanthostigma (Noble) y descripcion de una nueva especie. Caldasia 13 (No. 65): 743-753 - get paper here
  • BATISTA, ABEL; MARCOS PONCE, MILAN VESELY, KONRAD MEBERT, ANDREAS HERTZ, GUNTHER KÖHLER, ARCADIO CARRIZO & SEBASTIAN LOTZKAT 2015. Revision of the genus Lepidoblepharis (Reptilia: Squamata: Sphaerodactylidae) in Central America, with the description of three new species. Zootaxa 3994 (2): 187–221 - get paper here
  • CALDERÓN-ESPINOSA, MARTHA LUCIA & GUIDO FABIAN MEDINA-RANGEL 2016. A new Lepidoblepharis lizard (Squamata: Sphaerodactylidae) from the Colombian Guyana shield. . Zootaxa 4067 (2): 215–232 - get paper here
  • Camp, Charles Lewis 1923. Classification of the Lizards. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 48 (11): 289-481. - get paper here
  • Carvajal-Cogollo, J.E.; L.E. Rojas-Murcia. & G. Cárdenas-Arévalo 2020. Reptiles del Caribe colombiano/ Reptiles of the Colombian Caribbean. Tunja: Editorial UPTC, 268 pp. - get paper here
  • Dunn,E.R. 1940. New and noteworthy herpetological material from Panamá. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia. 92: 105-122. - get paper here
  • Fuentes, Rogemif; Aschcroft, Jesse; Erick Barría, Helio Quintero-Arrieta, Alexis Baules, Abel Batista, Eduardo Zambrano, Marcos Ponce 2023. Herpetological diversity in forests of Portobelo National Park, Colón Biological Corridor, Panama. Reptiles & Amphibians 30 (1): e18434 - get paper here
  • Heyer, W. Ronald 1967. A herpetofaunal study of an ecological transect through the Cordillera de Tilarán, Costa Rica. Copeia 1967 (2): 259-271 - get paper here
  • Hilje B, Chaves G, Klank J, Timmerman F, Feltham J, Gillingwater S, Piraino T, Rojas E 2020. Amphibians and Reptiles of the Tirimbina Biological Reserve: a baseline for conservation, research and environmental education in a lowland tropical wet forest in Costa Rica. Check List 16(6): 1633-1655 - get paper here
  • Köhler, G. 2000. Reptilien und Amphibien Mittelamerikas, Bd 1: Krokodile, Schildkröten, Echsen. Herpeton Verlag, Offenbach, 158 pp.
  • Köhler, G. 2008. Reptiles of Central America. 2nd Ed. Herpeton-Verlag, 400 pp.
  • Martínez-Fonseca JG, Holmes IA, Sunyer J, Westeen EP, Grundler MR, Cerda PA, Fernández-Mena MA, Loza-Molina JC, Monagan IV Jr., Nondorf D, Pandelis GG, Rabosky ARD 2023. A collection and analysis of amphibians and reptiles from Nicaragua with new country and departmental records. Check List 20(1): 58-125 - get paper here
  • Noble, G. K. 1916. Description of a new eublepharid lizard from Costa Rica. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 29:87-88. - get paper here
  • Noble, G. K. 1921. The bony structure and phyletic relations of Sphaerodactylus and allied lacertilian genera, with the description of a new genus. American Museum Novitates (4): 1-16 - get paper here
  • Páez, V.P. et al. 2002. Guía de campo de algunas especies de anfibios y reptiles de Antioquia. Universidad de Antioquia, - get paper here
  • Restrepo A, Molina-Zuluaga C, Hurtado JP, Marín CM, Daza JM 2017. Amphibians and reptiles from two localities in the northern Andes of Colombia. Check List 13 (4): 203-237 - get paper here
  • Rovito, Sean Michael; Thomas James Devitt, Susan Cameron Devitt 2015. First survey of the amphibians and reptiles of the Nectandra Cloud Forest Reserve, Alajuela, Costa Rica. Check List 11 (2): 1570 - get paper here
  • Ruthven, A. G. 1928. Notes on the genus Lepidoblepharis (Peracca), with description of a new subspecies. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan (191): 1—3 - get paper here
  • Sasa, M., Arias, E., & Chaves, G. 2025. Annotated list of amphibians and reptiles of Costa Rica: The role of the Museum of Zoology in cataloging the country’s herpetological diversity. Revista de Biología Tropical, 73(S2): e64536-e64536 - get paper here
  • Savage, J.M. 2002. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Costa Rica: A Herpetofauna Between Two Continents, Between Two Seas. University of Chicago Press, 934 pp. [review in Copeia 2003 (1): 205]
  • Scott, N.J. 1976. The abundance and diversity of the herpetofaunas of tropical forest litter. Biotropica 8 (1): 41-58 - get paper here
  • Sunyer, Javier 2014. An updated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Nicaragua. Mesoamerican Herpetology 1 (2): 186–202. - get paper here
  • Sunyer, Javier & José́ Gabriel Martínez-Fonseca 2023. An updated country checklist to the amphibians and reptiles of Nicaragua. REVISTA NICARAGÜENSE DE BIODIVERSIDAD (100): 1-25 - get paper here
  • Taylor, E. H. 1956. A review of the lizards of Costa Rica. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 38 (part 1): 3-322 - get paper here
  • Uetz, P.H.; Patel, M.; Gbadamosi, Z.; Nguyen, A.; Shoope, S. 2024. A Reference Database of Reptile Images. Taxonomy 4: 723–732 - get paper here
  • Vanzolini, P. E. 1953. "Sobre a diferenciação geografica de Gymnodactylus geckoides (Sauria, Gekkonidae)" and "Sobre a Presença do genero Lepidoblepharis no Brasil (Sauria, Gekkonidae)". Pap. Avul. Zool., Sao Paulo 11 (14/15): 225-270 - get paper here
  • Vitt, L.J. et al. 2005. Small in a big world: ecology of leaf-litter geckos in new world tropical forests. Herpetological Monographs 19: 137-152 - get paper here
  • Wirth, Michael 2011. Lohnende Reiseziele für Amphibien- und Reptilienfreunde in Costa Rica. Draco 12 (45): 22-39 - get paper here
 
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