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Leptophis marginatus (COPE, 1862)

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Higher TaxaColubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymTrasops marginatus COPE 1862: 349
Herpetodryas affinis STEINDACHNER 1870: 348
Leptophis liocercus BOULENGER 1894 (part.)
Drymobius affinis — BOULENGER 1894: 14
Leptophis rostralis LÖNNBERG 1902: 458
Leptophis argentinus WERNER 1903: 384
Leptophis ahaetulla SERIÉ 1921
Thalerophis richardi marginatus — OLIVER 1948: 235
Leptophis ahaetulla (marginatus) — INT. COM. ZOOL. NOM. 1950
Leptophis ahaetulla marginatus — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970: 163
Leptophis ahaetulla marginatus — CEI 1993
Leptophis ahaetulla marginatus — SCROCCHI et al. 2006: 93
Leptophis marginatus — CARREIRA et al. 2012
Leptophis ahaetulla marginatus — CANO et al. 2015
Leptophis marginatus — ALBUQUERQUE et al. 2022 
DistributionParaguay, Uruguay, Argentina (Formosa), Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás and Mato Grosso do Sul)

Type locality: Paraguay.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: ANSP 5514; originally USNM 4667
Holotype: ZSM 1797/0 (lost), adult [argentinus]
Holotype: NRM 2249 [Leptophis rostralis] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Leptophis marginatus can be distinguished from its congeners by the following unique combination of character states: (1) head scales edged with black and usually with a small black spot approximately on center of each parietal scale and on outer side of each supraocular; (2) adult color pattern with no dark dorsal bands; (3) dorsal color of anterior body distinct from that of posterior half of body or persisting throughout the length of the body; (4) keeled dorsal scales, except first dorsal row on each side; keels of dorsal scales black; (5) no loreal scale; (6) 152–173 ventrals in males, 154–185 in females; (7) 120–160 subcaudals in males, 121–162 in females; (8) dorsal scales of tail with or with no keels; (9) 21–24 maxillary teeth; (10) TL/SvL: 95% CI = 0.577–0.596 mm (n = 118); (11) moderately enlarged spines at first basal row of hemipenial body; (12) asulcate side of hemipenis similar to sulcate side.
Comparisons. Leptophis marginatus differs from all members of the L. ahaetulla complex by having head scales edged with black and usually with a small black spot approximately on center of each parietal scale and on outer side of each supraocular (Fig. 19A–B) (vs. head scales not edged with black and with no black spots on parietals and supraoculars). Adults of L. marginatus are further distinguished from L. nigromarginatus, L. occidentalis, and L. praestans by showing shorter values of TL/SvL—95% CI = 0.577–0.596 (vs. 95% CI= 0.640–0.649, 0.600–0.626, and 0.610–0.660 respectively) (Table 2). (Albuquerque et al. 2022).


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CommentDistribution: see map in Albuquerque & Fernandes 2022: 31 (Fig. 18). 
EtymologyNamed after Latin marginatus, provided with borders. [“...the plates marginated with black...”]. (from Esteban Lavilla, pers. comm., May 2024) 
References
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