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Letheobia sudanensis (SCHMIDT, 1923)

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Higher TaxaTyphlopidae (Afrotyphlopinae), Typhlopoidea, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Garamba gracile blind-snake, Sudan Beaked Snake 
SynonymTyphlops sudanensis SCHMIDT 1923: 51
Typhlops sudanensis — ESSEX 1928
Rhinotyphlops sudanensis — ROUX-ESTÈVE 1974: 233
Typhlops sudanensis — PITMAN 1974
Rhinotyphlops sudanensis — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 87
Letheobia sudanensis — BROADLEY & WALLACH 2007: 53
Letheobia sudanensis — HEDGES et al. 2014
Letheobia sudanensis — WALLACH et al. 2014: 382
Letheobia cf. sudanensis — BEHANGANA et al. 2020 
DistributionZaire (Orientale), N Democratic Republic of the Congo, elevation 700–1300 m, Republic of South Sudan (RSS)

Type locality: Faradje (contra Schmidt 1923: 4, who erroneously lists the type locality as Garamba, Sudan [= Ituri, Democratic Republic of the Congo] (03°43’N, 29°42’E, elevation 820 m).  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: AMNH 11677; collected by H. Lang and J. P. Chapin, November 1911 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (703 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentHabitat: Mosaic of lowland rain forest and secondary grassland (Sudanese savanna).

Distribution: not in East Africa (i.e. Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi fide S. Spawls, pers. comm., 28 June 2018) despite reports from Uganda (Pitman 1974). 
EtymologyNamed after the type locality. 
References
  • Behangana, Mathias; Richard Magala, Raymond Katumba, David Ochanda, Stephen Kigoolo, Samuel Mutebi, Daniele Dendi,, Luca Luiselli, and Daniel F. Hughes 2020. Herpetofaunal diversity and community structure in the Murchison Falls-Albert Delta Ramsar site, Uganda: Herpetofaunal diversity. European Journal of Ecology, 6(2)
  • Broadley, Donald G. & Wallach, V. 2007. A review of East and Central African species of Letheobia Cope, revived from the synonymy of Rhinotyphlops Fitzinger, with descriptions of five new species (Serpentes: Typhlopidae). Zootaxa 1515: 31–68 - get paper here
  • Chifundera, K. 1990. Snakes of Zaire and their bites. Afr. Stud. Monogr. (Kyoto) 10(3): 137-157.
  • Chippaux, Jean-Philippe & Kate Jackson 2019. Snakes of Central and Western Africa. Johns Hopkins University Press, 448 pp. [detaileld review in HR 51 (1): 161] - get paper here
  • Essex, R. 1929. A note on three burrowing reptiles. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (10) 1: 268-270 - get paper here
  • Hedges, S.B., Marion, A.B., Lipp, K.M., Marin, J. & Vidal, N. 2014. A taxonomic framework for typhlopid snakes from the Caribbean and other regions (Reptilia, Squamata). Caribbean Herpetology 49: 1–61 - get paper here
  • McDiarmid, R.W.; Campbell, J.A. & Touré,T.A. 1999. Snake species of the world. Vol. 1. [type catalogue] Herpetologists’ League, 511 pp.
  • Pitman,C.R.S. 1974. A guide to the snakes of Uganda. Codicote, Wheldon & Wesley, L., 290 pp.
  • Roux-Estève, R. 1974. Révision systématique des Typhlopidae d'Afrique. Reptilia. Serpentes. Mém. nation. Hist. nat., Paris, (sér.A.) 87: 1-313
  • Schmidt, K. P. 1923. Contributions to the herpetology of the Belgian Congo based on the collection of the American Museum Congo Expedition, 1909-1915. Part II. Snakes, with field notes by Herbert Lang and James P. Chapin. Bull. Amer. Mus. nat. Hist. 49 (1): 1-146 - get paper here
  • Trape, J.-F. 2023. Guide des serpents d’Afrique occidentale, centrale et d’Afrique du Nord. IRD Éditions, Marseille, 896 pp.
  • Wallach, V. & Gemel, R. 2018. Typhlops weidholzi n. inedit., a new species of Letheobia from the republic of Cameroon, and a synopsis of the genus (Squamata: Serpentes: Scolecophidia: Typhlopidae). Herpetozoa 31 (1/2): 27 - 46 - get paper here
 
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