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Lichanura orcutti STEJNEGER, 1889

IUCN Red List - Lichanura orcutti - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaBoidae (Charinaidae, Charininae), Henophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Northern Three-lined Boa
G: Nördliche Rosenboa, Dreistreifen-Rosenboa 
SynonymLichanura orcutti STEJNEGER 1889
Lichanura simplex STEJNEGER 1889
Lichanura orcutti — BOULENGER 1893: 129
Lichanura orcutti — WOOD et al. 2008
Lichanura orcutti — CROTHER et al. 2012
Lichanura orcutti — WALLACH et al. 2014: 384
Lichanura orcutti — REYNOLDS & HENDERSON 2018: 30 
DistributionUSA (California: San Diego County in California along the coastal Peninsular Ranges, northward into the Mojave Desert and eastward in the Sonoran Desert of California and Arizona; Arizona: areas north of the Gila River, except for individuals inhabiting the Gila Mountains.)

Type locality: “Colorado desert, San Diego County, California“.  
Reproduction 
TypesHolotype: USNM 15503, adult of unknown sex
Holotype: USNM 13810 [Lichanura simplex] 
DiagnosisDIAGNOSIS. Scales in 33 to 35 rows; eye encircled by 9 or 10 scales; loreals 4; labials 13/15; gasterosteges 232 ; anal entire; urosteges 45, entire. (By loreals are here meant all the scales situated between the posterior nasals, the supralabials, the preorbitals, and the scales corresponding to the prefrontals, without reference to their origin; in the present case I think there are only two loreals proper, while the subloreal is only a detached portion of the fifth supralabials, and the supraloreal a part of the prefrontals.) (Stejneger 1889: 96)


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CommentSynonymy: Lichanura orcutti has been considered as a synonym of L. trivirgata roseofusca (e.g. by Yingling 1982). See also L. trivirgata.

Distribution: technically not in Sonora fide Lemos-Espinal et al. 2019, but found within a few km of its border, so likely there as well. See Yingling 1982 and Wood et al. 2008 for maps. 
EtymologyNamed after C.R. Orcutt, the collector of the types. 
References
  • Akeret, B. 2008. Gefahrenpotenzial Riesenschlangen. Reptilia (Münster) 13 (72): 4-12 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1893. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. London (Taylor & Francis), 448 pp. - get paper here
  • Cope, E.D. 1861. Contributions to the ophiology of Lower California, Mexico and Central America. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13: 292-306 - get paper here
  • Cope, E.D. 1868. [Observations on some specimens of Vertebrata...; protocol of the Jan 21, 1868 meeting]. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 20: 2 - get paper here
  • Crother, B. I. (ed.) 2012. Standard Common and Current Scientific Names for North American Amphibians, Turtles, Reptiles, and Crocodilians, Seventh Edition. Herpetological Circular 39: 1-92
  • Gorman, George C. 1965. The distribution of Lichanura trivirgata and the status of the species. Herpetologica 21 (4): 283-287 - get paper here
  • Jones, K.B.; Abbas, D.R. & Bergstedt, T. 1981. Herpetological records from Central and Northeastern Arizona. Herpetological Review 12 (1): 16 - get paper here
  • Klauber, Laurence M. 1931. A new subspecies of the California boa, with notes on the genus Lichanura. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 6 (20): 305-318 - get paper here
  • Klauber, Laurence M. 1933. Notes on Lichanura. Copeia 1933 (4): 214-215 - get paper here
  • Kluge A G 1993. Calabaria and the phylogeny of erycine snakes. Zool. J. Linnean Soc. 107 (4): 293-351 - get paper here
  • Lillywhite, H.B. 2022. Discovering snakes in wild places. ECO Publishing, Rodeo, NM, 164 pp. - get paper here
  • Mattison, Chris 1996. Rosy boas. Reptilian 4 (4): 36-39
  • Mattison, Chris 2007. The New Encyclopedia of Snakes. Princeton University Press
  • McDiarmid, R.W.; Campbell, J.A. & Touré,T.A. 1999. Snake species of the world. Vol. 1. [type catalogue] Herpetologists’ League, 511 pp.
  • Pilliod, D., Jeffries, M., Arkle, R. and Olson, D. 2024. Climate Futures for Lizards and Snakes in Western North America May Result in New Species Management Issues. Ecol Evol, 14: e70379 - get paper here
  • Preißer, W. 2008. Kleine Schlangen. Bede Verlag, 96 pp.
  • Reynolds, R. Graham and Robert W. Henderson 2018. Boas of the World (Superfamily Booidae): A Checklist With Systematic, Taxonomic, and Conservation Assessments. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology Sep 2018, Vol. 162, No. 1: 1-58. - get paper here
  • Schmidt, Dieter 2010. Vermehrung und Zucht von Riesenschlangen. Draco 11 (44): 4-17 - get paper here
  • Seung Hoon, Cha 2012. Snake, the world most beautifull curve [in Korean]. Hownext, 304 pp. [ISBN 978-89-965656-7-3] - get paper here
  • Spiteri, D.E. 1991. The subspecies of Lichanura trivirgata: Why the confusion? Bull. Chicago Herp. Soc. 26: 153-156 - get paper here
  • Spiteri, David G. 1993. The current taxonomy and captive breeding of the rosy boa (Lichanura trivirgata). Vivarium 5 (3): 18-21;27;34
  • Stebbins,R.C. 1985. A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians, 2nd ed. Houghton Mifflin, Boston
  • Stejneger, Leonhard 1889. Description of two new species of snakes from California. Proc. US Natl. Mus. 12 (766): 95-99 - get paper here
  • Stejneger, Leonhard 1891. On the snakes of the Californian genus Lichanura. Proc. US Natl. Mus. 14 (878): 511-515 - get paper here
  • Switak, Karl H. 1997. Zwergboas Nordamerikas: in Natur und Terrarium. TI Magazin (138): 39-44
  • Taylor, Edward Harrison 1938. Notes on the herpetological fauna of the Mexican state of Sonora. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 24 (19): 475-503 [1936] - get paper here
  • Turner, Frederick B. 1959. New localities for Lichanura roseofusca gracia in Inyo County, California. Copeia 1959 (2): 172 - get paper here
  • Van Denburgh,J. 1895. A review of the herpetology of Lower California. Part I - Reptiles. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. (2) 5: 77-163 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Werning, Heiko 2012. Die Reptilien und Amphibien des Südwestens. Draco 13 (50): 18-60 - get paper here
  • Wood, Dustin A.; Robert N. Fisher and Tod W. Reeder 2008. Novel patterns of historical isolation, dispersal, and secondary contact across Baja California in the Rosy Boa (Lichanura trivirgata). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 46 (2): 484-502 - get paper here
  • Yingling R P 1982. Lichanura Cope. Rosy boa. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles ( 294: 1-2 - get paper here
 
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