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Liolaemus vulcanus QUINTEROS & ABDALA, 2011

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Higher TaxaLiolaemidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymLiolaemus vulcanus QUINTEROS & ABDALA 2011
Liolaemus dorbignyi — PETERS & DONOSO-BARROS 1970 (part)
Liolaemus dorbignyi — LOBO & ABDALA 2001
Liolaemus vulcanus — ABDALA et al. 2013 
DistributionNW Argentina (Catamarca)

Type locality: Pocitos y Loma Cortada, Suroeste de Los Nacimientos, Dpto. Antofagasta de la Sierra, Catamarca.  
Reproductionviviparous (not imputed, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: FML 01169. O. Pagaburo, Col. 01/12/81. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Liolaemus vulcanus belongs to the L. montanus series (Schulte et al., 2000) because it has a blade- like process in tibia (Etheridge, 1995), associated to a greatly hypertrophied M. tibialis anticus (Abdala et al., 2006). It differs from all the members of the L. boulengeri group due to the lack of a enlarged patch of scales on the posterior thighs (Etheridge, 1995; Abdala, 2007). Compared to the species of the montanus groups that lack the enlarged patch of scales, Liolaemus vulcanus is a robust lizard (Max SVL = 97 mm) differing from L. andinus Koslowsky, L. audituvelatus, L. disjunctus, L. eleodori Cei, Etheridge, & Videla, L. erroneus, L. etheridgei Lau- rent, L. fabiani, L. famatinae Cei, L. fittkaui Laurent, L. griseus Laurent, L. huacahuasicus Laurent, L. insolitus, L. islugensis Ortiz & Marquet, L. molinai, L. montanus Koslowsky, L. multicolor Kowslowsky, L. orko Abdala & Quinteros, L. ortizi, L. pantherinus, L. poconchilensis, L. poecilochromus Laurent, L. pulcherrimus Laurent, L. reichei Werner, L. rosenmanni, L. ruibali Donoso Barros, L. signifer Duméril & Bibron and L. vallecurensis Pereyra which are smaller (SVL between 50–76 mm). Liolaemus vulcanus shows laminar, sub-imbricated, and smooth or slightly keeled dorsal scales; it differentiates from L. andinus, L. audituvelatus, L. cazianiae Lobo, Slodki & Valdecantos, L. erguetae, L. erroneus, L. forsteri Laurent, L. halonastes Lobo, Slodki & Valdecantos, L. insolitus, L. islugensis, L.molinai, L. patriciaiturrae, L. poecilochromus L. robertoi, L. rosenmanni, and L. schmidti Marx which have juxtaposed and smooth dorsal scales. The dorsal scales differentiate the new species from L. aymararum, L. disjunctus, L. dorbignyi Koslowsky, L. etheridgei, L. fittkaui, L. huacahuasicus, L. huayra Abdala, Quinteros & Espinoza, L. montanus, L. orko, L. ortizi, L. polystictus Laurent, L. stolzmanni Steindachner, L. thom- asi, and L. williamsi which exhibit imbricated (but strongly keeled) dorsal scales and from L. chlorostictus Laurent, L. jamesi Boulenger, L. orientalis Müller, L. poconchilensis, L. robustus, L. signifer and L. stolzmanni which have slightly keeled but juxtaposed dorsal scales. The number of scales around midbody in L. vulcanus (50–63) is lower than L. andinus, L. cazianiae, L. disjunctus, L. duellmani, L. erguetae, L. eleodori, L. foxi, L. halonastes, L. inti Abdala, Quinteros & Espinoza, L. islugensis, L. molinai, L. multicolor, L. nigriceps Philipi, L. patriciaiturrae, L. pulcherrimus, L. poecilochromus, L. pleopholis, L. robertoi, L. rosenmanni, L. ruibali, L. signifer and, L. vallecu- rensis (64–110). Females of L. vulcanus exhibit precloacal pores; this character state differs from L. andinus, L. audituvelatus, L. aymararum, L. duellmani, L. fabiani, L. griseus, L. hajeki, L. i. islugensis, L. jamesi, L. melano- gaster, L. polystictus, L. puritamensis Núñez & Fox, L. robertoi, L. rosenmanni, L. ruibali, L. s. signifer, L. stolz- manni, and L. vallecurensis, which lack precloacal pores. The dorsal color pattern without spots, distinguish the new species from L. dorbignyi, L. inti, and L. scrocchii Quinteros, Abdala & Lobo. Liolaemus huayra, L. orientalis, and L. orko exhibit supernumerary pores, absent in L. vulcanus [from QUINTEROS & ABDALA 2011]. 
Comment 
EtymologyVulcanus is a Latin word for Vulcan, god of fire. Liolaemus vulcanus exhibits an orange-red coloration in the body. 
References
  • Abdala, Cristian Simón; Marcos Maximiliano Paz & Romina Valeria Semhan 2013. Nuevo Liolaemus (Iguania: Liolaemidae) con novedoso carácter morfológico, de la frontera entre Argentina y Chile. Rev. Biol. Trop. 61 (4): 1563-1584 - get paper here
  • AVILA, LUCIANO JAVIER; LORENA ELIZABETH MARTINEZ & MARIANA MORANDO 2013. Checklist of lizards and amphisbaenians of Argentina: an update. Zootaxa 3616 (3): 201–238 - get paper here
  • Nori, Javier; Romina Semhan, Cristian Simón Abdala, Octavio Rojas-Soto 2021. Filling Linnean shortfalls increases endemicity patterns: conservation and biogeographical implications for the extreme case of Liolaemus (Liolaemidae, Squamata) species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194 92): 592–600 - get paper here
  • QUINTEROS, ANDRÉS SEBASTIÁN & CRISTIAN SIMÓN ABDALA 2011. A new species of Liolaemus of the Liolaemus montanus section (Iguania: Liolaemidae) from Northwestern Argentina. Zootaxa 2789: 35–48 - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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