Liolaemus kulinko ABDALA, CHAFRAT, CHAPARRO, PROCHERET, VALDES, LANNUTTI, PEREZ & QUINTEROS, 2023
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Liolaemus kulinko
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| Higher Taxa | Liolaemidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards) |
| Subspecies | |
| Common Names | |
| Synonym | Liolaemus kulinko ABDALA, CHAFRAT, CHAPARRO, PROCHERET, VALDES, LANNUTTI, PEREZ & QUINTEROS 2023: 140 |
| Distribution | ARGENTINA (Neuquén) Type locality: ARGENTINA, Neuquén, Añelo, Bajo Añelo from south of Route 7, on the way to Aguada Pichana; 38°14′57.87′′ S, 68°56′37.38′′ W; elevation 321 m. |
| Reproduction | |
| Types | Holotype: MPCN-H-469, ♂; 9 Mar. 2021; I. Procheret and P. Chafrat leg. Paratypes (12 specimens): ARGENTINA – Neuquén, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; 38°14′57.82′′ S, 68°56′37.55′′ W; alt. 321 m; 2 Feb. 2021; C. Abdala, P. Chafrat and I. Procheret leg.; MPCN-H-456–457, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; 37°59′45.32′′ S, 69° 7′51.53′′ W; alt. 286 m; 2 Feb. 2021; C. Abdala, P. Chafrat and I. Procheret leg.; MPCN-H-458, 1 ♂; same collection data as for holotype; 38°20′42.28′′ S, 69°4′46.55′′ W; alt. 374 m; 2 Feb. 2021; C. Abdala, P. Chafrat and I. Procheret leg.; MPCN-H-459, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype;8°14′57.82′′ S, 68°56′37.55′′ W; alt. 321 m; 9 Feb. 2021; P. Chafrat and I. Procheret leg.; MPCN-H-468, 1 ♀, 1 ♂; same collection data as for holotype; 38°14′57.82′′ S, 68°56′37.55′′ W; alt. 319 m; 9 Feb. 2021; P. Chafrat and I. Procheret leg; MPCN-H-470–471, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; 37°59′45.32′′ S, 69° 7′51.53′′ W; alt. 286 m; 9 Feb. 2021; P. Chafrat and I. Procheret leg.; MPCN-H-472, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; 38°25′43.7′′ S, 69o09′31.3′′ W; alt. 433 m; 7 February 2021; P. Chafrat, A. Planchart, L. Retamal and D. Ubieta leg.; MPCN-H-473–474, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; 38°24′33.41′′ S, 69° 8′15.91′′ W; alt. 402 m; 2 Feb. 2021; C. Abdala, P. Chafrat and I. Procheret leg.; MPCN-H-476, 1 ♂; same collection data as for holotype;38°24′32.79′′ S, 69° 8′24.96′′ W; alt. 405 m; 2 Feb. 2021; by C. Abdala, P. Chafrat and I. Procheret leg.; MPCN-H-477. |
| Diagnosis | Diagnosis: Liolaemus kulinko sp. nov. belongs to the section of Liolaemus montanus Koslowsky, 1898 of the Liolaemus boulengeri group (Abdala 2007; Abdala et al. 2021c) because it has a patch of enlarged scales on the posterior aspect of the thigh (Etheridge 1995; Abdala 2007) (Fig. 1D). Within the group of L. boulengeri it belongs to the clade of L. melanops, subclade of L. goetschi, and L. cuyanus complex because it has light blue scales on the flanks of the body and tail, a black margin on the posterior border of the paravertebral spots, four to six scales in contact with mental scale (Fig. 1E), presence of a melanic gular ring, evident scapular spots, and the same body shape and similar lepidosis (Abdala 2007; Abdala et al. 2012b, 2021c). It differs from the species of the clades of L. anomalus and L. darwinii by having posterior teeth with crowns of expanded edges and four to six scales in contact with mental scale. It also differs from the species of the clade L. anomalus (Abdala & Juárez Heredia, 2013) (Liolaemus acostai Abdala & Juárez-Heredia, 2013, L. anomalus, L. ditatadi Cei, 1983, L. lentus Gallardo, 1966, L. millcayac Abdala & Juárez-Heredia, 2013, L. pipanaco Abdala & Juárez-Heredia, 2013 and L. pseudoanomalus Cei, 1981) by having less developed palpebral strap or ‘comb’, males with a greater number of precloacal pores, a greater relationship between snout–vent length (SVL) and the tail length (TL). Liolaemus kulinko sp. nov. also differs from the species of the clade of L. darwinii (Abdala, 2007) (L. abaucan Etheridge, 1993, L. calchaqui Lobo & Kretzschmar, 1996, L. chacoensis Shreve, 1948, L. cinereus Monguillot, Cabrera, Acosta & Villavicencio, 2006, L. crepuscularis Abdala & Diaz Gómez, 2006, L. darwinii, L. diaguita Abdala, Quinteros, Arias, Portelli & Palavecino, 2011, L. espinozai Abdala, 2005, L. grosseorum Etheridge, 2001, L. koslowskyi Etheridge, 1993, L. laurenti Etheridge, 1992, L. lavillai Abdala & Lobo, 2006, L. messi Ruiz, Quipildor, Ruiz-Monachesi, Escalante, Valdecantos & Lobo, 2021, L. montanezi Cabrera & Monguillot, 2006, L. olongasta Etheridge, 1993, L. ornatus Koslowsky, 1898, L. pacha Juárez Heredia, Robles & Halloy, 2013, L. quilmes Etheridge, 1993, and L. uspallatensis Macola & Castro, 1982) in having less evident sexual dichromatism, fewer precloacal pores in males, and a clearly different dorsal coloration pattern. It differs from the species of the clade L. wiegmannii (Etheridge 2000) (L. arambarensis Verrastro, Veronese, Bujes & Martins Dias Filho, 2003, L. azarai Ávila, 2003, L. cranwelli (Donoso-Barros, 1973), L. cuyumhue, L. lutzae Mertens, 1938, L. multimaculatus (Duméril & Bibron, 1837), L. occipitalis Boulenger, 1885, L. rabinoi (Cei, 1974), L. riojanus (Cei, 1979), L. salinicola Laurent, 1986, L. scapularis Laurent, 1982, and L. wiegmannii) in having one row of loreolabial scales (never two or three). Within the L. melanops group, L. kulinko sp. nov. differs from L. dumerili Abdala, Semhan, Moreno Azocar, Bonino, Paz & Cruz, 2012, L. josei Abdala, 2005, L. martorii Abdala, 2003 and L. loboi Abdala, 2003 by having a longer SVL, the presence of an evident antehumeral arch, and greater number of dorsal scales. It differs from L. tromen Abdala, Semhan, Moreno Azocar, Bonino, Paz & Cruz, 2012 by having a greater number of scales around the body, greater number of dorsal scales, and less ventral melanism. It differs from the Liolaemus telsen subclade (Abdala 2007; Abdala et al. 2021c) (L. boulengeri, L. inacayali Abdala, 2003, L. purul Abdala, Semhan, Moreno Azócar, Bonino, Paz & Cruz, 2012, L. senguer Abdala, 2005, L. tehuelche Abdala, 2003, and L. telsen Cei & Scolaro, 1999) in having a greater SVL, four to six scales in contact with mental scales and a clearly different dorsal coloration pattern. It differs from the L. rothi subclade (Abdala 2007; Abdala et al. 2021c) (L. hermannunezi Pincheira-Donoso, Scolaro & Schulte, 2007, L. sagei Etheridge & Christie, 2003, L. sitesi Ávila, Olave, Perez, Perez & Morando, 2013, and L. rothi Koslowsky, 1898) by having light blue scales on the flanks of the body and tail, four to six scales in contact with the mental scale, and a clearly different dorsal and ventral coloration pattern. It differs from the L. fitzingerii complex (Abdala 2007; Abdala et al. 2021c) (L. camarones Abdala, Díaz-Gómez & Juarez-Heredia, 2012, L. canqueli Cei, 1975, L. casamiquelai Ávila, Perez, Morando & Sites, 2010, L. chehuachekenk Ávila, Morando & Sites, 2008, L. fitzingerii (Duméril & Bibron, 1873), L. melanops, L. morenoi Etheridge & Christie, 2003, L. shehuen Abdala, Díaz-Gómez & Juarez-Heredia, 2012, and L. xanthoviridis Cei & Scolaro, 1980) in having a shorter SVL, less ventral melanism, four to six scales in contact with mental scales, and a clearly different dorsal coloration pattern. Within the L. cuyanus complex, it differs from L. calliston, L. donosobarrosi, L. hugoi, and L. tirantii by having a greater SVL, four to six scales in contact with the mental scales, and a clearly different dorsal coloration pattern. It differs from L. cuyanus, and L. puelche by having a smaller SVL, four to six scales in contact with mental scale, presence of light blue scales in males and evident sexual dichromatism. It differs from L. goetschi by having a greater SVL, more evident sexual dichromatism, presence of an antehumeral arch, a greater quantity of light blue scales, greater number of scales around the body, greater number of dorsal scales, and fewer ventral scales. It differs from L. mapuche by having a greater number of dorsal scales between the occiput and the level of the anterior aspect of the thigh (90–96 vs 70–86), a greater number of loreolabial scales (8–10 vs 6–7), lower number of gular scales (22–25 vs 25–35), greater number of dorsal scales on the head (16–18 vs 13–16), a smooth head surface in L. kulinko sp. nov. but a wrinkled head surface in L. mapuche, and the absence of precloacal pores in females and up to six in L. mapuche. The color of the head differs in males of L. kulinko sp. nov., that varies from light brown to gray, while in L. mapuche it is generally blue or light blue (although in some individuals there is the light gray color) and the pattern of body coloration in paravertebral and posterolateral spots of males in L. mapuche does not fade as they do in L. kulinko sp. nov. (Figs 2–4, see Table 1 for more differences.) (Abdala et al. 2023) |
| Comment | Distribution: see map in Abdala et al. 2023: 150 (Fig. 5). |
| Etymology | Named after “kulinko”, meaning ‘aguada’ in the language of the Mapuche, a group of indigenous inhabitants of south-central Chile and southwestern Argentina, including parts of Patagonia, and refers to the place where the species lives, “Aguada Pichana”. |
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