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Liolaemus multiformis (COPE, 1875)

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Higher TaxaLiolaemidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymProctotretus multiformis COPE 1875: 178
Proctotretus multiformis — COPE 1878: 35
Liolaemus multiformis COPE 1876 (fide LAURENT 1992)
Liolaemus multiformis — BOULENGER 1885: 153
Liolaemus tropidonotus BOULENGER 1902: 397
Liolaemus multiformis multiformis — SHREVE 1941
Liolaemus multiformis — DONOSO-BARROS 1966: 517
Liolaemus tropidonotus — LANGSTROTH 2005
Liolaemus multiformis — LANGSTROTH 2021

from L. signifer (now = multiformis fide Lanstroth 2021)
Proctotretus signifer DUMÈRIL & BIBRON 1837: 288 (nomen dubium)
Proctotretus Signifer — DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 269
Liolaemus signifer — DONOSO-BARROS 1966: 329
Liolaemus signifer — PETERS et al. 1970: 194
Liolaemus signifer — DIRKSEN & DE LA RIVA 1999
Liolaemus (Eulaemus) signifer — RAMIREZ LEYTON & PINCHEIRA-DONOSO 2005: 142
Liolaemus signifer — AGUILAR-PUNTRIANO et al. 2019 
DistributionW Bolivia, S Peru

Type locality: apparently not given; Burt and Burt (1931: 277) consider specimens from Juliaca, Puno, to be topotypical specimens of L. m. multiformis.  
Reproductionovovivparous. 
TypesLectotype: ANSP 13064, designated by Laurent 1992; Syntypes, now paralectotypes: ANSP 13065, 11369-70, 13098, 13104
Holotype: MNHN-RA 6860 (for a history of this specimen see Langstroth 2021); Other specimens: MUSM, BYU, FMNH. Syntypes: (6) ANSP 13064-65, 11369-70, 13098, 13104 [signifer] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (3238 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSynonymy: Langstroth 2021 revalidated L. multiformis and applied the name to a clade identified as Liolaemus signifer in Aguilar-Puntriano et al. (2018), with Liolaemus tropidonotus as a synonym. Donoso-Barros 1966 assigned the Liolaemus from the Antofagasta Region to L. m. multiformis, but Núñez and Fox (1989) identified these specimens as L. puritamensis. Veloso et al. (1982) reported L. multiformis from Pampa Chucuyo in the Arica y Parinacota Region, specimens that Laurent (1998) would later describe as L. pleopholis.

Distribution: see map in Langstroth 2021: 124 (Fig. 6). 
EtymologyNamed after Latin multiformis, having many shapes. [“...This species varies considerably in coloration...”]. (from Esteban Lavilla, pers. comm., May 2024) 
References
  • Abdala CS, Aguilar-Kirigin AJ, Semhan RV, Bulacios Arroyo AL, Valdes J, Paz MM, et al. 2019. Description and phylogeny of a new species of Liolaemus (Iguania: Liolaemidae) endemic to the south of the Plurinational State of Bolivia. PLoS ONE 14(12): e0225815 - get paper here
  • Abdala, C.S.; S. Quinteros & R.E. Espinoza 2008. Two new species of Liolaemus (iguania: Liolaemidae) from the Puna of Northwestern Argentina. Herpetologica 64 (4): 458–471 - get paper here
  • Abdala, Cristian Simón; Marcos Maximiliano Paz & Romina Valeria Semhan 2013. Nuevo Liolaemus (Iguania: Liolaemidae) con novedoso carácter morfológico, de la frontera entre Argentina y Chile. Rev. Biol. Trop. 61 (4): 1563-1584 - get paper here
  • Aguilar, Cesar; Perry L. Wood Jr, Mark C. Belk, Mike H. Duff and Jack W. Sites Jr 2016. Different roads lead to Rome: Integrative taxonomic approaches lead to the discovery of two new lizard lineages in the Liolaemus montanus group (Squamata: Liolaemidae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, DOI: 10.1111/bij.12890 - get paper here
  • Aguilar-Puntriano, César, César Ramírez , Ernesto Castillo, Alejandro Mendoza, Victor J. Vargas and Jack W. Sites, Jr. 2019. Three New Lizard Species of the Liolaemus montanus Group from Perú. Diversity 11(9): 161 - get paper here
  • Aguilar-Puntriano, César; Esther B. Salazar 2021. Comentarios y adiciones sobre especies recientemente descritas del grupo Liolaemus montanus procedentes de Perú. Cuadernos de Herpetología 35 (S1): 91-100
  • Boettger, Oskar 1891. Reptilien und Batrachier aus Bolivien. Zool. Anz. 14: 343-347 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 2, Second edition. London, xiii+497 pp. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, George A. 1901. Further descriptions of new reptiles collected by Mr. P. O. Simons in Peru and Bolivia. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (7) 7 (42): 546-549 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, George A. 1902. Descriptions of new batrachians and reptiles from the Andes of Peru and Bolivia [Elaps regularis not assigned]. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (7) 10 (59): 394-402 - get paper here
  • Cei,J.M., Lescure,J. & Ortiz,J.C. 1980. Redécouverte de l’holotype de Proctotretus signifer DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1837 (Reptilia, Iguanidae). Bull. Mus. natl. Hist. nat. Paris (4) 2 (3): 919-925
  • Chaparro JC, Quiroz AJ, Mamani L, Gutiérrez RC, Condori P, De la Riva I, Herrera-Juárez G, Cerdeña J, Arapa LP, Abdala CS. 2020. An endemic new species of Andean lizard of the genus Liolaemus from southern Peru (Iguania: Liolaemidae) and its phylogenetic position. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 14(2) [General Section]: 47–63 (e238)
  • Cope, E.D. 1875. Report on the Reptiles brought by Professor James Orton from the middle and upper Amazon and western Peru. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia N.S. (2) 8: 159-183 [sometimes thought to be published 1876 but see Murphy et al. 2007 for clarification] - get paper here
  • Cope, E.D. 1878. Synopsis of the cold blooded Vertebrata, procured by Prof. James Orton, during his exploration of Peru in 1876-77. Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 17: 33-49 [1877] - get paper here
  • Demangel, Diego 2016. Reptiles en Chile. Fauna Nativa Ediciones, Santiago, 619 pp - get paper here
  • Dirksen, L. & De la Riva, I. 1999. The lizards and amphisbaenians of Bolivia (Reptilia, Squamata): checklist, localities, and bibliography. Graellsia 55: 199-215 - get paper here
  • Duméril, A. M. C. and G. Bibron. 1837. Erpétologie Générale ou Histoire Naturelle Complete des Reptiles. Vol. 4. Libr. Encyclopédique Roret, Paris, 570 pp. - get paper here
  • Duméril, A. M.C., G. BIBRON & A. DUMÉRIL 1854. Erpétologie générale ou Histoire Naturelle complète des Reptiles. Vol. 9. Paris, XX + 440 S. - get paper here
  • Engbretson, G.A. & V.H. Hutchison 1976. Erythrocyte Count, Hematocrit and Hemoglobin Content in the Lizard Liolaemus multiformis Copeia 1976 (1): 186. - get paper here
  • Gallardo, Jose M. 1971. Algunos ideas sobre la zoogeografia de los saurios patagonicos. Revista Museo Argentino De Ciencias Naturales Bernadino Rivadavia 1 (4): 135-146
  • Gutierrez, Roberto; Chaparro, Juan Carlos; Vásquez, Meylin Y.; Quiroz, Aarón Josue; Aguilar Kirigin, Álvaro; Abdala, Cristian Simon 2018. Descripción y relaciones filogenéticas de una nueva especie de Liolaemus (Iguania: Liolaemidae) y notas sobre el grupo de L. montanus de Perú. Cuad. herpetol. 32 (2): 81-99 - get paper here
  • Hellmich, W. 1962. Bemerkungen zur individuellen Varibialität von Liolaemus multiformis (Cope). (Iguanidae.). Opuscula Zoologica 67: 1-10.
  • Langstroth, R.P. 2005. Adiciones probables y confirmadas para la saurofauna boliviana. Kempffiana 1 (1): 101-128
  • Langstroth, Roberto Plotkin 2021. The identities of Liolaemus signifer (Duméril & Bibron 1837), L. pantherinus Pellegrin 1909, L. schmidti (Marx 1960), and L. erroneus (Núñez & Yáñez 1984 “1983-1984”) (Squamata: Liolaemidae). Cuadernos de Herpetología 35 (S1): 111-168
  • Laurent R F 1992. On some overlooked species of the genus Liolaemus Wiegmann (Reptilia Tropiduridae) from Peru. Breviora (494): 1-33 - get paper here
  • Lehr, E. 2002. Amphibien und Reptilien in Peru. Natur und Tier-Verlag (Münster), 208 pp. - get paper here
  • Lobo, F.; Espinoza, R.E. and S. Quinteros 2010. A critical review and systematic discussion of recent classification proposals for liolaemid lizards. Zootaxa 2549: 1–30 - get paper here
  • MURPHY R. W., SMITH A. and NGO A. 2007. The versions of Cope's Batrachia and Reptilia of Costa Rica. Bibliotheca Herpetologica 7 (1): - get paper here
  • Núñez, H. and A. Veloso 2001. Distribución geográfica de las especies de lagartos de la región de Antofagasta, Chile. Bol. Mus. Nac.Hist. Nat. 50: 109-120
  • Pearson, O.P. 1954. Habits of the lizard Liolaemus multiformis multiformis at high altitudes in southern Peru Copeia 1954 (2): 111-116. - get paper here
  • Pearson, O.P. & D.F. Bradford 1976. Thermoregulation of lizards and toads at high altitudes in Peru Copeia 1976 (1): 155-170. - get paper here
  • Pellegrin,J. 1909. Description de cinq lézards nouveaux des hauts-plateaux du Pérou et de la Bolivie, appartenant au genre Liolaemus. Bull. Mus. natl. Hist. nat. Paris 6: 324-329 - get paper here
  • Ramírez Leyton, G. & Pincheira Donoso, D. 2005. Fauna del Altiplano y Desierto de Atacama. Phrynosaura Ediciones, 395 pp.
  • Rendahl, H. 1937. Einige Reptilien aus Ecuador und Bolivia. Ark. Zool. 29 (13): 1-19.
  • Reyes-Olivares, C. and Labra, A. 2017. Emission of sounds by native lizards of Chile: the state of the art. Boletín Chileno de Herpetología. 4: 1-9 - get paper here
  • Salas, Antonio W. 1995. HERPETOFAUNA PERUANA: UNA VISION PANORAMICA SOBRE INVESTIGACION, CONSERVACION Y MANEJO. Biotempo 2: 125 - get paper here
  • Shreve, Benjamin 1941. Notes on Ecuadorian and Peruvian reptiles and amphibians with description of new forms. Proc. New England zool. Club 18: 71-83
  • Stejneger, Leonhard 1913. Results of the Yale Peruvian Expedition of 1911.—Batrachians and reptiles. Proc. US. Natl. Mus. 45 (1992): 541-547 - get paper here
  • Troncoso-Palacios, J 2014. Revision of the geographic distribution of three species of the montanus group of Liolaemus Wiegmann, 1834 (Reptilia: Squamata: Liolaemidae). Check List 10 (1):221-229 - get paper here
 
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