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Liolaemus cyaneinotatus MARTINEZ, AVILA, PEREZ, PEREZ, SITES & MORANDO, 2011

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Higher TaxaLiolaemidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymLiolaemus cyaneinotatus MARTINEZ, AVILA, FULVIO PEREZ, PEREZ, SITES & MORANDO 2011 
DistributionArgentina (Neuquén)

Type locality: Auca Mahuida (37° 41’ S, 68° 48’ W, 1332 m elevation), Pehuenches Department, Neuquén Province, Argentina  
Reproductionoviparous (not imputed, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: MLP S 2618 (Fig. 1), an adult male, C. Perez collector, 28 March 2008. Paratypes.— MLP.S 2619 to 2622, LJAMM-CNP 10381, 10388 (females), LJAMM-CNP 10382-85, 10387 (male) (37° 41’ S, 68° 48’ W, 1332 m), C. Perez collector, 28 March 2008; LJAMM-CNP 10389 (male) (37° 43’ S, 68° 53’ W, 1757 m), C. Perez collector, 28 March 2008; LJAMM-CNP 10551 (male) and LJAMM-CNP 10552 (female), from Auca Mahuida (37° 43’ S, 68o 55’ W, 1983 m), C. Perez collector, 28 March 2008. All localities are on Auca Mahuida Volcano, Pehuenches Department, Neuquén Province, Argentina. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Liolaemus cyaneinotatus is a small, slender lizard, included in the alticolor-bibronii group (Lobo et al. 2010). The new species differs from L. araucaniensis, L. bibronii, L. curicencis, L. fuscus, and L. lemniscatus in having conspicuous cyan spots irregularly distributed in dorsal and lateral areas of the body. Liolaemus arau- caniensis has a greenish background coloration, with well developed but irregular and sometimes fused dorsolat- eral transversal marks, some fused with the vertebral line, a pattern never present in L. cyaneinotatus. Liolaemus cyaneinotatus is a slightly smaller species than L. curicensis (maximum SVL 59.0 mm vs 64.2 mm) and L. arau- caniensis (maximum SVL 60.9); both species have higher mean of snout-vent length (60.9 mm and 60.4 mm vs. 51.0 mm) and higher mean of distance from axilla–groin (27.2 mm and 28.8 mm vs. 21.7 mm). Liolaemus arau- caniensis, L. curicensis and L. lemniscatus have higher mean tail length than L. cyaneinotatus (104.3 mm, 112.5 mm, and 105.0 mm vs. 82.3 mm). Vertebral line is absent in Liolaemus lemniscatus unlike the new species. Liolae- mus cyaneinotatus differs from L. araucaniensis, L. curicensis, L. fuscus, L. gracilis and L. lemniscatus in having a higher maximum number of scales around midbody (68 vs. 58, 56, 53, 44 and 58 respectively); L. curicensis has a greater maximum number of fourth toe infradigital lamellae on the hind foot (27 vs 24) (Table 1). Liolaemus cya- neinotatus differs from L. gracilis in having higher mean number of scales in the following characters: dorsal scales (62.2 vs. 51.2), dorsal head scales (12 vs. 11.5), scales around interparietal (6.6 vs. 5.9), enlarged supraocu- lars (6.1 vs. 5.9), number of temporals (7.2 vs. 6.4), number of gulars (28.9 vs. 25.3), scales around nasal (6.8 vs. 6.4) and infradigital lamellae of 4th toe of the hind foot (23.1 vs. 21.8). Liolaemus gracilis have always well marked dorsolateral white stripes and usually lacks of paravertebral markings. Liolaemus bibronii have always well marked black vertebral and dorsolateral lines, as well as a pattern of paravertebral markings well defined and larger than L. cyaneinotatus; never have brilliant cyan scales dispersed in dorsal and lateral areas, and general background coloration is always dark, almost black in some individuals, without orange or yellow-orange clear coloration as L. cyaneinotatus. Mean of scales counts are higher in L. cyaneinotatus than L. bibronii in: dorsal head scale (10.75 vs. 13.07), enlarged supraoculars (3.95 vs. 4.60), scales between rostral and frontal (4.84 vs. 5.40) and infradigital lamellae of 4th toe of the foot (21.93 vs. 23.07). Liolaemus cyaneinotatus have lower mean number of gulars scales (30.29 vs. 28.67), neck scales (16.27 vs. 14.67), and loreolabials scales (6.40 vs 5.60) than L. bibronii (Tables 2 and 3 in MARTINEZ et al. 2011). 
Comment 
EtymologySpecific epithet is in reference to the cyan dots present in adult males in dorsolateral areas of the body, (cyanei = cyan; notatus = dotted). 
References
  • Abdala, Cristian Simón; Andrés Sebastián Quinteros, and Romina Valeria Semham 2015. A New Species of Liolaemus of the Liolaemus alticolor-bibronii Group (Iguania: Liolaemidae) from Mendoza, Argentina. South American J. Herp. 10 (2): 104-115, doi: 10.2994/SAJH-D-14-00033.1 - get paper here
  • AVILA, LUCIANO JAVIER; LORENA ELIZABETH MARTINEZ & MARIANA MORANDO 2013. Checklist of lizards and amphisbaenians of Argentina: an update. Zootaxa 3616 (3): 201–238 - get paper here
  • BRIZIO, M. V., MINOLI, I., PÉREZ, D. R., & AVILA, L. J. 2023. Reptiles of the Auca Mahuida natural protected area, Argentina. Rev. Mus. Argentino Cienc. Nat., n.s. 25(1): 133-142 - get paper here
  • MARTINEZ, LORENA ELIZABETH; LUCIANO JAVIER AVILA, CRISTIAN HERNAN FULVIO PEREZ, DANIEL ROBERTO PEREZ, JACK W. SITES, JR. & MARIANA MORANDO 2011. A new species of Liolaemus (Squamata, Iguania, Liolaemini) endemic to the Auca Mahuida volcano, northwestern Patagonia, Argentina. Zootaxa 3010: 31–46 - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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