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Liolaemus reichei (WERNER, 1907)

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Higher TaxaLiolaemidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Stolzmann's Pacific Iguana, Stolzmann's lizard
S: Lagartija de Stolzmann 
SynonymPhrynosaura reichei WERNER 1907: 151
Phrynosaura reichei — DONOSO-BARROS 1958
Ctenoblepharis reichei — DONOSO-BARROS 1972: 132
Ctenoblepharis reichei — CEI 1979: 297
Phrynosaura reichei — LAURENT 1984
Liolaemus reichei — ETHERIDGE 1995: 34
Liolaemus reichei — ETHERIDGE & ESPINOZA 2000: 8
Liolaemus reichei — VALLADARES 2004: 43
Phrynosaura reichei — NÚÑEZ & VELOSO 2001
Liolaemus reichei — PYRON & BURBRINK 2013
Liolaemus reichei — HUAMANI-VALDERRAMA et al. 2020
Liolaemus reichei — QUIROZ et al. 2021
Liolaemus reichei — VALLADARES-FAÚNDEZ et al. 2018 
DistributionPeru, Chile

Type locality: “Iquique” fide WEner 1907; “Oasis de Pica” (fide Donoso-Barros 1972); neotype locality: Tarapaca region, Chile.  
Reproductionovovivparous. 
TypesNeotype: CZZA 0300 (Colección Zoológica de Zonas Áridas y Andinas), designated by Valladares-Faundez et al. 2018. Former holotype: MZUC 011736 (Zoology Museum of the University of Concepción), actually a L. cf torresi fide Valladares-Faundez et al. 2018. 
DiagnosisOriginal description: “Los hordes del hocico Ialtan debido a que este es dema siado corto.
Abertura nasal lateral, algo dirijida hucin arriba. Parpa­ do inferior dcntelludo por escamitas triangulares puutiagu­ das (spitzdreiecklg),Las escamas bordeuntes del parpado superior mucho mas cortas.
Abertura auditiva vertical-eliptica, sin denticulacion en su borde antorior.
Escamas de la rejion interorbital i parietal agrandadas.
El gran sub-ocular se encuentra separado de los suprala­biales por una serie de escamitas. Hai 9 suprnalabiales.
Escamas de la nuca mas pequenas que las del dorso. Escamas laterales del cuello granuladas. Escamas en la cara u
perior de las estremidades con prominencias alargadas, pero poco acentuadas en el medic (schwach gekielt).
Escamas del vientre lisas, romboideas, i arregladas visiblemente como las tejas de un tejado; sonn casi tan grandes como las del dorso.Las series trasversales formadas por las escamas ventrales se tocan en la linea mediana del vien­tre, formando angulos agudos, cuyas puntas miran hacia atras.
[below OCR not edited]
La pata posterior nlcanza hasta el contorno posterior del ojo, si se coloea contra el cuerpo i dirijida huciu adelante.
Colaconcirculosdeescamasbienacentuados,lasesca,
mas no son mas grandes que las del dorso, pero muestran
mui bien las prominencias lonjitudinales en cl medio (starck gekielt).
Con 4: poros anales.
Color i dibujo. Con pequenas manchas negras encima del dorso i de la cola. Cara inferior del cuerpo blunquecina.
Largototal8Hmm.;cola4:f>mm.,cabeza12mm.delargo por9mm.deancho.Estremldadosanteriores22mm.,pos­teriores 32 mm. de largo.
Orijinario de Iquique.” (Werner 1907: 151-152).

Diagnosis: Liolemus reichei belongs to the L. montanus group (sensu Etheridge, 1995; Schulte et al., 2000). This species differs from all other species of the L. montanus group placed in the L. boulengeri subgroup by the absence of a patch of enlarged scales on the posterior thigh of the hind limb (Etheridge, 1995; Abdala, 2007). In relation of the remaining species in the L. montanus group, L. reichei differs from L. annectens, L. cazianae, L. chlorostictus, L. disjunctus, L. dorbignyi, L. duellmani, L. eleodori, L. erguetae, L. erroneus, L. etheridgei, L. fabiani, L. famatinae, L. filiorum, L. fittkaui, L. forsteri, L. foxi, L. gracielae, L. griseus, L. hajeki, L. halonastes, L. huacahuasicus, L. huayra, L. insolitus, L. inti, L. islugensis, L. jamesi, L. juanortizi, L. lopezi, L. melanogaster, L.montanus, L. multicolor, L. orientalis, L. orko, L. ortizi, L. pachecoi, L. pantherinus, L. pleopholis, L. poecilochromus, L. polystictus, L. pulcherrimus, L. puritamensis, L. robertoi, L. robustus, L. ruibali, L. scrocchii, L. signifer, L. thomasi, L. vallecurensis, L. vulcanus, and L. williamsi by a combination of characters: prominent ciliary scales; diameter of eye greater than length between anterior border of eye and rostral; external auditory meatus without projected scales on the anterior edge; jaws isognathus; smooth dorsal scales and juxtaposed; tail shorter than snout- vent length, which are absent in the species mentioned above. Of the species that have flat, smoothly overlapping scales, L. reichei differs from L. andinus, L. audituvelatus, L. manueli, L. molinai, L. nigriceps, L. patriciaiturrae, L. poconchilensis, L. rosenmanni, L. schmidti, and L. torresi because the latter have a higher number of scales around the body (over 70 scales). From L. stolzmanni it differs by having 9 supralabials scales (6 in L. stolzmanni), the interparietal and both parietal head scales large and well formed (relatively small, fragmented and irregular in L. stolzmanni), 8 lorilabials scales (5 in L. stolzmanni), and ventral side strongly variegated (white, immaculate or lightly variegated in L. stolzmanni) (Fig. 2), and by the presence of lateral nuchal skin folds well-developed and complex (lateral fold weak in L. stolzmanni). (Valladares-Faundez et al. 2018). 
CommentSynonymy: LANGSTROTH 2011 concluded that Chilean L. reichei is a synonym of L. stolzmanni, and hence, that L. stolzmanni is a species endemic to Chile, not an element of the fauna of present-day Peru. However, Valladares-Faundez et al. 2018 revalidated reichei as a valid species.

Group: The Liolaemus reichei group includes L. auditvetulaus, balagueri, reichei, insolitus, poconchilensis, torresi, chiribaya, nazca, and anqapuka -- but not stolzmanni (HUAMANI-VALDERRAMA et al. 2020). Quiroz et al. 2021 provide a key to the reichei group of species. See VALLADARES-FAÚNDEZ et al. 2021 for a phylogenetic tree of the clade.

Distribution: see also L. stolzmanni. 
References
  • Donoso-Barros, R. 1958. Phrynosaura reichei WERNER 1907, una especie en extinción? Inv. Zool. Chilenas 4: 253-257
  • Huamaní-Valderrama L, Quiroz AJ, Gutiérrez RC, Aguilar-Kirigin A, Huanca-Mamani W, Valladares-Faúndez P, Cerdeña J, Chaparro JC, Santa Cruz R, Abdala CS. 2020. Some color in the desert: description of a new species of Liolaemus (Iguania: Liolaemidae) from southern Peru, and its conservation status. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 14(3) [Taxonomy Section]: 1–30 (e250) - get paper here
  • Laurent,R.F. 1984. On some iguanid genera related to or previously confused with Liolaemus WIEGMANN. Journal of Herpetology 18 (4): 357-373 - get paper here
  • Núñez, H. and A. Veloso 2001. Distribución geográfica de las especies de lagartos de la región de Antofagasta, Chile. Bol. Mus. Nac.Hist. Nat. 50: 109-120
  • Pyron, R. Alexander; Frank T. Burbrink 2013. Early origin of viviparity and multiple reversions to oviparity in squamate reptiles. Ecology Letters 17 (1): 13–21 (published online 2013, in print 2014), DOI: 10.1111/ele.12168 - get paper here
  • Quiroz, A. J., Huamaní-Valderrama, L., Gutiérrez, R. C., Aguilar-Kirigin, Á. J., López-Tejeda, E., Lazo-Rivera, A., ... & Abdala10, C. S. 2021. An Endemic and Endangered New Species of the Lizard Liolaemus montanus Group from Southwestern Peru (Iguania: Liolaemidae), with a Key for the Species of the L. reichei Clade. Zoological Studies, 60 (2021) - get paper here
  • Valladares-Faúndez P, Etheridge R, Abdala CS. 2018. Resurrection and redescription of Liolaemus reichei, proposal of a neotype to stabilize its taxonomy. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 89: 393–401
  • Valladares-Faúndez, P., Franco-León, P., Jove Chipana, C., Navarro Guzmán, M., Ignacio-Apaza, J., Apaza, J. I., ... & Abdala, C. S. 2021. A new lizard of the Liolaemus montanus group that inhabits the hyperarid desert of southern Peru. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 15(2): 10-22 - get paper here
  • Werner, F. 1907. Sobre algunos lagartos nuevos clasificados i descritos. In: Bürger, O. Estudios sobre reptiles chilenos. Anales de la Universidad de Chile, 121:149—155. - get paper here
 
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