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Liopeltis tiomanica SOM, GRISMER, GRISMER, WOOD, QUAH, BROWN, DIESMOS, WEINELL & STUART, 2020

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Higher TaxaColubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymLiopeltis tiomanica SOM, GRISMER, GRISMER, WOOD, QUAH, BROWN, DIESMOS, WEINELL & STUART 2020
Liopeltis tricolor — JL GRISMER et al. 2004: 275 (part)
Liopeltis tricolour [sic] — GRISMER et al. 2006: 178 (part)
Liopeltis tricolor — GRISMER 2011: 203 
DistributionPeninsular Malaysia (Pulau Tioman)

Type locality: Peninsular Malaysia, Pahang State, Pulau Tioman (= Tioman Island), Gunung Kajang trail, 2.77900°N 104.15703°E (Datum WGS84), 618 m elevation.  
Reproduction 
TypesHolotype. LSUHC 5037, adult female (Figs. 2–4 in Som et al. 2020), coll. 11 August 2002 by Jesse L. Grismer, Perry L. Wood, Jr., and L. Lee Grismer. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis. A species of Liopeltis having the combination of the nasal scale fused with the internasal scale; preoculars two; ventrals 161; distinct black lateral cephalic stripe extending from rostral through eye to approximately 30 mm behind neck before fading; four longitudinal stripes on dorsum; and venter immaculate, without stripes.

Color of holotype in life. Dorsal surface of head bronze-brown (Grayish Horn Color 268); chin, supra- labials, and infralabials cream (Cream White 52); black stripe on lateral side of head and neck separates dorsal and ventral coloration, stripe slightly wider than one dorsal scale, extending from rostral though eye to approximately 30 mm posterior to neck, gradually fading; dorsum bronze (Grayish Horn Color 268) with four longitudinal brown (Olive-Brown 278) stripes, two dorsal stripes extending from neck to tail, two lateral stripes extending from area posterior of black head stripe to level of cloacal plate; venter uniform pale cream color (Cream White 52) with small dark spots on ventral scales. See Fig. 2 in Som et al. 2020.

Comparisons. Liopeltis tiomanica sp. nov. differs from all other species of Liopeltis, except its sister taxon L. philippina (Fig. 4), by having the nasal fused with the internasal and four longitudinal stripes on the dorsum (Wei- nell et al. 2019). Liopeltis tiomanica sp. nov. differs from L. philippina by having 161 ventral scales (vs. 139–150 in L. philippina); two preocular scales (vs. one in L. philippina); and a distinct black lateral cephalic stripe (vs. indis- tinct in L. philippina; Fig. 5). Liopeltis tiomanica sp. nov. further differs from the sympatric (and possibly syntopic) L. tricolor by having the prefrontal in contact only with the second supralabial (vs. second and third supralabials in L. tricolor); and immaculate ventral scales (vs. three gray ventral stripes in most L. tricolor). Scalation differences among these three species are summarized in Tables 2 and 3. 
Comment 
EtymologyThe specific epithet refers to the new species’ type and only known locality on the island of Pulau Tioman. The specific epithet is feminine, in agreement with the gender of the genus (Poyarkov et al. 2019). 
References
  • Grismer, Jesse L., L. Lee Grismer, Indraneil Das, Norsham S. Yaakob, Lim Boo Liat, Tzi Ming Leong, Timothy Youmans and Hinrich Kaiser 2004. Species diversity and checklist of the Herpetofauna of Pulau Tioman, Penninsular Malaysia, with a preliminary overview of habitat utilization. Asiatic Herpetological Research 10: 247-279 - get paper here
  • Grismer, L.L. 2011. Amphibians and reptiles of the Seribuat Archipelago. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt, 239 pp.
  • Grismer, L.L.; Youmans, T.M.; Wood, P.L. & Grismer, J.L. 2006. Checklist of the herpetofauna of the Seribuat Archipelago, West Malaysia with comments on biogeography, natural history, and adaptive types. Raffles Bull. Zool. 54 (1): 157-180 - get paper here
  • SOM, HANNAH E.; L. LEE GRISMER, JESSE L. GRISMER, PERRY L. WOOD, JR., EVAN S. H. QUAH, RAFE M. BROWN, ARVIN C. DIESMOS, JEFFREY L. WEINELL & BRYAN L. STUART 2020. A new Liopeltis Fitzinger, 1843 (Squamata: Colubridae) from Pulau Tioman, Peninsular Malaysia. Zootaxa 4766 (3): 472–484 - get paper here
 
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