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Liotyphlops caracasensis (ROZE, 1952)

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Higher TaxaAnomalepididae, Typhlopoidea, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Caracas Blindsnake 
SynonymLiotyphlops caracasensis ROZE 1952: 150
Liotyphlops caracasensis — LINARES-VARGAS et al. 2021
Liotyphlops caracasensis — ANTÚNEZ-FONSECA et al. 2024 
DistributionVenezuela (vicinity of Caracas, Miranda, Mérida, Curaçao

Type locality: Cuartel Urdaneta, Caracas D. F., Venezuela.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: MHNLS 514; other specimens: Venezuela: Caracas CAS 94619– 94620, CM 7345, CM 90256, DEH 10458, DEH 10740, DEH 12096, IBSP 25802, MCZ-R 50747, MHNLS 514, MNRJ 7854, NHM 1976.101, UMMZ 117273; Mérida MNHP 1903–1935, NHM 1903.4.28.11, NHM 1904.6.30.1, NHM 1905.5.31.61; Miranda: MHNLS 514, MHNLS 11824, MHNLS 15550. Curaçao: RMNH 7851, RMNH 19215 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (caracasensis): The original description of L. caracasensis is congruent with the specimens from Colombia, how- ever, in the recent review of L. albirostris which used specimens from Venezuela and Colombia, two diagnostic characters are reported: (a) five or four scales in the first vertical row of dorsal scales, (b) preocular scales absent, (c) ocular scales in contact with prefrontals. An addi- tional character reported by Santos (2018) includes the posterior edge of the prefrontal scale extending beyond the posterior edge of the rostral scale. In his revision, Santos (2018) listed specimens from Venezuela (CM 90256, MHNLS 514, MHNLS 11824) and from Colombia (CM 39565), but not from Panama. Since the second character is not present in any of the specimens from Colombia, it is possible that this character is present in L. caracasensis or that Santos (2018) was referring to a character that is present in Liotyphlops albirostris from Panama. (Linares-Vargas et al. 2021). 
CommentSynonymy: Liotyphlops caracasensis has been considered as a synonym of L. albirostris for most of its history but was revalidated by Linares-Vargas et al. 2021.

Distribution: For a map of localities see Linares-Vargas et al. 2021: 2275: Fig. 8. 
EtymologyNamed after the type locality. 
References
  • ANTÚNEZ-FONSECA, C. A., RAMOS-GALDAMEZ, J. O. S. U. E., SOLÍS, J. M., DIAZ-RICAURTE, J. C., & WILSON, L. D. 2024. A new species of the genus Liotyphlops Peters, 1881 (Serpentes: Anomalepididae) from the Caribbean coast of Honduras. Zootaxa 5543 (1): 97-110 - get paper here
  • Linares-Vargas, C. A., Bolívar-García, W., Herrera-Martínez, A., Osorio-Domínguez, D., Ospina, O. E., Thomas, R., & Daza, J. D. 2021. The status of the anomalepidid snake Liotyphlops albirostris and the revalidation of three taxa based on morphology and ecological niche models. The Anatomical Record, 304( 10), 2264– 2278 - get paper here
  • Roze, J. A. 1952. Contribución al conocimiento de los ofidios de las familias Typhlopidae y Leptotyphlopidae en Venezuela. Mem. Soc. Cien. nat. La Salle, Caracas, 12 (32): 143-158
 
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