Lycodon multifasciatus (MAKI, 1931)

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Higher Taxa	Colubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies
Common Names
Synonym	Dinodon septentrionale multifasciatum MAKI 1931: 128 Lycodon ruhstrati multifasciatus — MORI 1984 Lycodon ruhstrati multifasciatus — GORIS & MAEDA 2004: 236 Lycodon multifasciatus — VOGEL & BRACHTEL 2008 Lycodon multifasciatus — VOGEL et al. 2009 Lycodon multifasciatus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 395
Distribution	Japan (Ryukyu Islands: Yaeyama group (Iriomotejima and Ishigakijima) and Miyako group (Miyakojima)). Type locality: Type locality: “Ishigaki-Oshima, Loo Choo Islands”, now Ishigaki-jima, Yaeyama Islands, Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan.
Reproduction	oviparous.
Types	Holotype: NSMT H02643 (also as KIU) “a” (adult female), College of Science, Kyoto Imperial University. Collected by S. Nishiishigaki, April 1929 (TORIBA 1993)
Diagnosis	Diagnosis: A species of the genus Lycodon, characterized by: (1) a loreal not touching the orbit; (2) 17 dorsal scale rows at the forepart of the body and at midbody; (3) upper dorsal and vertebral rows keeled; (4) 232-237 ventrals in males and 229-235 in females; (5) 115-119 Sc in males and 106117 in females; (6) relative tail length about 0.25 (Mori 1984) in males and about 0.244 (type) in females; (7) 54-80 dark bands on a light body; (8) the first band starting at about Ve 7. This species can be recognized by its pattern, which rather looks like dark rings on a light background rather than the dark background with light rings in other species. It also differs by the number of rings on body (54-80 vs less than 46 in all other species). It has keeled dorsal rows and a higher number of ventral scales than all other species of this complex (229-237, all other species have 228 scales or less). Maxillary teeth are unknown. For a detailed comparisons with other species of Lycodon see Discussion in VOGEL et al. 2009.
Comment	L. (r.) multifasciatus is classified as “near threatened” in Japan (Ota 2000).
References	Goris, R.C. & Maeda, N. 2004. Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Japan. Krieger, Malabar, 285 pp. Janssen HY, Pham CT, Ngo HT, Le MD, Nguyen TQ, Ziegler T 2019. A new species of Lycodon Boie, 1826 (Serpentes, Colubridae) from northern Vietnam. ZooKeys 875: 1-29 - get paper here Maki, M. 1931. Monograph of the Snakes of Japan. Dai-ichi Shobo, Tokyo. (1), 7, 240 pages (expanded edition 1933) Ota, H. 2000. Current status of the threatened amphibians and reptiles of Japan. Popul. Ecol. 42: 5-9 - get paper here Toriba, M. 1993. Present location of the type specimens described by Maki. The Snake 25: 71-72 Vogel, G. & Brachtel, N. 2008. Contribution to the knowledge of Lycodon ruhstrati (FISCHER, 1886) in Vietnam - taxonomy and biology of a little-known species. Salamandra 44 (4): 207-224 - get paper here Vogel, G., T. Q. Nguyen, P. Kingsada & T. Ziegler 2012. A new species of the genus Lycodon BOIE, 1826 from Laos (Squamata: Colubridae). North-Western Journal of Zoology, 8: 344-352 - get paper here Vogel, G.; David, P.; Pauwels, O.S.G.; Sumontha, M.; Norval, G.; Hendrix, R.; Vu, N.T. & Ziegler, T. 2009. A revision of Lycodon ruhstrati (Fischer 1886) auctorum (Squamata Colubridae), with the description of a new species from Thailand and a new subspecies from the Asian mainland. Tropical Zoology 22: 131-182 - get paper here Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
External links	IUCN Red List Google images

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