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Lycodon nympha (DAUDIN, 1803)

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Higher TaxaColubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Vellore Bridal Snake 
SynonymColuber nympha DAUDIN 1803: 244
Hurria nympha — MERREM 1820: 93
Lycodon nympha — SCHLEGEL 1837: 120
Odontomus nympha — DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 450
Hydrophobus semifasciatus — GÜNTHER 1862 (fide SMITH 1943)
Odontomus semifasciatus — GÜNTHER 1864: 234 (fide SMITH 1943)
Odontomus nympha — GÜNTHER 1864: 233
Dryocalamus nympha var. ceylonensis MÜLLER 1887 (fide SMITH 1943)
Hydrophobus nympha — BOULENGER 1890: 298
Dryocalamus nympha — BOULENGER 1893: 370
Dryocalamus nympha — WALL 1921: 166
Cochliophagus isolepis MÜLLER 1924: 91
Dryocalamus nympha — SMITH 1943: 274
Dryocalamus nympha — DAS 1996: 56
Dryocalamus nympha — KARUNARATHNA & AMARASINGHE 2011
Dryocalamus nympha — WALLACH et al. 2014: 248
Lycodon nympha — FIGUEROA et al. 2016
Dryocalamus nympha — GANESH et al. 2018
Dryocalamus nympha — ZACHARIASS & JOSE 2020
Dryocalamus nympha — WICKRAMASINGHE et al. 2020 
DistributionS India (Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Orissa = Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Telangana), Sri Lanka

Type locality: "Vellore", Tamil Nadu, India (fide Russell).  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesLectotype: BMNH 1946.1.13.69, designated (and described) by Kucharzewski & Tillack 2008.
Holotype: ZMB 8164 [Cochliophagus isolepis] 
Diagnosis 
CommentSynonymy: after DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854, and Kucharzewski & Tillack 2008.

Habitat: partly arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018). 
EtymologyNamed after the Latin “nympha”. The yellow mark on the back of the head suggests a bridal veil. 
References
  • Bhupathy, Subramanian & N. Sathishkumar 2013. Status of reptiles in Meghamalai and its environs, Western Ghats, Tamil Nadu, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 5 (15): 4953-4961 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1893. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. London (Taylor & Francis), 448 pp. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, George A. 1890. The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia. Taylor & Francis, London, xviii, 541 pp. - get paper here
  • Das, Sayantan, Saurav Dutta, Anirban Chaudhri, Joseph J. Erinjery and Mewa Singh. 2016. Extension of the known range of Dryocalamus nympha (DAUDIN, 1803), in India. Herpetozoa 28 (3/4): 206-209 - get paper here
  • Daudin, F. M. 1803. Histoire Naturelle Generale et Particuliere des Reptiles. Vol. 6. F. Dufart, Paris, 447 pp. - get paper here
  • Figueroa A, McKelvy AD, Grismer LL, Bell CD, Lailvaux SP 2016. A Species-Level Phylogeny of Extant Snakes with Description of a New Colubrid Subfamily and Genus. PLoS One 11 (9): e0161070.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0161070 - get paper here
  • Ganesh S.R., Bubesh Guptha 2021. Herpetological diversity in the Central Eastern Ghats, Peninsular India. Journal of Animal Diversity 3 (3): 18-44 - get paper here
  • Ganesh, S.R.; A. Kalaimani, P. Karthik, N. Baskaran, R. Nagarajan & S.R.Chandramouli 2018. Herpetofauna of Southern Eastern Ghats, India – II From Western Ghats to Coromandel Coast. Asian Journal of Conservation Biology, July 2018. Vol. 7 No. 1, pp. 28-45 - get paper here
  • Ganesh, S.R.; S. Bhupathy, P. Karthik, G. Babu Rao & S. Babu 2020. Catalogue of herpetological specimens from peninsular India at the Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology & Natural History (SACON), India. JoTT 12 (9): 16123–16135 - get paper here
  • Harrington, Sean M; Jordyn M de Haan, Lindsey Shapiro, Sara Ruane 2018. Habits and characteristics of arboreal snakes worldwide: arboreality constrains body size but does not affect lineage diversification. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 125 (1): 61–71 - get paper here
  • Janssen HY, Pham CT, Ngo HT, Le MD, Nguyen TQ, Ziegler T 2019. A new species of Lycodon Boie, 1826 (Serpentes, Colubridae) from northern Vietnam. ZooKeys 875: 1-29 - get paper here
  • Kartik, A. 2017. Dryocalamus nympha (Indian Bridal Snake) Reproduction. Herpetological Review 48 (4): 858-859 - get paper here
  • Karunarathna, Suranjan D. M. S. and A. A. Thasun Amarasinghe 2011. A PRELIMINARY SURVEY OF THE REPTILE FAUNA IN NILGALA FOREST AND ITS VICINITY, MONARAGALA DISTRICT, SRI LANKA. Taprobanica 3 (2): 69-76 - get paper here
  • Krishnakumar, Bhava Mothilal K 2014. First observation on breeding habits of Indian Bridal Snake Dryocalamus nympha (Daudin, 1803). Herpetology Notes 7: 337-338 - get paper here
  • Kucharzewski, C. & Tillack, F. 2008. The identity of Cochliophagus isolepis MÜLLER 1924 (Serpentes: Colubridae). Salamandra 44 (1): 43-49 - get paper here
  • Melvinselvan, G., Nibedita, D., Murali, G. 2018. Observations on the Reproduction and Feeding Habit of a Rare Colubrid, Indian Bridal Snake Lycodon nympha Daudin 1803 (Serpentes: Colubridae) from Southern India. Captive & Field Herpetology 2 (1): 16-22 - get paper here
  • Merrem, B. 1820. Versuch eines Systems der Amphibien I (Tentamen Systematis Amphibiorum). J. C. Kriegeri, Marburg, 191 pp. - get paper here
  • Müller, L. 1924. Ueber neue oder seltene Mittel- und Südamerikanische Amphibien und Reptilien. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 11 (1): 75-93 [1923]
  • Palot, M.J. 2015. A checklist of reptiles of Kerala, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 7(13): 8010–8022 - get paper here
  • Ravichandran, B. & Manju Siliwal 2010. Snakes of Rameshwaram. Reptile Rap (9): 2-4 - get paper here
  • Schlegel, H. 1837. Essai sur la physionomie des serpens. Partie Descriptive. La Haye (J. Kips, J. HZ. et W. P. van Stockum), 606 S. + xvi - get paper here
  • Sharma, R. C. 2004. Handbook Indian Snakes. AKHIL BOOKS, New Delhi, 292 pp.
  • Smith, M.A. 1943. The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, Including the Whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. 3 (Serpentes). Taylor and Francis, London. 583 pp.
  • Taylor, Edward H. 1950. The snakes of Ceylon. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 33 (14): 519-603 - get paper here
  • Visvanathan, A., Anne, S., Kolli, A. K., & Vangari, S. M. 2022. Snakes of Telangana: An annotated checklist with new locality records and notes on natural history. Reptiles & Amphibians, 29(1), 279-285 - get paper here
  • Wall, FRANK 1921. Ophidia Taprobanica or the Snakes of Ceylon. Colombo Mus. (H. R. Cottle, govt. printer), Colombo. xxii, 581 pages - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Whitaker, Romulus and Ashok Captain 2004. Snakes of India. Draco Books, 500 pp., reprinted 2007 - get paper here
  • WICKRAMASINGHE, L.J. MENDIS; DULAN RANGA VIDANAPATHIRANA, VISHAN PUSHPAMAL, NETHU WICKRAMASINGHE 2020. A new species of Dryocalamus (Serpentes: Colubridae) endemic to the rainforests of southwestern Sri Lanka. Zootaxa 4748 (2): 248–260 - get paper here
  • Zacharias, V.J. & Boby Jose 2020. An account of snake specimens in St. Joseph’s College Museum Kozhikode, India, with data on species diversity. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 12(11): 16622-16627 - get paper here
 
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