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Lygophis flavifrenatus COPE, 1862

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Fronted Ground Snake
G: Gelbband-Goldbauchnatter 
SynonymLygophis flavifrenatus COPE 1862: 80
Dromicus amabilis JAN & SORDELLI 1867
Aporophis flavifrenatus — COPE 1885: 191
Dromicus flavifrenatus — BOULENGER 1886: 433
Aporophis flavifrenatus — BOULENGER 1894
Zamenis parallelus VOGT 1927: 283
Zamenis vogti WERNER 1929: 68 (nom. nov. pro Z. parallelus)
Lygophis flavifrenatus — AMARAL 1929
Liophis flavifrenatus — DIXON 1989
Liophis flavifrenatus — CEI 1993
Liophis flavifrenatus — GIRAUDO & SCROCCHI 2002
Lygophis flavifrenatus — ZAHER et al. 2009
Lygophis flavifrenatus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 412
Lygophis flavifrenatus — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019 
DistributionBrazil (Rio Grande do Sul), Paraguay, Uruguay, NE Argentina (Corrientes, Chaco, Entre Ríos, Formosa and Misiones)

Type locality: Rio Bermejo [Vermejo] region, Paraguay.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntype: ANSP 4604, USNM 5397, 5398 
Diagnosis 
CommentSynonymy after CEI 1993 and KUCHARZEWSKI & TILLACK 2006. 
References
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1886. A synopsis of the reptiles and batrachians of the province Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 18: 423-445 - get paper here
  • Cacciali, Pier; Norman J. Scott, Aida Luz Aquino Ortíz, Lee A. Fitzgerald, and Paul Smith 2016. The Reptiles of Paraguay: Literature, Distribution, and an Annotated Taxonomic Checklist. SPECIAL PUBLICATION OF THE MUSEUM OF SOUTHWESTERN BIOLOGY, NUMBER 11: 1–373 - get paper here
  • Carreira Vidal, Santiago 2002. Alimentación de los ofidios de Uruguay. Asoc. Herp. Esp., Monograf. Herp. 6, 127 pp. - get paper here
  • CARREIRA, S., M. MENEGHEL AND F. ACHAVAL 2005. Reptiles de Uruguay. DI.R.A.C., Facultad de Ciências Ed., Montevideo, 637 pp.
  • Carreira, S.; Brazeiro, A.; Camargo, A.; da Rosa, I.; Canavero, A. & Maneyro, M. 2012. DIVERSITY OF REPTILES OF URUGUAY: KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION GAPS. Bol. Soc. Zool. Uruguay (2a época) 21 (1-2): 9-29 - get paper here
  • Cei, J. M. 1993. Reptiles del noroeste, nordeste y este de la Argentina. Museo Regionale Sci. Naturale Torino, Monografie 14: 1-949
  • Cope, E.D. 1862. Synopsis of the species of Holcosus and Ameiva, with diagnoses of new West Indian and South American Colubridae. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14: 60-82. - get paper here
  • Dixon, James R. 1989. A key and checklist to the neotropical snake genus Liophis with country lists and maps. Smithsonian Herp. Inf. Serv. (79): 1-40 - get paper here
  • Falcione, Camila; Alejandra Hernando, Diego Andrés Barrasso, Diego Di Pietro 2016. Karyotypes of four species of Xenodontini snakes (Serpentes: Dipsadidae) and implications for taxonomy. Contributions to Zoology, 85 (3): 265-273 - get paper here
  • Giraudo, A. R., and G. J. Scrocchi 2002. Argentinian Snakes: An Annotated Checklist. Smithsonian Herp. Inf. Serv. (132): 1-53 - get paper here
  • Kucharzewski, C. & Tillack, F. 2006. Zamenis parallelus VOGT 1927 - ein Juniorsynonym von Liophis flavifrenatus (COPE 1862) (Serpentes: Colubridae: Xenodontinae), mit Bemerkungen zu dieser Art. Sauria 28 (3): 17-22 - get paper here
  • Morato, Sérgio Augusto Abrahão; Renato Silveira Bérnils, Julio Cesar de Moura-Leite 2017. RÉPTEIS DE CURITIBA: COLETÂNEA DE REGISTROS Hori Consultoria, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil, 99 pp.
  • Nogueira, Cristiano C.; Antonio J.S. Argôlo, Vanesa Arzamendia, Josué A. Azevedo,<br />Fausto E. Barbo, Renato S. Bérnils, Bruna E. Bolochio, Marcio Borges-Martins,<br />Marcela Brasil-Godinho, Henrique Braz0, Marcus A. Buononato, Diego F. Cisnero 2019. Atlas of Brazilian snakes: verified point-locality maps to mitigate the Wallacean shortfall in a megadiverse snake fauna. South American J. Herp. 14 (Special Issue 1):1-274 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Zaher, Hussam; Grazziotin, Felipe Gobbi; Cadle, John E.; Murphy, Robert W.; Moura-Leite, Julio Cesar de; Bonatto, Sandro L 2009. Molecular phylogeny of advanced snakes (Serpentes, Caenophidia) with an emphasis on South American Xenodontines: a revised classification and descriptions of new taxa. Pap. Avulsos Zool. (São Paulo) 49 (11): 115-153 - get paper here
 
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