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Mesalina brevirostris BLANFORD, 1874

IUCN Red List - Mesalina brevirostris - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaLacertidae, Eremiadinae, Sauria, Lacertoidea, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies
 
Common NamesE: Blanford's Short-Nosed Desert Lizard 
SynonymMesalina brevirostris BLANFORD 1874: 32
Eremias brevirostris — BOULENGER 1887
Eremias brevirostris — BOULENGER 1920: 353
Eremias brevirostris — SMITH 1935: 390
Eremias brevirostris — HAAS 1957: 73
Eremias brevirostris brevirostris — HAAS & WERNER 1969
Eremias brevirostris — EISSA & ASSY 1975
Mesalina brevirostris — SZCZERBAK 1989
Eremias brevirostris — DAS 1996: 49
Mesalina brevirostris brevirostris — SINDACO & JEREMČENKO 2008
Mesalina brevirostris — BAHA EL DIN 2013
Mesalina brevirostris — SMID et al. 2017 
DistributionSE Saudi Arabia, Qatar, SW Iran, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait

Type locality: restriced to Tumb Island, Persian Gulf, by SMID et al. 2017 (= probably Greater Tunb (Iran, but also claimed by the UAE)  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesLectotype. BMNH 1946.8.6.25. Designated by Šmíd et al. 2017.
Former Syntypes: BMNH 80.11.10.40/1946.8.6.34 and ZSI 3474 (fide Das et al, 1998) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Three nasals, lower in contact with rostral and first supralabial; ventral plates in 12 (rarely 10) straight longitudinal series; occipital absent or minute, not in contact with interparietal; collar curved or angular, free; head not strongly depressed, head width is 92% of head length; 51 – 53 scales across middle of back; 19 – 28 lamellae under fourth toe; moderately large lizard; snout-vent length 56 mm, tail 102 mm. Gray or grayish brown above, usually with numerous large whitish ocelli edged with black, pattern highly variable; sometimes small dark brown or rusty spots on back and larger ones on sides; tail with dark lateral spots; venter white (Blanford, 1874; Leviton et al., 1992, Yousefkhani et al. 2015).
 
CommentSubspecies: Haas 1957 rejects the erection of the Syrian subspecies, Mesalina brevirostris microlepis, by ANGEL 1936. However, SMID et al. 2017 elevated both subspecies, microlepis and bernoulli, to full species, and synonymized Mesalina brevirostris fieldi (HAAS & WERNER 1969) with bernoulli.

Distribution: see map in SMID et al. 2017: Fig. 1, and Kapli et al. 2008: 104 (Fig. 1). See map in Burriel-Carranza et al. 2019 for map in UAE. Mesalina brevirostris is replaced in Egypt by M. microlepis. 
EtymologyNamed after Latin “brevis, -e” = short and “rostrum” = beak, proboscis, trunk. 
References
  • Al-Sadoon, Mohammed K., Bilal Ahmad Paray, Hamad S. Al-Otaibi 2016. Survey of the reptilian fauna of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. V. The lizard fauna of Turaif region. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.04.005 - get paper here
  • Al-Shammari, Ahmed M. 2012. Additional Records of Lizards in Ha'il Province, Saudi Arabia. Russ. J. Herpetol. 19 (4): 287-291 - get paper here
  • Anderson, John 1896. A Contribution to the Herpetology of Arabia, with a preliminary list of the reptiles and batrachians of Egypt. London, R. H. Porter, 124 pp. - get paper here
  • Anderson, Steven C 1999. The lizards of Iran. Contributions to Herpetology Volume 15, Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Saint Louis, Missouri: i-vii, 1-442 [review in Copeia 2000 (4): 1144] - get paper here
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  • Bosch, H. A. J. in den 2001. Mesalina brevirostris Blanford, 1874 (Reptilia: Lacertidae) in Lebanon, with data on reproduction. Zoology in the Middle East 23: 31 - get paper here
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  • Fathnia, B.; N. Rastegar Pouyani; M. Sampour; A.M. Bahrami; G. Jaafari 2009. The lizard fauna of Ilam province, Southwestern Iran. Iranian Journal of Animal Biosystematics 5 (2) - get paper here
  • Gardner, A.S. 2013. The amphibians and reptiles of Oman and the UAE. Edition Chimaira, 480 pp.
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  • Hosseinian-Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed; Gabriel M.D. Marmol Marin, Nasrullah Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar Rastegar-Pouyani 2015. A Bibliographic Recompilation of the Genus Mesalina Gray, 1838 (Sauria: Lacertidae) with a Key to the Species. Russ. J. Herpetol. 22 (1): 23-34 - get paper here
  • Hraoui-Bloquet, S.; Sadek, R.A.; Sindaco, R. & Venchi, A. 2002. The herpetofauna of Lebanon: new data on distribution. Zoology in the Middle East 27: 35-46 - get paper here
  • Ilgaz, Cetin, Ibrahim Baran, Yusuf Kumlutas, and Aziz Avci 2005. A new record of Mesalina brevirostris (Reptilia: Sauria: Lacertidae) from Southeastern Anatolia. Russ. J. Herpetol. 12 (3): 230-236. - get paper here
  • Joger, U. & Mayer, W. 2002. A new species of Mesalina (Reptilia: Lacertidae) from Abd al-Kuri, Socotra Archipelago, Yemen, and a preliminary molecular phylogeny for the genus Mesalina. Fauna of Arabia 19: 497-505
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  • Kamali, Kamran 2020. A Field Guide to the Reptiles and Amphibians of Iran. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (www.chimaira.de). 574 pp.
  • Kapli, P., Lymberakis, P., Crochet, P.-A., Geniez, P., Brito, J. C., Almutairi, M., Ahmadzadeh, F., Schmitz, A., Wilms, T., Pouyani, N. R., Poulakakis, N. 2014. Historical biogeography of the lacertid lizard Mesalina in North Africa and the Middle East. Journal of Biogeography, doi: 10.1111/jbi.12420 - get paper here
  • Kapli, P.; P. Lymberakis, N. Poulakakis, G. Mantziou, A. Parmakelis and M. Mylonas 2008. Molecular phylogeny of three Mesalina (Reptilia: Lacertidae) species (M. guttulata, M. brevirostris and M. bahaeldini) from North Africa and the Middle East: Another case of paraphyly? Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 49: 102-110 - get paper here
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  • ŠMÍD, JIŘÍ; JIŘÍ MORAVEC, PETR KODYM, LUKÁŠ KRATOCHVÍL, SEYYED SAEED HOSSEINIAN YOUSEFKHANI, ESKANDAR RASTEGAR-POUYANI & DANIEL FRYNTA 2014. Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 001–097 - get paper here
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