Metlapilcoatlus borealis TEPOS-RAMÍREZ, FLORES-VILLELA, VELASCO, LARA, GARCÍA-RUBIO & JADIN, 2021

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Higher Taxa	Viperidae, Crotalinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies
Common Names
Synonym	Metlapilcoatlus borealis TEPOS-RAMÍREZ, FLORES-VILLELA, VELASCO, LARA, GARCÍA-RUBIO & JADIN 2021 Metlapilcoatlus nummifer - TAYLOR, 1949 Metlapilcoatlus nummifer - CASTOE et al., 2009 Metlapilcoatlus nummifer - JADIN et al., 2010
Distribution	México (Hidalgo, San Luis Potosí, Querétaro, Northern Veracruz) Type locality: México, Querétaro, El Pilón (21.4998, -99.1738) 1134 m elevation
Reproduction
Types	Holotype: MZFC 35381, adult female, collected by Jacinto Chávez, on 30 June 2015 Paratypes: MZFC 35382, adult male, collected by Jacinto Chávez, on 18 July 2015
Diagnosis	Diagnosis: Metlapilcoatlus borealis is a medium-sized, moderately robust viper (TL: males 657 mm, females 594 mm), has 22–25 rows of scales over the mid part of the body, nasorostral scales 4–6, ventrals 130–132, subcaudals 26–35, supraoculars 8–10, interoculabial 2–3, scales from 21–26 shields at the sides of the body before the cloaca. Additionally, Metlapilcoatlus borealis possess three unique nucleotides for cyt b at positions 21 (C) 369 (A), 378 (A); and three for ND4 at positions 192 (C), 405 (G), and 459 (T) (Tepos-Ramírez et al. 2021). Additional details (3306 characters) are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details.
Comment	Venomous! Sympatry: probably sympatric with Atropoides nummifer in middle Veracruz Similar species: M. nummifer, M. mexicanus.
Etymology	The specific epithet, borealis, references the northernmost distribution of this taxon with respect to the other taxa of Metlapilcoatlus.
References	Castoe, T. A., J. M. Daza, E. N. Smith, M. M. Sasa, U. Kuch, J. A. Campbell, & C. L. Parkinson. 2009. Comparative phylogeography of pitvipers suggests a consensus of ancient Middle American highland biogeography. Journal of Biogeography 36:88–103 - get paper here Cruz-Elizalde R, Ramírez-Bautista A, Pineda-López R, Mata-Silva V, DeSantis DL, García-Padilla E, Johnson JD, Rocha A, Fucsko LA, Wilson LD. 2022. The herpetofauna of Querétaro, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 16(1) [General Section]: 148–192 (e308) - get paper here Jadin, Robert C.; Ronald L. Gutberlet Jr and Eric N. Smith 2010. Phylogeny, evolutionary morphology, and hemipenis descriptions of the Middle American jumping pitvipers (Serpentes: Crotalinae: Atropoides). J Zool Syst Evol Res 48(4): 360–365; doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0469.2009.00559.x - get paper here Tepos-Ramírez M, Garduño-Fonseca FS, Peralta-Robles CA, García-Rubio OR, Cervantes Jiménez R 2023. Annotated checklist of amphibians and reptiles from Querétaro, Mexico, including new records, and comments on controversial species. Check List 19(2): 269-292 - get paper here Tepos-Ramírez, Mauricio; Oscar Flores-Villela, Julián A. Velasco, Carlos Pedraza Lara, Oscar R. García Rubio & Robert C. Jadin 2021. Molecular Phylogenetics and Morphometrics Reveal a New Endemic Jumping Pitviper (Serpentes: Viperidae: Metlapilcoatlus) from the Sierra Madre Oriental of Mexico. Journal of Herpetology 55 (2): 181-191 - get paper here
External links	National Center for Biotechnology Information https://www.facebook.com/groups/stshc/posts/325613846329887 Google images

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