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Microlophus quadrivittatus (TSCHUDI, 1845)

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Higher TaxaTropiduridae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Four-banded Pacific Iguana 
SynonymSteirolepis quadrivittata TSCHUDI 1845: 156
Tropidurus peruvianus quadrivittatus — DONOSO-BARROS 1966
Tropidurus quadrivittatus — ORTIZ-ZAPATA 1980
Microlophus quadrivittatus — FROST 1992
Microlophus quadrivittatus — LEHR 2002: 203 
DistributionCoastal NW Chile, SW Peru

Type locality: “Küste von Peru.... Umgegenden von Huacho, Ica, Pisco und Islay”, Coastal Peru; restricted to Islay, Peru (17°02'S 72°06'W) by Ortiz 1989.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesLectotype: MHNN 2289, male, Paralectotype: MHNN 2283 (Mus. Hist. Nat. Neuchâtel). Mertens (1956) considered the types to be lost, so that Donoso-Barros (1966) designated a neotype (MZUC11058 and restricted the type locality to Iquique, Chile (20° 13'S 70° 10'W). However, the types at MHNN appear to be extant fide Ortiz 1989. 
Diagnosis 
CommentDistribution: Carrillo and Icochea (1995) list the species to occur in Tacna (Peru). The type locality was corrected to Iquique (Chile) by Donoso-Barros (1966) who thought the types were lost and thus proposed a neotype for Tropidurus peruvianus quadrivittatus. However, Ortiz-Zapata (1980) mentioned that the types were not lost. So, the type locality is in Peru between Lima and Arequipa departments, and the status of Donoso-Barros's neotype (and its type locality in Iquique, Chile) is unclear (César Aguilar, pers. comm. 2 March 2019). 
EtymologyNamed after Latin quattuor, four + Latin vittatus, wearing or carrying a ritual vitta. (TSCHUDI 1845, Esteban Lavilla, pers. comm., April 2024) 
References
  • Benavides, Edgar; Baum, Rebecca; McClellan, David; Sites, Jack W., Jr. 2007. Molecular phylogenetics of the lizard genus Microlophus (Squamata: Tropiduridae): aligning and retrieving indel signal from nuclear introns. Systematic Biology 56(5):776-797 - get paper here
  • Carrillo de Espinoza, Nelly & Icochea, Javier 1995. Lista taxonomica preliminar de los reptiles vivientes del Peru. Publicaciones del Museo de Historia Natural “Javier Prado”, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Serie A, Zoología (49): 1–27
  • Demangel, Diego 2016. Reptiles en Chile. Fauna Nativa Ediciones, Santiago, 619 pp - get paper here
  • Donoso-Barros, R. 1966. Reptiles de Chile. Santiago: Univ. Chile, 458 + cxlvi pp.
  • Lehr, E. 2002. Amphibien und Reptilien in Peru. Natur und Tier-Verlag (Münster), 208 pp. - get paper here
  • Mella-Ávila, Jorge E. & Michael Venegas Ponce. 2019. Distribución, frecuencia y abundancia de reptiles en distintos ambientes de la Región de Tarapacá, norte de Chile. Boletín Chileno de Herpetología. 6: 23-33 - get paper here
  • Ortiz-Zapata, J.C. 1980. Revision taxonomica del género Tropidurus en Chile. Reunion Iberoam. Zool. Vertebr. 1: 355-377 (1977)
  • Schlüter, U. 2000. Wüstenkielschwanzleguane aus Peru. Draco 1 (4): 44-49
  • Segura Silva, Bernardo 2014. Observaciones sobre la alimentación de Microlophus quadrivittatus (Tschudi 1845). Boletín Chileno de Herpetología 1: 18 - get paper here
  • Tschudi,J. J. von 1845. Reptilium conspectum quae in republica Peruana reperiuntur er pleraque observata vel collecta sunt in itenere. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 11 (1): 150-170 [reprint 1968, SSAR; sometimes cited as being published in 1846]. - get paper here
  • Werning, H. 2009. Auf den Spuren von Darwin durch Südamerika Teil 3: Vom kalten Regenwald in die trockenste Wüste. Reptilia (Münster) 14 (80): 52-63 - get paper here
 
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