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Micrurus mosquitensis SCHMIDT, 1933

IUCN Red List - Micrurus mosquitensis - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaElapidae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Misquito coral snake 
SynonymMicrurus nigrocinctus mosquitensis SCHMIDT 1933
Micrurus nigrocinctus mosquitensis — SCHMIDT 1955
Micrurus mosquitensis — MUDDE & VAN DIJK 1985
Micrurus nigrocinctus mosquitensis — WELCH 1994: 87
Micrurus nigrocinctus mosquitensis — ROZE 1996: 205
Micrurus mosquitensis — SOLÓRZANO 2004
Micrurus mosquitensis — PORRAS & SOLÓRZANO 2006 
DistributionAtlantic coasts of Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama

Type locality: Limon, Costa Rica.  
Reproductionoviparous. 
TypesHolotype: MCZ 19741 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A coral snake with black, yellow, and red rings, not arranged in triads; supra-anal tubercles strongly developed in males; ventrals 182-194 in males, 203-209 in females; black rings 4-6 ventrals wide, 10 to 19 on the body, averaging 12 in males and 13 in females; black caudal rings 4-7 in males, 3-4 in females; yellow zones well developed; scales in red zones uniformly tipped with black.
Differs from M. n. nigrocinctus in its lower number of ventrals, lower number of black rings, and broader yellow zones; from M. n. divaricatus by the lower ventral count and the uniform distribution of black in the red zones [from SCHMIDT 1933]. 
CommentSynonymy: listed as synonym of Micrurus nigrocinctus by WALLACH et al. 2014: 450. Sunyer & Martínez-Fonseca 2023 (checklist Nicaragua) agree with this statement. 
EtymologyMosquitensis in Latin is inhabitant of the Misquito coast on the Atlantic side of Nicaragua and Honduras in which the Mosquito, or Misquito, or Miskito Kingdom existed until the beginning of this century.
 
References
  • Gemel, R.; G. Gassner & S. Schweiger 2019. Katalog der Typen der Herpetologischen Sammlung des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien – 2018. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B 121: 33–248
  • Hilje B, Chaves G, Klank J, Timmerman F, Feltham J, Gillingwater S, Piraino T, Rojas E 2020. Amphibians and Reptiles of the Tirimbina Biological Reserve: a baseline for conservation, research and environmental education in a lowland tropical wet forest in Costa Rica. Check List 16(6): 1633-1655 - get paper here
  • Jowers, M.J., Smart, U., Sánchez-Ramírez, S. et al. 2023. Unveiling underestimated species diversity within the Central American Coralsnake, a medically important complex of venomous taxa. Sci Rep 13, 11674 - get paper here
  • McConnell, G.J. 2013. A field guide to the snakes of Costa Rica. Edition Chimaira, 233 pp. [review in Reptilia 114: 74, 2015]
  • Mudde, P, & VAN DIJK, M. 1985. Herpetologische waarnemingen in Costa Rica (13). Slangen (Serpentes). Lacerta 43: 176-180. - get paper here
  • Porras, L.W. & Solórzano, A. 2006. Costa Rica’s venomous snakes. Reptilia (GB) (48): 11-17 - get paper here
  • Schmidt, K. P. 1933. Preliminary account of the coral snakes of Central America and Mexico. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Zool. Ser. 20: 29-40. - get paper here
  • Schmidt, Karl P. 1955. Coral snakes of the genus Micrurus in Colombia. Fieldiana Zoology 34 (34): 337-359 - get paper here
  • Silva Jr, Nelson Jorge da; Marcus Augusto Buononato & Darlan Tavares Feitosa 2016. AS COBRAS-CORAIS DO NOVO MUNDO. In: Silva (ed) Cobras corais do Brasil. Goiânia, pp. 41-69
  • Solorzano, A. 2004. Serpientes de Costa Rica - Snakes of Costa Rica. Editorial INBio, Costa Rica, 792 pp.
  • Welch, K. R. G. 1994. Snakes of the World. A Checklist. I. Venomous snakes. KCM Books, Somerset, England.
 
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