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Monopeltis galeata (HALLOWELL, 1852)

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Higher TaxaAmphisbaenidae, Amphisbaenia, Lacertoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Helmeted Worm Lizard 
SynonymPhractogonus galeatus HALLOWELL 1852: 62
Monopeltis (Phractogonus) magnipartitus PETERS 1879
Monopeltis (Phractogonus) magnipartius PETERS 1879 (fide BAUER 1995)
Lepidosternum galeatum STRAUCH 1881
Lepidosternum dumerilii STRAUCH 1881
Lepidostenon magnipartitum STRAUCH 1881
Monopeltis galeata BOULENGER 1885: 384
Monopeltis magnipartita BOULENGER 1885
Monopeltis unirostralis MOCQUARD 1903
Monopeltis boveei MOCQUARD 1903: 211
Monopeltis dumerilii — WERNER 1913: 15
Monopeltis galeata — SCHMIDT 1919: 603
Monopeltis galeata — BRANCH et al. 2003
Monopeltis galeata — GANS 2005: 35 
DistributionGabon, Corisco Island (Equatorial Guinea), Cameroon

Type locality: “Liberia, West Coast of Africa”; corrected by Hallowell (1857: 50) to “Gaboon Country, West Africa”.  
Reproductionoviparous (not imputed, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesLectotype: ANSP 9684 (K. Schmidt, 1919: 603). Lectoparatype: ANSP 9683; possibly also ANSP 9682, labeled ‘‘Corisco, W. Africa’’ (cf. K. Schmidt, 1919: 603).
Syntypes: MNHN [Lepidosternum dumerilii]
Holotype: MNHN [Monopeltis unirostralis] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (1318 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSynonymy partly that of GANS 1967. Not listed by BROADLEY & POYNTON 1998 for the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Zaire). According to BRANCH et al. (2003) not in Cameroon, either.

Distribution: For a map with localities in Equatorial Guinea see SÁNCHEZ-VIALAS et al. 2022. 
EtymologyNamed after Latin “galeatus” meaning helmeted, or “galea” = helmet. 
References
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 2, Second edition. London, xiii+497 pp. - get paper here
  • Branch, William R., Oliver S. G. Pauwels and Marius Burger 2003. Re-discovery of Cynisca bifrontalis in Gabon, with additional notes on Monopeltis galeata (Reptilia: Amphisbaenia). African Journal of Herpetology 52 (2): 93-100 - get paper here
  • Broadley, D.G. 1998. The reptilian fauna of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Congo-Kinshasa). In: Schmidt, K.P. and Noble, G.K., Contributions to the Herpetology of the Belgian Congo... [reprint of the 1919 and 1923 papers]. SSAR Facsimile reprints in Herpetology, 780 pp.
  • Brygoo, E. R. 1990. Les types d'Amphisbaenidés, Pygopodidés, Xantusiidés (Reptiles, Sauriens) du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle - Catalogue critique. Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat. 12 (ser. 4) A (3-4), suppl.: 3-18
  • Chirio, L. & Lebreton, M. 2007. Atlas des reptiles du Cameroun. MNHN, IRD, Paris 688 pp.
  • Gans, C. 2005. CHECKLIST AND BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE AMPHISBAENIA OF THE WORLD. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 289: 1-130 - get paper here
  • Gans, Carl;Lehman, Grace C. 1973. Studies on amphisbaenians (Amphisbaenia: Reptilia), 5. The species of Monopeltis from north of the River Zaire. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan (669): 1-34 - get paper here
  • Hallowell,E. 1854. Description of new species of Reptilia from western Africa. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 64 [1852]: 62-65 - get paper here
  • Hallowell,E. 1857. Notes of a collection of reptiles from the Gaboon country, West Africa, recently presented to the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, by Dr. Herny A. Ford. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 9: 48-72 - get paper here
  • Mocquard, FRANÇOIS 1903. Notes herpétologiques. I. Description d'espèces nouvelles de la collection du Muséum. Bull. Mus. Natl. d'Hist. Nat., Paris 9 (5): 209-220. - get paper here
  • Pauwels, O.S.G. & Vande Weghe, J.P. 2008. Les reptiles du Gabon. Smithsonian Institution, Washington: 272 pp. - get paper here
  • Peters,W.C.H. 1880. Eine Mittheilung über neue oder weniger bekannte Amphibien des Berliner Zoologischen Museums (Leposoma dispar, Monopeltis (Phractogonus jugularis, Typhlops depressus, Leptocalamus drilineatus, Xenodon punctatus, Elapomorphus erythronotus, Hylomantis Monatsber. Königl.-Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1880: 217-224 - get paper here
  • SÁNCHEZ-VIALAS, A., CALVO-REVUELTA, M. & DE LA RIVA, I. 2022. Synopsis of the terrestrial Reptiles of Equatorial Guinea. Zootaxa 5202 (1): 1-197 - get paper here
  • Santos, Lívia Cristina dos 2013. Discovery of the second specimen of the African amphisbaenian Monopeltis kabindae Witte & Laurent, 1942. African Journal of Herpetology 62 (2): 109-116, DOI: 10.1080/21564574.2012.761283 - get paper here
  • Schmidt, Karl Patterson 1919. Contributions to the Herpetology of the Belgian Congo based on the Collection of the American Congo Expedition, 1909-1915. Part I: turtles, crocodiles, lizards, and chamaeleons. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 39 (2): 385-624 - get paper here
  • Strauch,A. 1881. Bemerkungen über die Eidechsenfamilie der Amphisbaeniden. Mel. Biol. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersbourg 11: 355-479 (reprinted: Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersbourg 28: 45-131) - get paper here
  • Werner, F. 1913. Neue oder seltene Reptilien und Frösche des Naturhistorischen Museums in Hamburg. Reptilien der Ostafrika-Expedition der Hamburger Geographischen Gesellschaft 1911/12. Leiter: Dr. E. Obst. Reptilien und Amphibien von Formosa. [these are 3 separate re Jb. Hamb. wiss. Anst., 30 [1912], 2. Beiheft: 1-39, 40-45, 45-51 - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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