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Naja oxiana (EICHWALD, 1831)

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Higher TaxaElapidae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Central Asian Cobra
G: Mittelasiatische Kobra 
SynonymTomyris oxiana EICHWALD 1831: 171
Naja oxiana — STRAUCH 1868: 284
Naja tripudians var. caeca BOULENGER 1896 (part.)
Naja naja oxiana — STEJNEGER 1907
Naja naja oxiana — SMITH 1943: 428
Naja naja oxiana — HARDING & WELCH 1980
Naja oxiana — WELCH 1994: 93
Naja naja oxiana — SHARMA 2004
Naja (Naja) oxiana — WALLACH et al. 2009
Naja oxiana — WALLACH et al. 2014: 462
Naja oxiana — SHESTOPAL & SCHCHERBINA 2024 
DistributionAfghanistan, NE Iran, NW India (Jammu and Kashmir), Pakistan,
Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, SW Tajikistan, Uzbekistan

Type locality: Transcaspia  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: unlocated, a 762 mm specimen 
DiagnosisDIAGNOSIS: The only cobra species which occurs sympatrically with Naja oxiana is the Indian spectacled cobra, N. naja. The differences between the two taxa are shown in Table 2 (in WÜSTER 1998). Naja oxiana can be distinguished from all other Asiatic cobras on the basis of its high ventral andlor subcaudal scale counts. Specimens of the monocellate cobra (N. kaouthia) with exceptionally high ventral and subcaudal scale counts may be distinguished from N. oxiana by the possession of a hood mark, a distinct throat pattern with lateral spots, and a higher number of dorsal scale rows at the level of the 10th ventral. 
CommentVenomous!

Distribution: For a map see Sindaco et al. 2013, Shi et al. 2022: 3 (Fig. 1). 
References
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  • Anderson, S. C. & A. E. Leviton 1969. Amphibians and reptiles collected by the Street expedition to Afghanistan, 1965. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. (4) 37: 25-56 - get paper here
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  • Dunaev E.A., Orlova V.F. 2003. Diversity of snakes (on the materials of the exposition of the Zoological Museum of the Moscow State University). Moscow: Moscow State University Press, 376 pp
  • Eichwald, E. 1831. Zoologia specialis, quam expositis animalibus tum vivis, tum fossilibus potissimuni rossiae in universum, et poloniae in specie, in usum lectionum publicarum in Universitate Caesarea Vilnensi. Zawadski, Vilnae. - get paper here
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  • Yangiboyev, E. C.; Mamarakhimov, O. M., Makhmudova, M. M., Nabiev, U. A., & Karamatova, G. 2024. The diversity of reptiles in different ecological environments of mountainous parts of Kashkadarya region. In E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 510, p. 03012). EDP Sciences - get paper here
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