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Naja melanoleuca HALLOWELL, 1857

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Higher TaxaElapidae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Central African Forest Cobra, Black and White Cobra
G: Schwarzweiße Kobra 
SynonymNaja haje var. melanoleuca HALLOWELL 1857: 61
Naja annulata BUCHHOLZ & PETERS 1876
Naja haje var. leucosticta FISCHER 1885: 115
Naja haje var. melanoleuca — BOETTGER 1889: 280
Naja melanoleuca — MATSCHIE 1893: 214
Naia melanoleuca – BOULENGER 1896: 376
Naja melanoleuca — SCHMIDT 1923: 127
Naja leucostica BETHENCOURT-FERREIRA 1930
Naja melanoleuca melanoleuca CAPOCACCIA 1961
Naja melanoleuca aurata STUCKI-STIRN 1979
Naja melanoleuca — BRANCH 1981: 26
Naja melanoleuca — RÖDEL & MAHSBERG 2000
Naja (Boulengerina) melanoleuca — WALLACH et al. 2009
Boulengerina melanoleuca — WALLACH et al. 2014: 120
Naja cf melanoleuca savanna — TRAPE & BALDÉ 2014
Naja cf melanoleuca forest — TRAPE & BALDÉ 2014
Naja (Boulengerina) melanoleuca — CONRADIE et al. 2016
Naja cf melanoleuca — TRAPE & MANÉ 2017
Naja melanoleuca — SPAWLS et al. 2018: 552
Naja (Boulengerina) melanoleuca — WÜSTER et al. 2018 
DistributionNigeria, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Republic of Congo (Brazzaville), Democratic Republic of the Congo (Kinshasa) (Zaire), N Angola, Rwanda, Republic of South Sudan (RSS)

Type locality: Gabon

leucosticta: Type locality: Cameroon, no specific locality.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: ANSP 6875-76 (2)
Syntypes: ZMH R12168, ZMH R12169, ZMH R12170 (given as nos 7299, 7300, 7302 in Fischer 1885) [leucosticta] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Dorsum black, often with 1–3 semidivided yellow crossbands on the neck, the first may be an ocellus; venter yellow with 4 to 6 black bands in the first 100 ventrals, thereafter uniform black [Wüster et al. 2018: 83].


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CommentVenomous!

Distribution: with the split into multiple species (see below) the distribution of N. melanoleuca has been restricted. For a map with localities in Equatorial Guinea see SÁNCHEZ-VIALAS et al. 2022.

Similar species: Naja melanoleuca has been split up into 4 species by Wüster et al. 2018, namely N. melanoleuca s. str., N. guineensis, N. savannula, and N. subfulva, all of which are variable and partly sympatric (see map in Wüster et al. 2018: 81, Fig. 6).

Habitat: partly arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018). 
References
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