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Narophis bimaculatus (DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL, 1854)

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Higher TaxaElapidae (Hydrophiinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Black-naped Burrowing Snake, Western Black-naped Snake 
SynonymFurina bimaculata DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 1240
Furina bimaculata — FRY 1914: 197
Vermicella bimaculata — GLAUERT 1950
Narophis bimaculatus — WORRELL 1961: 27
Simoselaps bimaculata — UNDERWOOD 1979
Neelaps bimaculatus — COGGER 1983: 228
Simoselaps bimaculata — HUTCHINSON 1990
Simoselaps bimaculatus — COGGER 1992
Simoselaps bimaculata — WELCH 1994: 107
Simoselaps bimaculatus — COGGER 2000: 684
Neelaps bimaculatus — WILSON & SWAN 2010: 486
Simoselaps bimaculatus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 662
Neelaps bimaculatus — COGGER 2014: 903
Neelaps bimaculatus — EIPPER & EIPPER 2019
Neelaps bimaculatus — SHEA 2021
Narophis bimaculatus — MARYAN et al. 2023 
DistributionAustralia (South Australia, Western Australia)

Type locality: original type locality in error (see comment). Corrected to Perth, fide Storr (1968: 85). Restricted to W Australia fide Boulenger (1896a: 407).  
Reproductionoviparous. 
TypesHolotype: MNHN-RA 3942, from Tasmania; data with holotype cites "Australia" as locality 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (11285 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentVenomous!

Habitat: burrowing

Distribution: original type locality: "Tasmanie" [= Tasmania, in error fide Storr, 1968: 85). See map in Maryan et al. 2023: 13 (Fig. 6).

Type species: Furina bimaculata DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 1240 is the type species of the genus Narophis WORRELL 1961. 
EtymologyThe species is probably named after the 2 black blotches on the head of this species, after Latin macula = spot.

The generic etymology was not explained by Worrell (1961: 27), but it is presumably from Latin naris meaning the nostrils, or more broadly a snout described in diagnosis by Worrell as “elongate with a large posteriorly acute rostral”, and from Greek ophis meaning snake. Since ophis is a masculine noun the spelling of bimaculatus does not change. 
References
  • Cogger, H. G. 2014. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, 7th ed. CSIRO Publishing, xxx + 1033 pp. - get paper here
  • Cogger, H.G. 2000. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, 6th ed. Ralph Curtis Publishing, Sanibel Island, 808 pp.
  • Duméril, A. M. C., Bibron, G. & DUMÉRIL, A. H. A., 1854. Erpétologie générale ou histoire naturelle complète des reptiles. Tome septième. Deuxième partie, comprenant l'histoire des serpents venimeux. Paris, Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret: i-xii + 781-1536 - get paper here
  • Fry, D. B. 1914. On a collection of reptiles and batrachians from Western Australia. Rec. West. Austral. Mus. 1:174-210 - get paper here
  • Hallermann, J. 2020. An annotated list of reptiles and amphibians from the 1905 Hamburg expedition to southwest Australia deposited in the Zoological Museum Hamburg. Evolutionary Systematics 4: 61 - get paper here
  • Maryan, B., Gaikhorst, G., & Parkhurst, B. 2024. The terrestrial herpetofauna of the Zuytdorp coast and hinterland of Western Australia: Exceptional richness in a global biodiversity hotspot. Western Australian Naturalist, 33, 3
  • MARYAN, BRAD; J. SCOTT KEOGH & PERI E. BOLTON 2023. Phylogeny and morphology of the Australian snake genus Neelaps Günther, 1863 (Squamata: Elapidae), with resurrection of Narophis Worrell, 1961. Australian Journal of Taxonomy 34: 1–25
  • Shea, G. M. 2021. Dr. John Mair, Captain Collet Barker, and the discovery of the Australian Keelback, Tropidonophis mairii (Serpentes, Colubridae). Bibliotheca Herpetologica 15 (3): 18–28 - get paper here
  • Storr G M 1978. Taxonomic notes on the reptiles of the Shark Bay region, Western Australia. Rec. West. Aust. Mus. 6 (3): 303-318 - get paper here
  • Storr, G. M. 1968. The genus Vermicella (Serpentes : Elapidae) in Western Australia and the Northern Territory. J. Royal Soc. Western Australia. 50: 80-92 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Wilson, S. & Swan, G. 2010. A complete guide to reptiles of Australia, 3rd ed. Chatswood: New Holland, 558 pp.
  • Worrell, E. 1961. Herpetological Name Changes. Western Australian Naturalist 8: 18—27. - get paper here
 
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