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Natrix maura (LINNAEUS, 1758)

IUCN Red List - Natrix maura - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaColubridae (Natricinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Viperine Water Snake
G: Vipernatter
Italian: natrice viperina 
SynonymColuber maurus LINNAEUS 1758: 219 (?)
Coluber maurus — LINNAEUS 1766
Coluber viperinus SONNINI & LATREILLE 1802
Natrix cherseoides WAGLER 1824
Natrix ocellata WAGLER 1824
Coluber viperinus aurolineatus GRVIS 1836
Tropidonotus viperinus — DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 560
Tropidonotus cherseoides vel ocellatus — DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 562
Tropidonotus viperinus — BOIE 1858
Tropidonotus viperinus — BOETTGER 1885
Tropidonotus viperinus — BOULENGER 1893: 235
Tropidonotus viperinus — BOULENGER 1913
Natrix viperina — FEJERVARY 1927
Tropidonotus viperinus — LAURENT 1935: 347
Natrix viperina var. aurolineata — HEDIGER 1935
Natrix viperina — LOVERIDGE 1936
Natrix maura — ENGELMANN et al 1993
Natrix maura — SCHLEICH, KÄSTLE & KABISCH 1996: 505
Natrix maura — WALLACH et al. 2014: 476
Natrix maura — KWET & TRAPP 2015 
DistributionSpain (introduced to the Balearic islands, Iles d'Hyéres, Mallorca, Menorca), Portugal, Gibraltar, France, SW Switzerland, NW Italy, Sardinia,
Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Galita Island

Type locality: “Algiriae” [= Algeria]  
Reproductionoviparous. N. tessellata hybridizes with N. natrix and N. maura (Mebert 2011). 
TypesHolotype: lost fide Kramer and Schnurrenberger, 1963: 513.
Lectotype: ZSM 2692/0/1 (ZSMH 2692/0 A in Hoogmoed & Gruber 1983), male [cherseoides]
Holotype: Uncatalogued specimen(s) (lost) [Natrix ocellata]
Holotype: ZISP ?, cat. no. unknown [persa]
Holotype: ZISP ?, cat. no. unknown [scutata] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis. “Kleinste, bis maximal 1 m GL erreichende europäische Art. 21 (19) Schuppenreihen in der Körpermitte. 7 Supralabialia, von denen das dritte und vierte ans Auge stoßen. 142-160 Ventralia, 44-73 paarige Subcaudalia. Tiere aus gewissen Populationen (s. u.) können von den beiden anderen europäischen Vertretern der Gattung Natrix z. T. nur unter Berücksichtigung mehrerer Merkmale unterschieden werden.” (Schätti 1999: 483) 
CommentDistribution: Not in Corsica, although Fons et al (1991) reported dubious observations, but the presence of population has never been confirmed (M. Delaugerre, pers. comm., 6 Aug 2013). Natrix cherseoides and Natrix ocellata WAGLER 1824 are listed in his (and SPIX’s) Serpentum brasiliensium (??). For a map see Sindaco et al. 2013.

Hybridization: there is some evidence that Natrix astreptophora and Natrix maura can hybridize in Spain (de la Vega et al. 2022).

Genome: the genome of this and the 4 other species of Natrix were sequenced by Schöneberg ert al. 2023. 
References
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