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Ophiomorus punctatissimus (BIBRON & BORY DE ST. VINCENT, 1833)

IUCN Red List - Ophiomorus punctatissimus - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaScincidae, Scincinae, Scincoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Greek Snake Skink
G: Gesprenkelter Schlangenskink 
SynonymAnguis punctatissimus BIBRON & BORY DE ST. VINCENT 1833: 71
Anguis punctatissimus — GERVAIS 1836: 310
Ophiomorus miliaris DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1839: 799
Ophiomorus punctatissimus — BOULENGER 1887: 397
Ophiomorus punctatissimus — WERNER 1935: 107
Ophiomorus punctatissimus — ENGELMANN et al 1993
Ophiomorus punctatissimus — KUMLUTAS et al. 2004
Ophiomorus punctatissimus — SINDACO & JEREMČENKO 2008
Ophiomorus punctatissimus — KORNILIOS et al. 2018 
DistributionS Greece

Type locality: Greece: Morea [Peloponnes]  
ReproductionOviparous 
TypesSyntypes: MNHN-RA 6998 and MNHN-RA 6998A, BMNH 1946.8.18.81 (formerly 51.8.26.3) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (genus): Palatine bones not meeting on the midline of the palate;pterygidl teeth usually present. Teeth conical, or with obtuse crowns. Eye small; lower eyelid with an undivided, transparent disc. Ear opening absent or hidden. Nostril in the suture between the nasal and supranasal, close to the rostral;prefrontals usually distinct; frontoparietal and parietal distinct. Body elongate. Limbs greatly reduced or absent (from ANDERSON & LEVITON 1966).


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CommentType species: Ophiomorus miliaris DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1839 is the type species of the genus Ophiomorus DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1839.

Distribution: Turkish populations of Ophiomorus punctatissimus have been redescribed as O. kardesi KORNILIOS et al. 2018.

Limb morphology: Ophiomorus is one of the few limb-reduced skink lineages in which some of the species have a greater degree of digit reduction in the rear limb than in the front limb.

Key: ANDERSON & LEVITON 1966 have a key to the species of Ophiomorus.

Reference images: see Uetz et al. 2024 for high-resolution reference images for this species. 
EtymologyNamed after the (Neo-) Latin punctata, for spotted, or punctatissimus, for dotted with small spot.

The genus name was explained as "De οφις, Serpent, et de ομορος, confinis , sibi ipsi particeps , ayant beaucoup de ressemblance" (Dumeril & Bibron, 1839). From the Greek ophis (serpent) plus omoros (neighbouring), referencing the elongate form of the species in the genus. 
References
  • Anderson, S.C. & Leviton,A.E. 1966. A review of the genus Ophiomorus (Sauria: Scincidae), with descriptions of three new forms. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 33 (16): 499-534 - get paper here
  • Andrade, Julia B.; Ryshonda P. Lewis and Phil Senter 2016. Appendicular skeletons of five Asian skink species of the genera Brachymeles and Ophiomorus, including species with vestigial appendicular structures. Amphibia-Reptilia, DOI: 10.1163/15685381-00003062 - get paper here
  • Andrea Villa, Massimo Delfino 2019. A comparative atlas of the skull osteology of European lizards (Reptilia: Squamata). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187 (3): 829–928 - get paper here
  • Bibron & Bory de Saint-Vincent 1833. Vertébrés a sang froid. Reptiles et poissons. Reptiles. In: Geoffroy & Geoffroy, Expédition Scientifique de Morée, Tome III. 1re partie, Zoologie: pp. 57- - get paper here
  • Bischoff, W. 1981. Ophiomorus punctatissimus - Schlangenskink. In: Böhme,W. (ed.), Handbuch der Reptilien und Amphibien Europas, Band I., Echsen I. Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, Wiesbaden, pp. 366-372
  • Boettger, O. [as O. Böttger] 1880. Die Reptilien und Amphibien von Syrien, Palaestina und Cypern. Ber. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges., Frankfurt/M., 1879-1880: 132-219 - get paper here
  • Bosch, H. A. J. in den 1988. Erste Daten zum Fortpflanzungsmodus von Ophiomorus punctatissimus (BIBRON & BORY, 1833) (Sauria: Scincidae). Salamandra 24 (1): 53-58 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G. A. 1887. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) III. Lacertidae, Gerrhosauridae, Scincidae, Anelytropsidae, Dibamidae, Chamaeleontidae. London: 575 pp. - get paper here
  • Brygoo, E.R. 1985. Les types des scincidés (Reptiles, Sauriens) du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, catalogue critique. Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. (4e sér.) 7 (sect. A 3), suppl.: 1-126
  • BUDAK, Abidin; Cemal Varol TOK & Ahmet MERMER 1998. A Report on Reptiles Collected from Kumluca-Kalkan (Antalya), Turkey. Tr. J. of Zoology 22: 185-189
  • Camaiti, M., Villa, A., Wencker, L. C. M., Bauer, A. M., Stanley, E. L., & Delfino, M. 2019. Descriptive osteology and patterns of limb loss of the European limbless skink Ophiomorus punctatissimus (Squamata, Scincidae). Journal of Anatomy, 235(2), 313–345 - get paper here
  • Chondropoulos, Basil P.;Papandropoulos, Dimitris P. 1996. Geographic Distribution. Ophiomorus punctatissimus. Herpetological Review 27 (3): 152-153 - get paper here
  • Clark, R. J. and Clark, E. D. 1970. Notes on four lizard species from the Peloponnese, Greece: Algyroides moreoticus Bibron and Bory, Anguis fragilis peloponnesiacus Stepanek, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (Bibron and Bory) and Ophisaurus apodus (Pallas). British Journal of Herpetology 4: 135-137. - get paper here
  • Duméril, A. M. C. and G. Bibron. 1839. Erpétologie Générale on Histoire Naturelle Complète des Reptiles. Vol. 5. Roret/Fain et Thunot, Paris, 871 pp. - get paper here
  • Engelmann, W.E. et al. 1993. Lurche und Kriechtiere Europas. Neumann Verlag (Radebeul, Germany), 440 pp.
  • Franzen, Michael; Michael Bußmann, Thomas Kordges & Burkhard Thiesmeier 2008. Die Amphibien und Reptilien der Südwest-Türkei. Zeitschrift für Feldherpetologie (Suppl. 14): 328 pp. - get paper here
  • Gervais, Paul 1836. Enumération de quelques espèces de reptiles provenant de Barbarie. Ann. Sci. Nat. (2) VI: 308-313 - get paper here
  • Greer, Allen E. and George D. F. Wilson 2001. Comments on the scincid lizard genus Ophiomorus, with a cladistic analysis of the species. Hamadryad 26 (2): 261-271 [2002] - get paper here
  • Joris, R. & G. van den Berge 1994. Erneuter Beleg eines Ophiomorus punctatissimus aus Xanthos (Vil. Antalya, Türkei), mit einer Übersicht über die publizierten Funde der Art in Anatolien. Salamandra 30 (4): 272-273 - get paper here
  • KAZEMI, SEYED MAHDI; MASOOD FARHADI QOMI, HAJI GHOLI KAMI AND STEVEN CLEMENT ANDERSON 2011. A new species of Ophiomorus (Squamata: Scincidae) from Maranjab Desert, Isfahan Province, Iran, with a revised key to the genus. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 5 (1): 23-33. - get paper here
  • Kornilios P, Kumlutaş Y, Lymberakis P, Ilgaz Ç. 2018. Cryptic diversity and molecular systematics of the Aegean Ophiomorus skinks (Reptilia: Squamata), with the description of a new species. J Zool Syst Evol Res. 00:1–18 - get paper here
  • Kumlutas, Yusuf; Oz, Mehmet; Durmus, Hakan; Tunc, M. Rizvan; Ozdemir, Adem; Dusen, Serdar 2004. On some lizard species of the Western Taurus Range. Turkish Journal of Zoology 28:225-236 - get paper here
  • Kwet, A. 2010. Reptilien und Amphibien Europas. Kosmos-Verlag, Stuttgart, 252 pp.
  • Kwet, Axel & Benny Trapp 2014. Liste der Reptilien Europas. Draco 15 (60): 72-79 - get paper here
  • Mayer, Werner; Richter, Klaus; Kammel, W. 1990. Herpetofauna des Beckens von Feneos (Griechenland: Nordpeloponnes). Herpetozoa 2: 87-106 - get paper here
  • PHILIPP HERRMANN, MICHAEL STADLER & KLAUS RICHTER 2009. Photographical identification in the Greek legless skink (Ophiomorus punctatissimus). Zeitschrift für Feldherpetologie (Supplement 15) - get paper here
  • Poulakakis, N.; V. Pakaki, M. Mylonas and P. Lymberakis 2008. Molecular phylogeny of the Greek legless skink Ophiomorus punctatissimus (Squamata: Scincidae): The impact of the Mid-Aegean trench in its phylogeography. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 47 (1): 396-402 - get paper here
  • Rödel, M.-O., R. BUSSMANN & A. KAUP 1989. Beitrag zur Biotopwahl von Ophiomorus punctatissimus (BIBRON & BROY 1833). Sauria 11 (1): 27-30 - get paper here
  • Sindaco, R. & Jeremcenko, V.K. 2008. The reptiles of the Western Palearctic. Edizioni Belvedere, Latina (Italy), 579 pp. - get paper here
  • Sindaco, Roberto; Alberto Venchi, Giuseppe M. Carpaneto, Marco A. Bologna 2000. The Reptiles of Anatolia: a Checklist and Zoogeographical analysis. Biogeographia, 21-2000: 441-554. - get paper here
  • Trapp, B. 2007. Reptilien und Amphibien des griechischen Festlandes. Natur und Tier Verlag (Münster), 300 pp. - get paper here
  • Tzoras, E; Katsigiannis, P & Vergetopoulos, M; 2019. Geographic Distribution: Ophiomorus punctatissimus (Limbless Skink) Greece: Peloponnese: Achaia Prefecture. Herpetological Review 50 (1): 103 - get paper here
  • Uetz, P.H.; Patel, M.; Gbadamosi, Z.; Nguyen, A.; Shoope, S. 2024. A Reference Database of Reptile Images. Taxonomy 4: 723–732 - get paper here
  • Werner,F. 1935. Reptilien der Ägäischen Inseln. Sitzungsber. Akad. Wiss. Wien 144: 81-117 - get paper here
  • Zauner, Jochen 2023. Herpetologische Beobachtungen auf dem Peloponnes (Griechenland). Sauria 45 (4): 1-17
 
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