Paracontias holomelas (GÜNTHER, 1877)

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Higher Taxa	Scincidae, Scincinae, Scincoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies
Common Names	E: Anzahamaru Skink
Synonym	Acontias holomelas GÜNTHER 1877 Acontias holomelas — ANGEL 1942: 143 Malacontias holomelas — GREER 1970 Paracontias (Malacontias) holomelas — BRYGOO 1980 Paracontias holomelas — GLAW & VENCES 1994: 320 Paracontias (Malacontias) holomelas — SCHMITZ et al. 2005
Distribution	Madagascar Type locality: “Anzahamaru”, most probably corresponding to a village near Mahanoro, south of Tamatave (= Toamasina) fide Miralles et al. 2016
Reproduction	oviparous (phylogenetic imputation, fide Zimin et al. 2022)
Types	Lectotype: BMNH 1946.8.13.69 (designated by BRYGOO 1980).
Diagnosis
Comment	Limb morphology: Limbless; no ear openings visible.
References	Andreone F., Randrianirina J., Jenkins P.D. & Aprea G. 2000. Species diversity of Amphibia, Reptilia and Lipotyphla (Mammalia) at Ambolokopatrika, a rainforest between the Anjanaharibe-Sud and Marojejy massifs, NE Madagascar. Biodiversity and Conservation 9: 1587–1622 - get paper here Andreone, F. & Greer, A.E. 2002. Malagasy scincid lizards: descriptions of nine new species, with notes on the morphology, reproduction and taxonomy of some previously described species (Reptilia, Squamata: Scincidae). Journal of Zoology 258, 139-181 - get paper here Angel, F. 1942. Les Lézards de Madagascar. Mem. Acad. Malagache, Tananarive XXXVI: 193 pp. Brygoo,E.R. 1980. Systématique des lézards scincides de la région malgache. III. les ‘Acontias’ de Madagascar. Pseudacontias BARBOZA DU BOCAGE, 1899, Paracontias, MOCQUARD 1894, Pseudacontias, HEWITT 1929, et Malacontias, GREER 1970. IV. Amphiglossus reticulatus (KAUD Bull. Mus. natl. Hist. nat. Paris, 4th ser., Sect. A., 2 (3): 905-918 Glaw ,F. & Vences, M. 1994. A Fieldguide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar. Vences & Glaw Verlag, Köln (ISBN 3-929449-01-3) Greer, A.E. 1970. A subfamilial classification of scincid lizards. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 139 (3): 151-184. - get paper here Günther, A. 1877. Descriptions of some new Species of Reptiles from Madagascar. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 19: 313-317. - get paper here Köhler, J.; Vieites, D.R.; Glaw, F.; Kaffenberger, N. & Vences, M. 2009. A further new species of limbless skink, genus Paracontias, from eastern Madagascar. African Journal of Herpetology 58 (2): 98-105 - get paper here Miralles A., Jono T., Mori A., Gandola R., Erens J., Köhler J., Glaw F., Vences M. 2016. A new perspective on the reduction of cephalic scales in fossorial legless skinks (Squamata, Scincidae). Zoologica Scripta doi:10.1111/zsc.12164 - get paper here Schmitz, A.; M.C. Brandley; P. Mausfeld; M. Vences; F. Glaw; R.A. Nussbaum and T.W. Reeder 2005. Opening the black box: phylogenetics and morphological evolution of the Malagasy fossorial lizards of the subfamily “Scincinae”. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 34: 118–133 (published online 2004) - get paper here Whiting, A.S.; Jack W. Sites, Jr. & Aaron M. Bauer 2004. Molecular phylogenetics of Malagasy skinks (Squamata: Scincidae). African Journal of Herpetology 53(2): 135-146 - get paper here Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
External links	IUCN Red List National Center for Biotechnology Information Google images

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