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Pelodiscus maackii (BRANDT, 1858)

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Higher TaxaTrionychidae (Trionychinae), Trionychoidea, Testudines (turtles)
Subspecies 
Common NamesRussian: дальневосточная черепаха, или черепаха Маака
Chinese: 东北鳖 
SynonymTrionyx maackii BRANDT 1858: 609
Amyda maacki — STEJNEGER 1907: 529
Pelodiscus maackii — DAVID 1994: 35
Pelodiscus maackii — FRITZ & HAVAS 2007: 318
Pelodiscus maackii — DAVLETBAKOV et al. 2016
Pelodiscus maackii — TTWG 2021 
DistributionRussia (Amur, Ussuri, Sungari and Liao-che River systems in the Far East) NE China, Democratic Republic of Korea, South Korea (Chkhikvadze 1987), Kyrgyzstan

Type locality: rivers south of the Amur River, namely Sungari and Ussuri Rivers and course of the Amur River between the Sungari and Ussuri Rivers.  
Reproductionoviparous. 
TypesHolotype: unlocated (PP van Dijk, pers. comm. 9 June 2014). 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: The diagnostic morphological features of adults of all five Pelodiscus species are summarized in Table 4 in FARKAS et al. 2019: 78.


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CommentSynonymy mainly after FRITZ & HAVAS 2007. Trionyx maackii BRANDT 1858 was previously considered as a synonym of P. sinensis but resurrected by Chkhikvadze (1987). Pelodiscus maackii and P. parviformis, both harboring distinct mitochondrial lineages, were not differentiated from P. sinensis in the nuclear markers studied by Gong et al. 2018 though.

Habitat: freshwater (rivers and tributaries, swamps)

Distribution: see map in Farkas et al. 2019: 82 (Fig. 6). 
EtymologyTrionyx maacki has been named after a R. Maack, a Russian who traveled in the Amur region in the early 1850ies and who collected the type (of Trionyx maacki). 
References
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Bour, R. 2008. Global diversity of turtles (Chelonii; Reptilia) in freshwater. Hydrobiologia 595:593–598 - get paper here
  • Brandt, Johann F. 1858. Observationes quaedam ad generis trionychum species duas novas spectantes. Bull. Acad. Imper. Sci. St. Petersbourg, classe Phys.-Mathemat., 16(9): cols. 110-111 (reprinted in Mél. Biol. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersbourg 2: 609-610, 1857) - get paper here
  • Chang, Min-Ho; Jae-Young Song and Kyo-Soung Koo 2012. The Status of Distribution for Native Freshwater Turtles in Korea, with Remarks on Taxonomic Position. Korean J. Environ. Biol. 30 (2): 151-155
  • David, Patrick 1994. Liste des reptiles actuels du monde. I. Chelonii. Dumerilia 1: 7-127
  • Davletbakov, A. T.; L. A. Kustareva, D. A. Milko, A. N. Ostastshenko, S. S. Sagymbaev, S. A. Toropov, N. V. Trotchenko 2015. Genetical Fund Cadastre of Kyrgyz Republic. Vol. IV. Phylum Chordata (chordates). Bishkek, 128 p. + XXXVI color tables - get paper here
  • Farkas B, Ziegler T, Pham CT, Ong AV, Fritz U 2019. A new species of Pelodiscus from northeastern Indochina (Testudines, Trionychidae). ZooKeys 824: 71–86 - get paper here
  • Fritz, U. & Havas, P. 2007. CHECKLIST OF CHELONIANS OF THE WORLD. Vertebrate Zoology 57(2): 149-368 - get paper here
  • Gong, Shiping; Melita Vamberger, Markus Auer, Peter Praschag, Uwe Fritz 2018. Millennium-old farm breeding of Chinese softshell turtles (Pelodiscus spp.) results in massive erosion of biodiversity. The Science of Nature 105: 34 - get paper here
  • Maslova I.V., Portnyagina E.Yu., Sokolova D.A., Vorobieva P.A., Akulenko M.V., Portnyagin A.S., Somov A.A. 2018. Distribution of rare and endangered amphibians and reptiles in Primorsky Krai (Far East, Russia). Nature Conservation Research 3 (Suppl.1): 61–72. DOI: 10.24189/ncr.2018.052 - get paper here
  • Schneeweiß, N. & Mix, H. 2011. Pelodiscus maackii - die “See-” Schildkröten am Chanka. Elaphe 19 (2): 30-38
  • Stejneger, LEONHARD H. 1907. Herpetology of Japan and adjacent territory. Bull. US Natl. Mus. 58: xx, 1-577 - get paper here
  • TTWG; Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., Bour, R., Fritz, U., Georges, A., Shaffer, H.B., and van Dijk, P.P. 2021. Turtles of the World: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status (9th Ed.). In: Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., van Dijk, P.P., Stanford, C.B., Goode, E.V., Buhlmann, K.A., and Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds.). Chelonian Research Monographs 8:1–472. doi:10.3854/crm.8.checklist.atlas.v9.2021. - get paper here
  • Wang, Kai; Jinlong Ren, Hongman Chen, Zhitong Lyu, Xianguang Guo Ke Jiang, Jinmin Chen, Jiatang Li, Peng Guo, Yingyong Wang, Jing Che 2020. The updated checklists of amphibians and reptiles of China. Biodiversity Science 28 (2): 189-218 - get paper here
 
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