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Pelusios sinuatus (SMITH, 1838)

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Higher TaxaPelomedusidae, Pelomedusoidea, Pleurodira, Testudines (turtles)
SubspeciesPelusios sinuatus sinuatus (SMITH 1838)
Pelusios sinuatus bottegi (BOULENGER 1895) 
Common NamesE: (East African) Serrated Turtle 
SynonymSternotherus sinuatus SMITH 1838
Sternotherus dentatus PETERS 1848 (nom. nud.)
Sternotherus sinuatus — GRAY 1864: 166
Sternothaerus sinuatus — BOULENGER 1889
Pelusios sinuatus — SCHMIDT 1919
Pelusios sinuatus zuluensis HEWITT 1927
Pelusios sinuatus zuluensis HEWITT 1931: 471
Pelusios sinuatus — LOVERIDGE 1936
Pelusios sinuatus — AUERBACH 1987: 75
Pelusios sinuatus — ERNST & BARBOUR 1989: 23
Pelusios sinuatus — BROADLEY 1998
Pelusios sinuatus — TTWG 2014
Pelusios sinuatus — SPAWLS et al. 2018: 60
Pelusios sinuatus sinuatus — TTWG 2021

Pelusios sinuatus bottegi (BOULENGER 1895)
Sternothaerus bottegi BOULENGER 1895
Pelusios sinuatus leptus HEWITT 1933
Pelusios sinuatus bottegi — VAMBERGER et al. 2019
Pelusios sinuatus bottegi — TTWG 2021 
DistributionE/S Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly Zaire), Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, Ethiopia, Botswana,
Republic of South Africa (Zululand, Transvaal, Natal, Swaziland), Zimbabwe, Malawi, Zambia, Republic of South Sudan (RSS)

Type locality: "Rivers to the north of 25° south latitude," South Africa; restricted to "the Crocodile, Marico confluence, N. Transvaal," Republic of South Africa, by Broadley (1981:675).

bottegi: Zimbabwe, Botswana?, Tanzania, Mozambique, Somalia, Kenya; Type locality: Bardere (Bardera), Somalia.  
Reproductionoviparous. 
TypesHolotype: NMSZ (formerly RSM) 1859.13.1684 (Royal Scottish Museum, Edinburgh)
Holotype: MSNG 2319 [bottegi] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (2102 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSynonymy: Calabresi 1916 and Siebenrock 1916 treated bottegi as a synonym of P. sinuatus. Vamberger et al. 2019 resurrected bottegi as subspecies of P. sinuatus, as the northern clade.

Habitat: freshwater (Lakes, quiet rivers)

Distribution: Vamberger et al. 2019 do not precisely delineate the distribution of both subspecies, but see their map in Fig. 1. 
References
  • Anderson, N.B. 1995. Life History Notes - Pelusios sinuatus. African Herp News (23): 46-46 - get paper here
  • Auerbach, R.D. 1987. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Botswana. Mokwepa Consultants, Botswana, 295 pp.
  • Barnes, Keith 2016. Animals of Kruger National Park. Princeton University Press, ca. 180 pp. - get paper here
  • Bates, M.F.; Branch, W.R., Bauer, A.M.; Burger, M., Marais, J.; Alexander, G.J. & de Villliers, M.S. (eds.) 2014. Atlas and Red List of the Reptiles of South Africa, Lesotho, and Swaziland. Suricata 1. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, 512 pp.
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  • Boulenger, George Albert 1896. Report on Capt. Bottego's second collection of reptiles and batrachians from Somaliland. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova Serie 2, 17: 15-23, 1 plate - get paper here
  • Boulenger,G.A. 1895. Rettili e Batraci. in, Esplorazione del Giuba e dei suoi Affluenti compiuta dal Cap. V. Bottego durante gli Anni 1892-93 sotto gli auspicii della Società Geografica Italiana. Annali Mus. civ. Stor. nat. Giacomo Doria (2) 15: 9-18 - get paper here
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  • Broadley, Donald G. 1997. An anomalous specimen of Pelusios sinuatus lacking mesoplastra. Chelonian Conserv. Biol. 2 (4): 610-611
  • Buruwate, T. C., & Lloyd-Jones, D. J. 2024. Amphibian and Reptile Diversity of Niassa Special Reserve, Northern Mozambique. Journal of East African Natural History, 113(1), 1-18 - get paper here
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  • Farooq, Harith; Cristóvão Nanvonamuquitxo, Bibiana Nassongole, Werner Conradie, Roger Bills, Amadeu Soares, and Alexandre Antonelli 2022. Shedding Light on a Biodiversity Dark Spot: Survey Of Amphibians and Reptiles of Pemba Region in Northern Mozambique. Herpetological Conservation and Biology 17 (2): - get paper here
  • Gray,J.E. 1864. On the species of the genus Sternothaerus, with some observations on Kinixys. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) 13: 165-170 - get paper here
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  • Loveridge, A. 1953. Zoological Results of a fifth expedition to East Africa. III. Reptiles from Nyasaland and Tete. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 110 (3): 142-322. - get paper here
  • McCord, W.P., Joseph-Ouni, M. & Bour, R. 2004. Chelonian Illustrations #17: Eastern and Southern African Mud Turtles. Reptilia (GB) (37): 73-77 - get paper here
  • Miguel, A. R., Kaiser, H., Vargas, N. D., & Borges-Martins, M. 2024. Diversity and natural history of reptiles from coastal environments in Gilé National Park, northern Mozambique. Herpetology Notes, 17, 173-199
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  • Omonona, A.O.; S.G. Olukole, F.A. Fushe 2011. Haematology and serum biochemical parameters in free-ranging African side neck turtle (Pelusios sinuatus) in Ibadan, Nigeria. Acta Herpetologica 6 (2): 267-274 - get paper here
  • Peters, W.C.H. 1848. Ueber eigenthümliche Moschusdrüsen bei Schildkröten. Müller’s Archiv für Anatomie und Physiologie 1848: 492-496
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  • Price, C., Hanzen, C., & Downs, C. T. 2021. Demographics and morphometrics of marsh terrapins (Pelomedusa galeata) and serrated hinged terrapins (Pelusios sinuatus) populations in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: skewed size-class bias concerns. Zoomorphology, 1-9 - get paper here
  • Rödel, M.-O. 1990. Beitrag zur Kenntnis einiger kenianischer Schildkröten und ihrer Lebensräume. Sauria 12 (1): 25-29 - get paper here
  • Rödel, M.O. & Bussmann, R. 1992. Weitere Daten zur Verbreitung und habitatwahl von Geochelone pardalis babcocki (BELL 1826), Pelomedusa subrufa subrufa (LACÉPÈDE 1788) und Pelusios sinuatus (SMITH 1838) in Kenia. Sauria 14 (2): 33-37 - get paper here
  • Scheyer, Torsten M.; Benjamin Brüllmann, and Marcelo R. Sänchez-Villagra 2008. The Ontogeny of the Shell in Side-Necked Turtles, With Emphasis on the Homologies of Costal and Neural Bones. Journal of Morphology 269:1008–1021 - get paper here
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  • Spawls, S.; Howell, K.; Drewes, R.C. & Ashe, J. 2002. A field guide to the reptiles of East Africa. Academic Press, 543 pp. [reviews in HR 34: 396 and Afr. J. Herp. 51; 147] - get paper here
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  • TTWG [Peter Paul van Dijk, John B. Iverson, Anders G.J. Rhodin, H. Bradley Shaffer, and Roger Bour] 2014. Turtles of the World, 7th Edition: Annotated Checklist of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution with Maps, and Conservation Status. 000.v7. Chelonian Research Monographs (ISSN 1088-7105) No. 5, doi:10.3854/crm.5.000.checklist.v7.2014 - get paper here
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  • Vamberger M, Hofmeyr MD, Cook CA, Netherlands EC, Fritz U. 2019. Phylogeography of the East African Serrated Hinged Terrapin Pelusios sinuatus (Smith, 1838) and resurrection of Sternothaerus bottegi Boulenger, 1895 as a subspecies of P. sinuatus. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13(2): [Special Section]: 42–56 (e184) - get paper here
  • Witte, G. F. de & LAURENT,R.F. 1943. Contribution à la systématique des Boiginae du Congo Belge (Rept.) [and errata slip]. Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr. 37: 157-189
 
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