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Phelsuma grandis GRAY, 1870

IUCN Red List - Phelsuma grandis - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaGekkonidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Madagascar Day Gecko
G: Großer Taggecko 
SynonymPhelsuma grandis GRAY 1870
Phelsuma madagascariensis venusta MERTENS 1964
Phelsuma madagascariensis venusta — WERMUTH 1965: 131
Phelsuma madagascariensis notissima MERTENS 1970 (fide MEIER 1982)
Phelsuma madagascariensis grandis — GLAW & VENCES 1994: 291
Phelsuma madagascariensis grandis — RÖSLER 1995: 142
Phelsuma madagascariensis grandis — BERGHOF 2005: 78
Phelsuma grandis — RAXWORTHY et al. 2007
Phelsuma grandis — HALLMANN et al. 2008: 115
Phelsuma grandis — RÖSLER 2018: 25 
DistributionN Madagascar, Nosy Komba, Réunion

Type locality: Madagascar, 25 km south of Diego Suarez (Antsiranana).

Introduced to Florida, incl. Florida Keys (USA)  
ReproductionOviparous. Exhibits temperature‐dependent sex determination (TSD) fide Cornejo-Páramo et al. 2020 (and references therein). 
TypesHolotype: BMNH 1946.8.26.33 
Diagnosis 
CommentSynonymy: Some authors (such as MERTENS 1962) have synonymized grandis with madagascariensis.

Max length: 300 mm 
EtymologyThe specific epithet, grandis, is a Latin adjective, meaning ‘big’ or ‘large’, in reference to the larger body size of this new species compared to most congeners. 
References
  • Andersson, Lars Gabriel 1910. Reptiles and batrachians from the north-west of Madagascar collected by V. Kaudern, 1906-1907. Arkiv för Zoologi 7 (7): 1-15. - get paper here
  • Berghof, H.-P. 2005. Taggeckos. Natur und Tier Verlag, Münster, 144 pp. - get paper here
  • Berghof, H.P. & hoesch, U. 2008. Neue Erkenntnisse bezüglich der Verbreitungsgrenzen von Phelsuma grandis und Phelsuma madagascariensis in Nordost-Madagaskar. Sauria 30 (2): 53-56 - get paper here
  • Berghof, P. 2014. Phelsumenhaltung im Terrarium. Eine Erfolgsstory? Reptilia (Münster) 19 (105): 18-26
  • Bonetti, Mathilde 2002. 100 Sauri. Mondadori (Milano), 192 pp. - get paper here
  • Börner A M; Minuth W 1984. On the taxonomy of the Indian Ocean lizards of the Phelsuma madagascariensis species group (Reptilia, Gekkonidae). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 81 (2) 1984: 243-281 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. Geckonidae, Eublepharidae, Uroplatidae, Pygopodidae, Agamidae. London: 450 pp. - get paper here
  • Budzinski, S. & Budzinski, R.M. 2010. Taggeckos der Insel Mauritius. Draco 11 (43): 45-52 - get paper here
  • Cornejo-Páramo, P., Lira-Noriega, A., Ramírez-Suástegui, C. et al. 2020. Sex determination systems in reptiles are related to ambient temperature but not to the level of climatic fluctuation. BMC Evol Biol 20: 103 - get paper here
  • D'Cruze, Neil; Jeremy Sabel, Jeffrey Dawson, and Sunil Kumar 2009. The Influence of Habitat Type and Structure on the Abundance of Phelsuma madagascariensis grandis (Gekkoninae) in Northern Madagascar. Herp. Cons. Biol. 4: 55-61 - get paper here
  • D'Cruze, Neil; Jeremy Sabel, Katie Green, Jeffrey Dawson, Carlie Gardner, Janine Robinson, Georgina Starkie, Miguel Vences, and Frank Glaw. 2007. The First Comprehensive Survey of Amphibians and Reptiles at Montagne des Francais, Madagascar. Herp. Cons. Biol. 2 (2): 87-99 - get paper here
  • Denzer, W. 1981. Phelsumen - Haltung und Nachzucht im Terrarium. Sauria 3 (1): 23-26 - get paper here
  • DERVIN, SÉBASTIEN; SAMUEL BARET, LUCIE PENIN & MICKAËL SANCHEZ 2013. Régime alimentaire du grand gecko vert de Madagascar, Phelsuma grandis Gray, 1870 sur l'île de La Réunion (Squamata : Gekkonidae). Cahiers scientifiques de l'océan Indien occidental 4: 29-38
  • Drewes, Oliver 2009. Kompaktwissen Taggeckos. Vivaria Verlag, 96 pp.
  • Dubos, Nicolas; Nicola Piludu, Raphali Rodlis Andriantsimanarilafy, Joseph Christian Randrianantoandro and Franco Andreone. 2014. New findings of Phelsuma grandis and P. laticauda (Sauria: Gekkonidae) at the southern edge of the range of the endangered Phelsuma serraticauda in eastern Madagascar. Herpetology Notes 7: 21-23 - get paper here
  • D’Cruze, N.; Köhler, J.; Franzen, M & Glaw, F. 2008. A conservation assessment of the amphibians and reptiles of the Forêt d’Ambre Special Reserve, north Madagascar. MADAGASCAR CONSERVATION & DEVELOPMENT 3 (1): 44-54 - get paper here
  • Fieldsend, T W & Krysko, K L; 2019. Geographic Distribution: Phelsuma grandis (Madagascar Giant Day Gecko) USA: Florida: Monroe Co. Herpetological Review 50 (3): 527 - get paper here
  • Fieldsend, T. W., Krysko, K. L., Sharp, P., & Collins, T. M. 2021. Provenance and genetic diversity of the non-native geckos Phelsuma grandis Gray 1870 and Gekko gecko (Linnaeus 1758) in southern Florida, USA. Biological Invasions, 1-14 - get paper here
  • Fieldsend, Thomas W. and Kenneth L. Krysko 2019. Madagascar Giant Day Gecko (Phelsuma grandis) established in Homestead, Miami-Dade County, Florida, USA. IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians 26 (2): 159–160 - get paper here
  • Fieldsend, Thomas W. and Kenneth L. Krysko 2020. Collecting non-native Madagascar Giant Day Geckos, Phelsuma grandis (Gray 1870), in Florida: A novel approach combining the fishing and glue-trap techniques. IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians 27 (1): 114–115 - get paper here
  • Forsberg, M. 2004. Phelsuma madagascariensis boehmei - the Madagascar Day Gecko. Reptilia (GB) (34): 34-38 [erratum in 36: 47] - get paper here
  • Gehring, P.S. 2007. Verhaltensbeobachtungen an Taggeckos der Gattung Phelsuma im Nordosten Madagaskars mit einem neuen Verbreitungsnachweis für Phelsuma quadriocellata lepida KRÜGER, 1993. Sauria 29 (2): 27-34 - get paper here
  • Glaw ,F. & Vences, M. 1994. A Fieldguide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar. Vences & Glaw Verlag, Köln (ISBN 3-929449-01-3)
  • Glaw, F. & Rösler, H. 2015. Taxonomic checklist of the day geckos of the genera Phelsuma Gray,1825 and Rhoptropella Hewitt,1937 (Squamata: Gekkonidae). Vertebrate Zoology 65 (2): - get paper here
  • Goldberg, S.R. & F. Kraus 2009. Notes on Reproduction of the Introduced Madagascar Day Gecko, Phelsuma grandis (Squamata: Gekkonidae) in Hawaii Bull. Maryland Herpetol. Soc., 45(3): 73-75. - get paper here
  • Gray, J. E. 1831. A synopsis of the species of Class Reptilia. In: Griffith, E & E. Pidgeon: The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organisation by the Baron Cuvier with additional descriptions of all the species hither named, and of many before noticed [V Whittaker, Treacher and Co., London: 481 + 110 pp. [1830] - get paper here
  • Gray, J. E. 1870. Note on a new night-lizard (Phelsuma grandis) from Madagascar. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 6:191 - get paper here
  • Hallmann, G.; Krüger, J. & Trautmann, G. 2008. Faszinierende Taggeckos. Die Gattung Phelsuma. 2. Aufl. Natur und Tier Verlag, Münster, 253 pp. - get paper here
  • Heygen, E.v. 2004. The genus Phelsuma GRAY, 1825 on the Ampasindava peninsula, Madagascar. Phelsuma 12: 99-117
  • Hyde-Roberts, S. & C. Daly 2014. A rapid herpetofaunal assessment of Nosy Komba Island, northwestern Madagascar, with new locality records for seventeen species. Salamandra 50 (1): 18-26 - get paper here
  • Ikeuchi, Isami; Mori, Akira; Hasegawa, Masam 2005. Natural history of Phelsuma madagascariensis kochi from a dry forest in Madagascar. Amphibia-Reptilia 26 (4): 475-483 - get paper here
  • Kearney, Michael and Nicole Kearney 2002. Geckos of the Promised Land: A Magical Month in Madagascar. Gekko 2 (2): 21-28
  • Kober, I. 2004. Der grosse Madagaskar-Taggecko - Phelsuma madagascariensis grandis. Natur und Tier Verlag (Münster), 64 pp. - get paper here
  • Kober, I. 2006. Guter Anfang: der Große Madagaskar-Taggecko (Phelsuma madagascariensis grandis). Terraria 1 (1): 87-89
  • Krüger, Jens 1996. Angaben zur Intergradationszone von Phelsuma m. madagascariensis und Phelsuma m. grandis im Nord-Osten Madagaskars. Salamandra 32 (3): 217-222 - get paper here
  • Krüger, Jens 1999. Neue Erkenntnisse zur Faunistik einiger Reptilien Madagaskars. Salamandra 35 (2): 65-76 - get paper here
  • KRYSKO, K.L. AND KEIDRA J. DANIELS 2005. A Key to the Geckos (Sauria: Gekkonidae) of Florida. Carib. J. Sci. 41 (1): 28-36 - get paper here
  • Krysko, Kenneth L., A. Nichole Hopper, and Coleman M. Sheehy III. 2003. The Madagascar Giant Day Gecko Phelsuma madagascariensis grandis Gray 1870 (Sauria: Gekkonidae): A new established species in Florida. Florida Scientist 66(3): pp. 222-225 - get paper here
  • Krysko, Kenneth L., James G. Duquesnel and Robert N. Reed. 2013. Geographic Distribution: Phelsuma grandis (Madagascar day gecko). Herpetological Review 44 (4): 626 - get paper here
  • Martinez, Angie, Kevin M. Enge and Jonathan D. Mays. 2015. Geographic Distribution: Phelsuma grandis (Madagascar day gecko). Herpetological Review 46 (4): 570 - get paper here
  • Meier, H. 1982. Ergebnisse zur Taxonomie und Ökologie einiger Arten und Unterarten der Gattung Phelsuma auf Madagaskar, gesammelt in den Jahren 1972 bis 1981, mit Beschreibung einer neuen Form (Reptilia: Sauria: Gekkonidae). Salamandra 18 (3-4): 168—190 - get paper here
  • Meier, H. 1989. Zur Faunistik madagassischer Taggeckos der gattung Phelsuma östlich von Fianarantsoa, bei Tamatave und auf der Insel Ste. Marie. Salamandra 25 (3-4): 224-229 - get paper here
  • Meier, H.; Böhme, W. 1991. Zur Arealkunde von Phelsuma madagascariensis GRAY, 1831, anhand der Museumssammlungen A. Koenig und Senckenberg, mit Bemerkungen zur Variabilität von P.m. kochi MERTENS 1954. Salamandra 27 (3): 143-151 - get paper here
  • Mertens, R. 1954. Studien über die Reptilienfauna Madagaskars II. Eine neue Rasse von Phelsuma madagascariensis. Senckenbergiana Biologica 35: 13—16.
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  • Nicolas Dubos. 2013. New locality record for Phelsuma grandis (Sauria: Gekkonidae) in Reunion, in sympatry with the critically endangered Phelsuma inexpectata. Herpetology Notes 6: 309-311.
  • Packard, M. J., and K. F. Hirsch. 1989. Structure of shells from eggs of the geckos Gekko gecko and Phelsuma madagascariensis. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 67(3): 746-758 - get paper here
  • PROBST, J-M. 1997. Animaux de La Réunion - guide d’identification des oiseaux, mammifères, reptiles et amphibiens. Edit. Azalées, 168 pp.
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  • Randriamialisoa, Andriantsimanarilafy RR, Rakotondrina AJV, Rakotoarisoa JA, Nasaina RT, Rabearivony J, Raselimanana AP. 2023. Overview of Reptile Diversity from Bobaomby Complex, Northern Tip of Madagascar. . Animals 13 (21): 3396 - get paper here
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  • Trautmann, G. & Rösler, H. 2007. Zur Widerstandsfähigkeit von Geckoeiern gegenüber relativ hohen Temperaturen. Sauria 29 (4): 53-54 - get paper here
  • Wanger, T. C., I. Motzke, S. C. Furrer & B. Gruber 2009. Movement patterns and habitat selection of the giant day gecko (Phelsuma madagascariensis grandis) in the Masoala rainforest exhibit, Zurich Zoo. Salamandra 45 (3): 147-153 - get paper here
  • Wiegmann,A.F.A. 1834. Herpetologia Mexicana, seu descriptio amphibiorum novae hispaniae , quae itineribus comitis de Sack, Ferdinandi Deppe et Chr. Guil. Schiede im Museum Zoologicum Berolinense Pervenerunt. Pars prima, saurorum species. Berlin, Lüderitz, iv + 54 pp. - get paper here
  • Zimmermann, H. 2001. Das erste “deutsche” Naturschutzgebiet in Madagaskar, der “Drachenbaum-Regenwald Maromiza bei Andasibe und seine Herpetofauna. Herpetofauna 23 (134): 28-34 - get paper here
  • ZUG, G.R. 2013. Reptiles and Amphibians of the Pacific Islands. University of California Press, Berkeley, 306 pp. - get paper here
 
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