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Phelsuma roesleri GLAW, GEHRING, KÖHLER, FRANZEN & VENCES, 2010

IUCN Red List - Phelsuma roesleri - Endangered, EN

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Higher TaxaGekkonidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymPhelsuma roesleri GLAW, GEHRING, KÖHLER, FRANZEN & VENCES 2010
Phelsuma roesleri — RÖSLER 2018: 92 
DistributionN Madagascar (Antsiranana)

Type locality: Ankarana Massif approximately 2 km NE Mahamasina (aerial distance), 12°57’42’’ S, 49°08’59’’ E, 128 m elevation, Antsiranana Province, north Madagascar.  
Reproductionoviparous (manual and phylogenetic imputation, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: ZSM 1517/2008 (FGZC 1828), adult male, hemipenes everted, collected on 24 February 2008 by F. Glaw & Z. T. Nagy. Paratypes: UADBA uncatalogued (FGZC 1645–1646), two specimens (most probably adult) of unknown sex, ZSM 1516/2008 (FGZC 1667), male, all collected at the type locality, on 14 February 2008 by F. Glaw, M. Franzen, J. Köhler, A. G. Rakotovao & K. Zafinasolo. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A comparatively very small, green Phelsuma (snout–vent length 33–36 mm, total length 69–72 mm) with a characteristic colour pattern in life, consisting of four red transverse bands or markings on snout and head, followed by three parallel red stripes along the anterior back that run from neck to forelimb insertion, and a distinct H-, II-, or V-shaped red marking on the lower back. In life, this unique colour pattern alone allows an easy and immediate distinction from all other valid Phelsuma species. In addition, Phelsuma roesleri differs from all other Phelsuma species except P. borai, P. hoeschi, P. kely, P. parva, P. pusilla, and P. vanheygeni, by its distinctly smaller size (snout–vent length 33–36 vs. 43–135 mm; total length 69–72 vs. 90–300 mm). Beside its life colouration, it differs from P. borai by having only one internasal scale (versus three), from the four small species of the P. lineata group (P. hoeschi, P. kely, P. parva, and P. pusilla) by unkeeled ventrals and subcaudals and almost unkeeled dorsals (vs. keeled), and from P. vanheygeni by having the nostril not in contact with the rostral (vs. nostril in contact with rostral according to Rocha et al. 2010). It differs from the similar subspecies P. lineata bombetokensis from northwestern Madagascar by unkeeled ventrals and subcaudals (vs. keeled), less distinctly keeled dorsals, by smaller size (maximum total length 72 vs. 110 mm), the absence of a distinct dark lateral spot behind the forelimb, and by the absence of a dark spot in front of the hindlimb (vs. presence of these spots). Phelsuma roesleri di fers from the phylogenetically related P. laticauda by its much smaller size (total length up to 72 vs. 130 mm), absence of distinctly broadened median subcaudals (vs. presence), and a less broadened tail. In addition, P. roesleri differs from all Phelsuma species and subspecies for which DNA sequence data are available by a strong genet- ic di ferentiation in the studied fragment of the mitochon- drial 16S rRNA gene (see Rocha et al. 2009, 2010).
 
CommentPhoto in Elaphe 18 (2): 23 [2010].

Abundance: only known from the type locality (Meiri et al. 2017). 
EtymologyNamed after Herbert Rösler, in recognition of his contributions to the knowledge of geckos in general and of the genus Phelsuma in particular. 
References
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Gehring, P.S. & Glaw, F. 2010. Bunte Vielfalt in modernem Licht: Taggeckos der Gattung Phelsuma. Draco 11 (43): 4-21
  • Glaw, F. & Rösler, H. 2015. Taxonomic checklist of the day geckos of the genera Phelsuma Gray,1825 and Rhoptropella Hewitt,1937 (Squamata: Gekkonidae). Vertebrate Zoology 65 (2): - get paper here
  • Glaw, F.; Gehring, P.S.; Köhler, J.; Franzen, M. & Vences, M. 2010. A new dwarf species of day gecko, genus Phelsuma, from the Ankarana pinnacle karst in northern Madagascar. Salamandra 46 (2): 83-92 - get paper here
  • Meiri, Shai; Aaron M. Bauer, Allen Allison, Fernando Castro-Herrera, Laurent Chirio, Guarino Colli, Indraneil Das, Tiffany M. Doan, Frank Glaw, Lee L. Grismer, Marinus Hoogmoed, Fred Kraus, Matthew LeBreton, Danny Meirte, Zoltán T. Nagy, Cristiano d 2017. Extinct, obscure or imaginary: the lizard species with the smallest ranges. Diversity and Distributions - get paper here
  • Rösler, H. 2018. Haftbar -- Die einzigartige Welt der Geckos. Begleitheft zur Ausstellung im Naturkundemuseum Erfurt Mai-Aug 2018, 96 pp.
  • Ziegler, Thomas; Joel Kamphausen, Frank Glaw, Angelica Crot- tini,, Gerardo Garcia, Dennis Rödder, Anna Rauhaus, Lilli Sten- ger & Anna Wahle 2022. Threatened Malagasy amphibians and reptiles in zoos – a call for enhanced implementation of the IUCN’s One Plan Approach Zool. Garten N.F. 90: 21-69 - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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