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Philodryas trilineata (BURMEISTER, 1861)

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymHerpetodryas trilineatus BURMEISTER 1861
Dryophylax burmeisteri JAN (fide COPE 1887: 58)
Philodryas burmeisteri — JAN 1861
Dromicus chilensis STEINDACHNER 1867: 40
Atomophis trilineatus — COPE 1887: 58
Philodryas trilineatus — KOSLOWSKY 1895: 368
Philodryas burmeisteri — KOSLOWSKY 1896
Philodryas arenarius ANDERSSON 1898
Chlorosoma burmeisteri — AMARAL 1929
Philodryas burmeisteri — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970
Philodryas burmeisteri — FREIBERG 1982: 139
Philodryas trilineatus — CEI 1993: 643
Philodryas trilineatus — LEYNAUD & BUCHER 1999: 31
Philodryas trilineata — BERNILS et al. 2007
Philodryas trilineata — GRAZZIOTIN et al. 2012
Philodryas trilineata — WALLACH et al. 2014: 552
Philodryas trilineata — MELO-SAMPAIO et al. 2020 
DistributionArgentina (Chubut, Rio Negro, Neuquén, Mendoza, San Luis, San Juan, La Pampa, La Rioja, Catamarca, Tucumán, Salta, Buenos Aires), S Bolivia ?

Type locality: Mendoza, Argentina.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesLectotype: lost, originally ZMUH IV.108, male (K.H.K. Burmeister, 1857-1860), designated by L. Müller (1941: 198), destroyed 31 March-5 April 1945 during World War II, fide WALLACH et al. 2014: 541)
Syntypes: MLUH [burmeisteri] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Ofidio grande y robusto, distinguible de los demás taxa de su género (con la excepción de Philodryas baroni, P. nattereri, y algunas poblaciones de P. aestivus) por tener 21 o más hileras de escamas en el medio del cuerpo. Por otra parte de las especies arriba mencionadas se reconoce por su coloración totalmente diferente y por detalles de lepidosis, tan importantes como la rostral "fragmentada" de P. baroni. (Cei 1993)


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CommentSynonymy after CEI 1993, who states that Philodryas trilineatus might be endemic to Argentina. Map in LEYNAUD & BUCHER 1999 shows a distribution up to the southern border of Bolivia.

Habitat: fully arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018). 
EtymologyNamed after Latin tri = three, and linea = line, even though lines are not visible in many specimens. 
References
  • Alés, Rodrigo Gómez, Nicolás Sisterna, Ana Paula Galdeano and Juan Carlos Acosta. 2016. Philodryas trilineata (Mousehole Snake) Reproduction / Clutch size. Herpetological Review 47 (1): 152 - get paper here
  • BRIZIO, M. V., MINOLI, I., PÉREZ, D. R., & AVILA, L. J. 2023. Reptiles of the Auca Mahuida natural protected area, Argentina. Rev. Mus. Argentino Cienc. Nat., n.s. 25(1): 133-142 - get paper here
  • Burmeister,H. 1861. Reise durch die La Plata Staaten mit besonderer Rücksicht auf die physische Beschaffenheit und den Culturzustand der Argentinischen Republik. Ausgeführt in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859 und 1860. Halle, H.W. Schmidt, 2: iv + 538 pp.
  • Cei, J. M. 1993. Reptiles del noroeste, nordeste y este de la Argentina. Museo Regionale Sci. Naturale Torino, Monografie 14: 1-949
  • Cope, E.D. 1887. Synopsis of the Batrachia and Reptilia obtained by H. H. Smith in the Province of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 24: 44-60 - get paper here
  • Di Pietro, D., S. J. Nenda and S. E. Gómez 2016. Geographic Distribution: Philodryas trilineata. Herpetological Review 47(3): 428. - get paper here
  • Gemel, R.; G. Gassner & S. Schweiger 2019. Katalog der Typen der Herpetologischen Sammlung des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien – 2018. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B 121: 33–248 - get paper here
  • Grazziotin, Felipe G.; Hussam Zaher, Robert W. Murphy, Gustavo Scrocchi, Marco A. Benavides, Ya-Ping Zhang and Sandro L. Bonatto 2012. Molecular phylogeny of the New World Dipsadidae (Serpentes: Colubroidea): a reappraisal. Cladistics DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2012.00393.x - get paper here
  • Harrington, Sean M; Jordyn M de Haan, Lindsey Shapiro, Sara Ruane 2018. Habits and characteristics of arboreal snakes worldwide: arboreality constrains body size but does not affect lineage diversification. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 125 (1): 61–71 - get paper here
  • Koslowsky,J. 1895. Batracios y reptiles de Rioja y Catamarca. Rev. Mus. La Plata 6: 359-370 - get paper here
  • Koslowsky,J. 1896. Sobre algunos reptiles de Patagonia y otras regiones argentinas. Revista Mus. La Plata 7: 447-457 - get paper here
  • Leynaud, Gerardo C. and Enrique H. Bucher 1999. La fauna de serpientes del Chaco Sudamericano: diversidad, distribución geografica y estado de conservación. Academia Nacional de Ciencias Miscelanea (98):1-46
  • Mattison, Chris 2007. The New Encyclopedia of Snakes. Princeton University Press
  • Melo-Sampaio, P. R., Passos, P., Martins, A. R., Moura-leite, J. C., Morato, S. A., Venegas, P. J., Chávez G., Venâncio N.M. & De Souza, M. B. 2020. A phantom on the trees: integrative taxonomy supports a reappraisal of rear-fanged snakes classification (Dipsadidae: Philodryadini). Zoologischer Anzeiger 290: 19-39 [dated 2021 in print version, but 2020 published online] - get paper here
  • Minoli I, Morando M, Avila LJ 2015. Reptiles of Chubut province, Argentina: richness, diversity, conservation status and geographic distribution maps. ZooKeys 498: 103-126. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.498.7476 - get paper here
  • Minoli, Ignacio, Cristian Hernan Fulvio Perez, Diego Janish Alvares and Luciano Javier Avila. 2013. Philodryas trilineata (Argentina mousehold snake) diet. Herpetological Review 44 (4): 696 - get paper here
  • Müller,L. 1941. Über die in der Sammlung des zoologischen Institutes der Universität Halle a. Saale aufbewahrten Amphibien und Reptilientypen. [type catalogue] Zeitschr. f. Naturwiss. 94: 182-205
  • Rolón MCJ, Vera DG, De Los Santos FL, Harkes M, Tettamanti G, Calvo R, Di Pietro DO, Velasco MA, Avila LJ, Williams JD, Kacoliris FP 2024. Herpetofauna of Laguna Blanca National Park, Argentinean Patagonia: species list and conservation status. Neotropical Biology and Conservation 19(1): 35-50 - get paper here
  • Scrocchi, G.J.; Moreta, J.C. & Kretzschmar, S. 2006. Serpientes del Noroeste Argento [Jujuy, Salta, Tucumán, Catamarca, La Rioja, Santiago del Estero]. Fundación Miguel Lillo, Tucumán, 178 pp.
  • Scrocchi, Gustavo J.; Cristian S. Abdala,Javier Nori, Hussam Zaher 2010. Reptiles de la provincia de Río Negro, Argentina. Fondo Ed. Rionegrino, 249 pp.
  • Steindachner, F. 1867. Abhandlung über mehrere neue Reptilien aus Chile, Brasilien und Persien. Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien 1867: 40-41 - get paper here
  • Steindachner, F. 1867. New reptiles from Chili, Brazil, and Persia. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) 19: 228 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Williams,J.D. & Francini,F. 1991. A checklist of the Argentine snakes. Boll. Mus. Reg. Sci. Nat. Torino 9 (1): 55-90
 
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