You are here » home search results Phrynosoma cornutum

Phrynosoma cornutum (HARLAN, 1825)

IUCN Red List - Phrynosoma cornutum - Least Concern, LC

Can you confirm these amateur observations of Phrynosoma cornutum?

Add your own observation of
Phrynosoma cornutum »

Find more photos by Google images search: Google images

Higher TaxaPhrynosomatidae, Phrynosomatinae, Phrynosomatini; Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Texas Horned Lizard
G: Texas-Krötenechse
S: Camaleón Común 
SynonymAgama cornuta HARLAN 1825: 299
Lacerta cornuta — CUVIER 1819: 37 (fide GENTRY 1885)
Tapaya cornuta — CUVIER 1829: 37
Phrynosoma cornutum — GRAY in GRIFFITH 1831: 9
Phrynosoma bufonium WIEGMANN 1828: 367
Phrynosoma harlanii WIEGMANN 1834: 54
Phrynosoma Harlanii — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1837: 314
Tropidogaster cornutus — FITZINGER 1843: 79 (fide GENTRY 1885)
Phrynosoma Harlani — NEILL 1846: 99
Phrynosoma planiceps HALLOWELL 1852: 178
Phrynosoma Harlesii — BRÜHL 1886 (in error)
Phrynosoma cornutum planiceps — BOULENGER 1885: 246
Phrynosoma brevicornis E.G. BOULENGER 1916
Phrynosoma cornutum — SMITH & TAYLOR 1950: 99
Phrynosoma cornutum — STEBBINS 1985: 139
Phrynosoma cornutum — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 112
Phrynosoma cornutum — LINER 1994
Phrynosoma cornutum — LINER 2007
Phrynosoma cornutum cornutum — KÖHLER 2021
Phrynosoma cornutum bufonium — KÖHLER 2021
Phrynosoma cornutum — HEIMES 2022 
DistributionUSA (SE Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, SE Arizona, Texas, NW Louisiana, Oklahoma, North Carolina, introduced to Alabama and Florida),
Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Aguascalientes, San Luis Potosí, Sonora, Tamaulipas),
Canada (British Columbia [fide BOULENGER 1887])

Type locality: Great Plains east of the Rocky Mountains. Restricted to Fort Riley, Geary County, Kansas.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: unknown fide SMITH & TAYLOR 1950
Holotype: ANSP 8641, USNM 143 [planiceps] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A single pair of ocupital spines, a single row of enlarged gular scales, two complete rows of lateral abdominal fringe scales, keeled non-mucronate ventral scales, enlarged modified dorsal scales with 4 distinct keels, and the absence of a postrictal scale distinguish Phrynosoma cornutum from all congeners (Price 1990).


Additional details (46 characters) are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSynonymy after SMITH & TAYLOR 1950. Phrynosoma brevicornis is a mutilated (or abnormal) variant of Phrynosoma cornutum fide Burt 1932.

Hybridization: Healthy P. coronatum and P. cornutum hybrids have been obtained by BAUR (1983).

Population structure: Finger et al. 2022 identified 5 major phylogeographic populations but refrain from taxonomic conclusions given that the detected some gene flow between them.

Diet: primarily ants, but also beetles (Richards & Watson 2024) 
EtymologyThe name cornutum (Latin, “horned”) refers to the distinctive spinose architecture of the head. 
References
  • Aguilar-Morales, Cecilia and Thomas R. Van Devender 2018. Horned Lizards (Phrynosoma) of Sonora, Mexico: Distribution and Ecology. Sonoran Herpetologist 31 (3): 40-50 - get paper here
  • Arenas-Monroy, J.C., U. O. García-Vázquez, R. A. Carbajal-Márquez and A. Cardona-Arceo. 2014. A new state record for Aguascalientes, México: Phrynosoma cornutum (Squamata: Phrynosomatidae), the Texas horned Lizard. Herpetology Notes 7: 551-553 - get paper here
  • Ballinger, R.E. 1974. Reproduction of the Texas Horned Lizard, Phrynosoma cornutum Herpetologica 30 (4): 321-327. - get paper here
  • Barber, Diane M. 2013. Phrynosoma cornutum (Texas horned lizard) predation. Herpetological Review 44 (2): 326 - get paper here
  • BARRETT, LISA P.; KELSEA L. ANTHONY, SAMUEL J. ELIADES, CAMERON D. SILER, BRAD LOCK & REBECCA J. SNYDER. 2022. Personality assessment of headstart Texas horned lizards (Phrynosoma cornutum) in human care prior to release. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 254: 105690. - get paper here
  • Bartlett, R. D. & Bartlett, P. 1999. A Field Guide to Texas Reptiles and Amphibians. Gulf Publishing Co., Houston, Texas, 331 pp.
  • Bauer A.M. and Russell A.P 2017. Carl Bernhard Brühl and the Herpetological Contributions of his Zootomie aller Thierklassen. Bibliotheca Herpetologica 13 (1-2): 4-34 - get paper here
  • Baur, B. 1984. Krötenechsen-Bastarde (Phrynosoma) (Sauria: Iguanidae). Salamandra 20 (2-3): 70-87 - get paper here
  • Baur, B.E. 1986. Longevity of horned lizards of the genus Phrynosoma. Bull. Maryland Herp. Soc. 22 (3): 149-151 - get paper here
  • Beck, P. & W. Bridges 1955. Acclimatization of the Lizard Phrynosoma cornutum on the French Riviera Copeia 1955 (3): 257. - get paper here
  • Bogosian, Victor; Eric C. Hellgren, and Raymond W. Moody 2012. Assemblages of Amphibians, Reptiles, and Mammals on an Urban Military Base in Oklahoma. Southwestern Naturalist 57 (3): 277-284. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 2, Second edition. London, xiii+497 pp. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1887. On the affinity of the north-American lizard fauna. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) 20: 345-346 - get paper here
  • Brudz, Victoria, Rachel Granberg and Robin M. Verble-Pearson. 2014. Phrynosoma cornutum (Texas horned lizard) male-male interactions. Herpetological Review 45 (3): 503-504 - get paper here
  • Brühl, C.B. 1874. Zootomie aller Thierklassen für Lernende, nach Autopsien, skizzirt. Bd. 1-4. Alfred Hölder, Wien: Bd. 1, 86 pp.; Bd. 2, 90 pp.; Bd. 3, 114 pp.; Bd. 4, 152 pp. (published in parts from 1874 to 1888, see Bauer & Russell 2017 for details) - get paper here
  • Burt, Charles E. 1932. The status of the horned lizard Phrynosoma brevicornis, described from Texas by E. G. Boulenger (1916). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 45: 73-74
  • Burt, Charles E. 1935. Further records of the ecology and distribution of amphibians and reptiles in the middle west. American Midland Naturalist 16 (3): 311-336 - get paper here
  • Carbajal-Márquez, Rubén A. and Gustavo E. Quintero-Díaz 2016. The Herpetofauna of Aguascalientes, México. Revista Mexicana de Herpetología 2(1):
  • Conant,R. & Collins,J.T. 1991. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern/Central North America, 3rd ed. Houghton Mifflin (Boston/New York), xx + 450 p.
  • Cooper Jr, William E. and Wade C. Sherbrooke 2018. Crypsis and Flight Initiation Distance in Horned Lizards. Sonoran Herpetologist 31 (3): 51-55 - get paper here
  • Cooper, W.E., Jr. & W.C. Sherbrooke 2009. Prey Chemical Discrimination by Tongue Flicking Is Absent in the Texas Horned Lizard, Phrynosoma cornutum Journal of Herpetology 43 (4): 688-692. - get paper here
  • Cooper, William E. and Wade C. Sherbrooke. 2010. Initiation of escape behavior by the Texas horned lizard (Phrynosoma cornutum). Herpetologica 66 (1): 23-30 - get paper here
  • Cope, E.D. 1900. The crocodilians, lizards and snakes of North America. Ann. Rep. U.S. Natl. Mus. 1898: 153-1270 - get paper here
  • Crother, B. I. (ed.) 2012. Standard Common and Current Scientific Names for North American Amphibians, Turtles, Reptiles, and Crocodilians, Seventh Edition. Herpetological Circular 39: 1-92
  • Cuvier, G. J. L. N. F. D. 1829. Le Regne Animal Distribué, d'apres son Organisation, pur servir de base à l'Histoire naturelle des Animaux et d'introduction à l'Anatomie Comparé. Nouvelle Edition [second edition]. Vol. 2. Les Reptiles. Déterville, Paris, i-xvi, 1-406 - get paper here
  • Daniel F. Hughes, Walter E. Meshaka, Carl S. Lieb & Joseph H. K. Pechmann 2019. Latitudinal Variation in Life History Reveals a Reproductive Advantage in the Texas Horned Lizard (Phrynosoma cornutum). Copeia Nov 2019 Vol. 107, No. 4: 736-747 - get paper here
  • Davis DR, LaDuc TJ 2018. Amphibians and reptiles of C. E. Miller Ranch and the Sierra Vieja, Chihuahuan Desert, Texas, USA. ZooKeys 735: 97-130 - get paper here
  • de Grijs,P. 1899. Notes on the faculty of changing colour in reptiles. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) 3: 396-402 - get paper here
  • Degenhardt, William G.; C. W. Painter, and A. H. Price 1996. Amphibians and reptiles of New Mexico. Univ. New Mexico Press, 431 pp.
  • Dixon, James R. 2000. Amphibians and reptiles of Texas, second edition. Texas A&M University Press, 421 pp.
  • Duméril, A. M. C. and G. Bibron. 1837. Erpétologie Générale ou Histoire Naturelle Complete des Reptiles. Vol. 4. Libr. Encyclopédique Roret, Paris, 570 pp. - get paper here
  • Duran M 2021. An annotated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of North Padre Island, Texas, USA, with comparisons to adjacent barrier island and mainland herpetofauna. ZooKeys 1073: 119-175 - get paper here
  • Edwards, C.L. 1896. Notes on the biology of Phrynosoma cornutum Harlan. Zool. Anz. 19: 108-111 - get paper here
  • Eifler, Douglas A.; Maria A. Eifler, and Tracey K. Brown 2012. Habitat Selection by Foraging Texas Horned Lizards, Phrynosoma cornutum. Southwestern Naturalist Mar 2012, Vol. 57, No. 1: 39-43. - get paper here
  • ELIADES, SAMUEL J.; KATHERINE M. STROH, CAMERON D. SILER, RAYMOND W. MOODY, REBECCA J. SNYDER, LISA P. BARRETT & BRAD LOCK. 2022. PHRYNOSOMA CORNUTUM (Texas Horned Lizard). BEHAVIOR. Herpetological Review 53 (1): 134–135.
  • Endriss, Debora A.; Eric C. Hellgren, Stanley F. Fox, and Raymond W. Moody 2007. DEMOGRAPHY OF AN URBAN POPULATION OF THE TEXAS HORNED LIZARD (PHRYNOSOMA CORNUTUM) IN CENTRAL OKLAHOMA. Herpetologica 63 (3): 320-331 - get paper here
  • Fabian, B. F 2014. Überlegungen zur Ernährung von Krötenechsen. Reptilia (Münster) 19 (107): 24-29
  • Fair, W.S. & S.E. Henke 1999. Movements, Home Ranges, and Survival of Texas Horned Lizards (Phrynosoma cornutum) Journal of Herpetology 33 (4): 517-525. - get paper here
  • Finger, Nicholas; Keaka Farleigh, Jason T Bracken, Adam D Leaché, Olivier François, Ziheng Yang, Tomas Flouri, Tristan Charran, Tereza Jezkova, Dean A Williams, Christopher Blair 2022. Genome-Scale Data Reveal Deep Lineage Divergence and a Complex Demographic History in the Texas Horned Lizard (Phrynosoma cornutum) throughout the Southwestern and Central United States. Genome Biology and Evolution, Volume 14, Issue 1, January 2022, evab260, - get paper here
  • Fitzinger, L. 1843. Systema Reptilium, fasciculus primus, Amblyglossae. Braumüller et Seidel, Wien: 106 pp. - get paper here
  • Frierson, L.S., Jr. 1927. Phrynosoma cornutum (Harlan) in Louisiana Copeia 165: 114. - get paper here
  • Gatica-Colima, Ana, Antonio Robles-Hernandez, Luis Armando Rivera-Hernandez and Alvaro Torres-Duran. 2016. Phrynosoma cornutum (Texas Horned Lizard) Mortality. Herpetological Review 47 (2): 301 - get paper here
  • Gibbons, Whit; Judy Greene, and Tony Mills 2009. LIZARDS AND CROCODILIANS OF THE SOUTHEAST. University of Georgia Press, 240 pp.
  • Gloyd, Howard K. 1937. A herpetological consideration of faunal areas in Southern Arizona. Bulletin of the Chicago Academy of Sciences 5 (5): 77-136 - get paper here
  • Goff, C. 1935. An Additional Note on Phrynosoma cornutum in Florida. Copeia, 1935(1), 45-45 - get paper here
  • Gray, J. E. 1831. A synopsis of the species of Class Reptilia. In: Griffith, E & E. Pidgeon: The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organisation by the Baron Cuvier with additional descriptions of all the species hither named, and of many before noticed [V Whittaker, Treacher and Co., London: 481 + 110 pp. [1830] - get paper here
  • Guyer, Craig; Mark A. Bailey, and Robert H. Mount 2018. Lizards and snakes of Alabama. University of Alabama Press, 397 pp. - get paper here
  • Hallowell,E. 1852. Descriptions of new species of reptiles inhabiting North America. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 6: 177-182 - get paper here
  • Haney, Jared W., Joseph A. Veech, Ivan Castro-Arellano & Sarah R. Fritts. 2022. Museum and Citizen-Science Data Indicate Contraction in the Range of Texas Horned Lizards (Phrynosoma cornutum). Herpetologica 78(2): 102–109. - get paper here
  • Harlan, R. 1825. Description of a new species of Agama. J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 4: 296-305 - get paper here
  • Heimes, P. 2022. LIZARDS OF MEXICO - Part 1 Iguanian lizards. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt Am Main, 448 pp. - get paper here
  • Hernandez T, Herr MW, Stevens S, Cork K, Medina-Nava C, Vialpando CJ, Warfel T, Fields N, Brodie C, Graham SP 2019. New distribution records for amphibians and reptiles in eastern Chihuahua, Mexico. Check List 15(1): 79-86 - get paper here
  • Hewatt, W. 1937. Courting and Egg-Laying Habits of Phrynosoma cornutum. Copeia, 1937(4), 234-234 - get paper here
  • HUERTA, J. O., AND S. E. HENKE 2020. Phrynosoma cornutum (Texas Horned Lizard). Cover. Herpetological Review 51: 130-131.
  • Huerta, Javier O.; Delanie E. Slifka, Scott E. Henke 2021. Field observation of Texas Horned Lizard, Phrynosoma cornutum (Harlan, 1825), blood-squirting behaviour elicited by a passing vehicle. Herpetology Notes 14: 383-384
  • Jameson, David H.;Flury, Alvin G. 1949. The reptiles and amphibians of the Sierra Vieja Range of southwestern Texas. Texas Journal of Science 1 (2): 54-77 - get paper here
  • Jensen, John B. 1994. Phrynosoma cornutum (Texas horned lizard). USA: Florida. Herpetological Review 25 (4): 165 - get paper here
  • Jones, L.L. & Lovich, R.E. 2009. Lizards of the American Southwest. A photographic field guide. Rio Nuevo Publishers, Tucson, AZ, 568 pp. [review in Reptilia 86: 84] - get paper here
  • Kemmer, Jacob A. and Andrew C. Kasner. 2015. Geographic Distribution: Phrynosoma cornutum (Texas horned lizard). Herpetological Review 46 (2): 217-218 - get paper here
  • Kour, E.L. & V.H. Hutchison 1970. Critical thermal Tolerances and Heating and Cooling Rates of Lizards from Diverse Habitats Copeia 1970 (2): 219-229. - get paper here
  • Lara-Reséndiz Rafael A., Arenas-Moreno Diego M., Beltrán-Sánchez Elizabeth, Gramajo Weendii, Verdugo-Molina Javier, Sherbrooke Wade C. et al. 2015. Selected body temperature of nine species of Mexican horned lizards (Phrynosoma). Rev. Mex. Biodiv. 86 (1): 275-278. - get paper here
  • Lara-Resendiz, Rafael A., Hector Gadsden and Fausto R. Mendez-de la Cruz. 2013. Phrynosoma cornutum (Texas horned lizard) nocturnal activity. Herpetological Review 44 (2): 326-327 - get paper here
  • Lazcano D, Nevárez-de los Reyes M, García-Padilla E, Johnson JD, Mata-Silva V, DeSantis DL, Wilson LD. 2019. The herpetofauna of Coahuila, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13(2) [General Section]: 31–94 (e189) - get paper here
  • Lazcano, D. E. Bailón-Cuellar, G. Ruiz-Ayma, R. Mercado-Hernández, B. Navarro-Velázquez, L. D. Wilson, G. L. Powell, and A. P. Russell. 2017. Texas Horned Lizards (Phrynosoma cornutum) as prey in Swainson’s Hawk (Buteo swainsoni) nest sites at La Reserva de la Biosfera de Janos, Chihuahua, Mexico. Mesoamerican Herpetology 4(4): 886–900 - get paper here
  • Lazcano, David, Ramiro David Jacobo Galvan, Cristina Garcia de la Peña and Gamaliel Castañeda G. 2006. Phrynosoma cornutum Mortality. Herpetological Review 37 (1): 91 - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal JA, Smith GR, Gadsden-Esparza H, Valdez-Lares R, Woolrich-Piña GA 2018. Amphibians and reptiles of the state of Durango, Mexico, with comparisons with adjoining states. ZooKeys 748: 65-87 - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal JA, Smith GR, Rorabaugh JC 2019. A conservation checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Sonora, Mexico, with updated species lists. ZooKeys 829: 131-160 - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal JA, Smith GR, Woolrich-Piña GA 2018. Amphibians and reptiles of the state of San Luis Potosí, Mexico, with comparisons with adjoining states. ZooKeys 753: 83-106 - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal, J.A. & Smith, H.M. 2007. Amphibians and reptiles of the state of Coahuila, Mexico. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, 550 pp.
  • Lemos-Espinal, J.A. & Smith, H.M. 2007. Amphibians and reptiles of the state of Chihuahua, Mexico. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, 613 pp.
  • Lemos-Espinal, Julio A. and James R. Dixon 2013. Amphibians and Reptiles of San Luis Potosí. Eagle Mountain Publishing, xii + 300 pp.
  • Lemos-Espinal, Julio A., David Chiszar, and Hobart M. Smith 2004. Selected Records of 2003 Lizards from Chihuahua and Sonora, Mexico. Bull. Chicago Herp. Soc. 39 (9): 164-168 - get paper here
  • Liner, Ernest A. 2007. A CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES OF MEXICO. Louisiana State University Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural Science 80: 1-60 - get paper here
  • Liner, Ernest A.;Montanucci, Richard R.;González-Alonso, Arturo;Mendoza Quijano, Fernando 1993. An additional contribution to the herpetology of Northern Coahuila, Mexico. Bol. Soc. Herpetol. Mex. 5 (1): 9-11 - get paper here
  • Lutterschmidt, William I. 2013. REPTILES IN RESEARCH: INVESTIGATIONS OF ECOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY, AND BEHAVIOR FROM DESERT TO SEA. Nova Science, New York, 527 pp. - get paper here
  • Marr, John C. 1944. Notes on amphibians and reptiles from the Central United States. American Midland Naturalist 32: 478-490 - get paper here
  • Martin, Plul S. 1958. A biogeography of reptiles and amphibians in the Gomez Farias Region, Tamaulipas, Mexico. Miscellaneous publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan (101): 1-102 + 7 plates - get paper here
  • Meshaka Jr., Walter E. 2011. A RUNAWAY TRAIN IN THE MAKING: THE EXOTIC AMPHIBIANS, REPTILES, TURTLES, AND CROCODILIANS OF FLORIDA. Herp. Cons. Biol. 6 (Monograph 1): 1-101 - get paper here
  • Meyers, J.J.; Herrel, A. & Nishikawa, K. 2006. Morphological correlates of ant eating in horned lizards (Phrynosoma). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 89: 13–24 - get paper here
  • Middendorf, G.A., III & W.C. Sherbrooke 1992. Canid elicitation of blood-squirting in a horned lizard (Phrynosoma cornutum) Copeia 1992 (2): 519-527. - get paper here
  • Milne, L. 1938. Mating of Phrynosoma cornutum Copeia, 1938(4), 200-201 - get paper here
  • Moeller, B.A., E.C. Hellgren, D.C. Ruthven III, R.T. Kazmaier & D.R. Synatzske 2005. Temporal Differences in Activity Patterns of Male and Female Texas Horned Lizards (Phrynosoma cornutum) in Southern Texas Journal of Herpetology 39 (2): 336-339. - get paper here
  • Montgomery, C.E., S.P. Mackessy & J.C. Moore 2003. Body Size Variation in the Texas Horned Lizard, Phrynosoma cornutum, from Central Mexico to Colorado Journal of Herpetology 37 (3): 550-553. - get paper here
  • Montgomery, Chad;Childers, Theresa;Manzer, Jerry D.;Bergman, Enoch;Sifert, James;Hill, Ben;Mackessy, Stephen P. 1998. Geographic Distribution. Phrynosoma cornutum. Herpetological Review 29 (2): 110 - get paper here
  • Mook, J., Burchette, M., Degregorio, B., Bobosian, V., III, Schauber, E. & Moody, R.W. 2017. Phrynosoma cornutum (Texas Horned Lizard). Herpetological Review 48 (3): 655-656. - get paper here
  • Mook, Jennie, Schauber, Eric, Vesy, Miranda, Moody, Raymond W. and Nolan, Donna 2017. Phrynosoma cornutum (Texas Horned Lizard) Behavior. Herpetological Review 48 (1): 197-198 - get paper here
  • Munger, J.C. 1986. Rate of Death Due to Predation for Two Species of Horned Lizard, Phrynosoma cornutum and P. modestum Copeia 1986 (3): 820-824. - get paper here
  • Neill,Patrick 1846. Notes on Phrynosoma Harlani, Wieg. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (1) 17: 99-100 - get paper here
  • Nevárez-de-los-Reyes, Manuel, David Lazcano, Elí García-Padilla, Vicente Mata-Silva, Jerry D. Johnson and Larry David Wilson. 2016. The Herpetofauna of Nuevo León, Mexico: Composition, Distribution, and Conservation. Mesoamerican Herpetology 3 (3): 558–638 - get paper here
  • Palmer, W.M. & Braswell, A.L. 1995. Reptiles of North Carolina. Univ. North Carolina Press
  • Parker, W.S. 1973. Notes on reproduction of some lizards from Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, and Utah Herpetologica 29 (3): 258-264. - get paper here
  • Potter, G., & Glass, H. 1931. A Study of Respiration in Hibernating Horned Lizards, Phrynosoma cornutum. Copeia, 1931(3), 128-131 - get paper here
  • Powell, G. L. and A. P. Russell 2023. The horns of horned lizards (Phrynosomatidae: Phrynosoma): the long road to their conceptualization as unique lacertilian features with individual identity. Bibliotheca Herpetologica 17(10):86–107 - get paper here
  • Presch,W. 1969. Evolutionary osteology and relationships of the horned lizard genus Phrynosoma (family Iguanidae). Copeia 1969 (2): 250-275 - get paper here
  • Price, A. H. 1990. Phrynosoma cornutum (Harlan): Texas Horned Lizard. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles 469: 1-7 - get paper here
  • Prieto, A.A., Jr. & W.G. Whitford 1971. Physiological Responses to Temperature in the Horned Lizards, Phrynosoma cornutum and Phrynosoma douglassii Copeia 1971 (3): 498-504. - get paper here
  • Ramakrishnan, Shantini; Alexander J. Wolf, Eric C. Hellgren, Raymond W. Moody, and Victor Bogosian III 2018. Diet Selection by a Lizard Ant-Specialist in an Urban System Bereft of Preferred Prey. Journal of Herpetology 52 (1): 79-85 - get paper here
  • Reeder,T.W. & Montanucci,R.R. 2001. Phylogenetic analysis of the horned lizards (Phrynomomatidae: Phrynosoma): evidence from mitochondrial DNA and morphology. Copeia 2001 (2): 309-323 - get paper here
  • Richards, Hannah; Charles M. Watson 2024. EVIDENCE OF ALTERNATIVE PREY SELECTION BY THE ANT SPECIALIST, PHRYNOSOMA CORNUTUM. The Southwestern Naturalist, 67(4), 298-300 - get paper here
  • Sattler, Paul W.; Ries, J. Scott 1995. Intraspecific genetic variation among four populations of the Texas horned lizard, Phrynosoma cornutum. Journal of Herpetology 29 (1): 137-141 - get paper here
  • Schmidt, Justin O. S 2019. Predator–Prey Battle of Ecological Icons: Horned Lizards (Phrynosoma spp.) and Harvester Ants (Pogonomyrmex spp.). Copeia 107 (3): 404-410 - get paper here
  • Schmidt, K.P., and D. Owens. 1944. Amphibians and reptiles of northern Coahuila, Mexico. Field Museum of Natural History, Zoological Series. Chicago. 29: 97-115. - get paper here
  • Sherbrooke, W. C. 2004. Integumental water movement and rate of water ingestion during rain harvesting in the Texas horned lizard, Phrynosoma cornutum. Amphibia-Reptilia 25 (1): 29-39 - get paper here
  • Sherbrooke, W. C., Mitchell, A., Sweet, K., Searles, L. & Braastad, D. 2012. Negative oral responses of a non-canid mammalian predator (bobcat, Lynx rufus; Felidae) to ocular-sinus blood-squirting of Texas and regal horned lizards, Phrynosoma cornutum and Phrynosoma solare. Herpetological Review 43: 386-391 - get paper here
  • Sherbrooke, W.C. 1990. Rain-harvesting in the Lizard, Phrynosoma cornutum: Behavior and Integumental Morphology Journal of Herpetology 24 (3): 302-308. - get paper here
  • Sherbrooke, W.C. & G.A. Middendorf, III. 2004. Responses of kit foxes (Vulpes macrotis) to antipredator blood-squirting and blood of texas horned lizards (Phrynosoma cornutum) Copeia 2004 (3): 652-658. - get paper here
  • Sherbrooke, Wade C. 2003. Introduction to Horned Lizards of North America. University of California Press, Berkeley, 178 pp. - get paper here
  • Sherbrooke, Wade C. 2017. Antipredator Nest Guarding by Female Horned Lizards (Phrynosoma): Iguanian Parental Care. Herpetologica Dec 2017, Vol. 73, No. 4: 331-337. - get paper here
  • SHERBROOKE, WADE C. 2022. PHRYNOSOMA CORNUTUM (Texas Horned Lizard). PREDATOR ATTACK SURVIVAL. Herpetological Review 53 (1): 135–136.
  • Smith, H. M., & Burger, W.L. 1950. Herpetological results of the University of Illinois field expedition, Spring 1949. III. Sauria. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science 53 (2): 165-175 - get paper here
  • Smith, H.M. 1935. Miscellaneous notes on Mexican lizards. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 22: 119-156 - get paper here
  • Smith, H.M. & Taylor,E.H. 1950. An annotated checklist and key to the reptiles of Mexico exclusive of the snakes. Bull. US Natl. Mus. 199: 1-253 - get paper here
  • Smith, Hobart M. 1934. Notes on some lizards of the genus Phrynosoma from Mexico. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science 37: 287-297 - get paper here
  • Smith, Hobart M. 1946. Handbook of Lizards: Lizards of the United States and of Canada. Comstock, Ithaca, NY, xxii + 557 pp.
  • Smith, Hobart M.;Leonard, Arthur B. 1934. Distributional records of reptiles and amphibians in Oklahoma. American Midland Naturalist 15: 190-196 - get paper here
  • Stebbins,R.C. 1985. A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians, 2nd ed. Houghton Mifflin, Boston
  • STROH, KATHERINE M.; SAMUEL J. ELIADES, MADELYN R. KIRSCH & RAYMOND W. MOODY. 2022. PHRYNOSOMA CORNUTUM (Texas Horned Lizard). PREDATION. Herpetological Review 53 (3): 499–500.
  • Swann, D.E., K.E. Bonine, and R.A. Repp. 2007. The Longhorn: Texas Horned Lizard (Phrynosoma cornutum). Herpetofauna of the 100 Mile Circle. Sonoran Herpetologist 20 (8):80-81. - get paper here
  • Tanner, W.W. 1987. Lizards and turtles of Western Chihuahua. Great Basin Naturalist. 47: 383-421 - get paper here
  • Taylor, Edward H. 1952. Third contribution of the herpetology of the Mexican state of San Luis Potosí. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 34 (13): 793-815 - get paper here
  • Taylor-Young, M. 2011. The Guide to Colorado Reptiles and Amphibians. Fulcrum Publishing, Golden, Colorado, 169 pp.
  • Terán-Juárez, Sergio A., Elí García Padilla, Vicente Mata-Silva, Jerry D. Johnson and Larry David Wilson. 2016. The herpetofauna of Tamaulipas, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Mesoamerican Herpetology 3 (1): 43–113 - get paper here
  • Thibodeau, M., et al. 2017. Phrynosoma cornutum (Texas Horned Lizard) Prey. Herpetological Review 48 (2): 440 - get paper here
  • Valdez-Lares, R.; R. Muñiz-Martínez; E.Gadsden; G. Aguirre-León; G. Castañeda-Gaytán; R. Gonzalez-Trápaga 2013. Checklist of amphibians and reptiles of the state of Durango, México. Check List 9 (4):714-724 - get paper here
  • Van Denburgh, John and Joseph R. Slevin 1913. A list of the amphibians and reptiles of Arizona, with notes on the species in the collection of the Academy. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 3 (13): 391-454 - get paper here
  • Veech, Joseph A. & Tempest Cave 2021. Using Road Surveys and N-Mixture Models to Estimate the Abundance of a Cryptic Lizard Species. Journal of Herpetology 55 (1): 46-54 - get paper here
  • Vitt, L.J. 1977. Observations on clutch and egg size and evidence for multiple clutches in some lizards of southwestern United States [with data for many species] Herpetologica 33 (3): 333-338. - get paper here
  • Werning, H. 2014. Krötenechsen – eine (sehr gute) Laune der Natur. Reptilia (Münster) 19 (107): 16-23
  • Werning, H. 2015. Jurassic World im Wohnzimmer. Mini-Dinos für das Terrarium. Reptilia (Münster) 20 (114): 26-37 - get paper here
  • Werning, Heiko 2012. Die Reptilien und Amphibien des Südwestens. Draco 13 (50): 18-60 - get paper here
  • Whitford, W.B. & W.G. Whitford 1973. Combat in the Horned Lizard, Phrynosoma cornutum Herpetologica 29 (2): 191-192. - get paper here
  • Wiegmann,A.F.A. 1828. Beyträge zur Amphibienkunde. Isis von Oken 21 (4): 364-383 - get paper here
  • Wiegmann,A.F.A. 1834. Herpetologia Mexicana, seu descriptio amphibiorum novae hispaniae , quae itineribus comitis de Sack, Ferdinandi Deppe et Chr. Guil. Schiede im Museum Zoologicum Berolinense Pervenerunt. Pars prima, saurorum species. Berlin, Lüderitz, iv + 54 pp. - get paper here
  • Wilgers, D.J.; Horne, E.A.; Sandercock, B.K. & Volkmann, A.W. 2006. Effects of rangeland management on community dynamics of the herpetofauna of the Tall-grass Prairie [Flint Hills, Kansas/Oklahoma]. Herpetologica 62 (4): 378-388 - get paper here
  • Winton, W.M. 1916. Habits and Behavior of the Texas Horned Lizard, Phrynosoma cornutum, Harlan. I. Copeia 36: 81-84. - get paper here
  • Winton, W.M. 1917. Habits and Behavior of the Texas Horned Lizard, Phrynosoma cornutum, Harlan. II. Copeia 39: 7-8. - get paper here
  • Wolf, Alexander J., Jennie Mook, Miranda Vesy, Raymond W. Moody and Donna Nolan 2015. Phrynosoma cornutum (Texas horned lizard) habitat. Herpetological Review 46 (4): 633-634. - get paper here
  • Wolf, Alexander J.; Eric C. Hellgren, Victor Bogosian, and Raymond W. Moody 2013. Effects of Habitat Disturbance on Texas Horned Lizards: An Urban Case Study. Herpetologica 69 (3): 265-281. - get paper here
  • Yancy, Franklin D.;Roberts, Kristie Jo 1996. Geographic Distribution. Phrynosoma cornutum. Herpetological Review 27 (4): 211 - get paper here
 
External links  
Is it interesting? Share with others:

As link to this species use URL address:

https://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Phrynosoma&species=cornutum

without field 'search_param'. Field 'search_param' is used for browsing search result.



Please submit feedback about this entry to the curator