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Phyllodactylus reissii PETERS, 1862

IUCN Red List - Phyllodactylus reissii - Least Concern, LC

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Higher TaxaPhyllodactylidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Peters' Leaf-toed Gecko
G: Peruanischer Blattfingergecko 
SynonymPhyllodactylus reissii PETERS 1862: 626
Phyllodactylus reissii — COPE 1878: 37
Phyllodactylus reissii — BOULENGER 1885: 80
Phyllodactylus baessleri WERNER 1901: 2
Phyllodactylus guayaquilensis WERNER 1910: 4
Phyllodactylus baessleri — WERNER 1910: 5
Phyllodactylus abrupteseriatus WERNER 1913
Phyllodactylus abrupteseratus [sic] WERNER 1913 (fide HALLERMANN 1998)
Phyllodactylus magister NOBLE 1924: 110
Phyllodactylus reissii — TAYLOR 1942: 110
Phyllodactylus reissii — DIXON & HUEY 1970: 50
Phyllodactylus reissii — KLUGE 1993
Phyllodactylus quayaquilensis [sic] — HALLERMANN 1998
Phyllodactylus reissii — RÖSLER 2000: 104
Phyllodactylus reissii — AURICH et al. 2015 
DistributionEcuador (Guayaquil Perico/Rio Chinchipe Chanchamayo), Peru (Cajamarca, Piura), introduced to the Galapagos Islands (Hoogmoed 1989, SWASH & STILL 2000), elevation 0-2000 m.

Type locality: “in der Nähe der Guayaquil” [Ecuador]  
Reproductionoviparous. Gravid females of Phyllodactylus reissii were detected end of March (CORBIDI 5693) and in July (ZFMK 88744, 88745), each containing two eggs. Three juveniles with a SVL of 28 mm (CORBIDI 5689), 31 mm (ZFMK 90877), and 34 mm (CORBIDI 5690) were found in March 2009. Two subadults (CORBIDI 5687, 5688) with a SVL of 41 mm and 36 mm, respectively, were collected in March 2009. In Pucará we found P. reissii in sympatry with the congener P. johnwrighti (Koch et al. 2016). 
TypesLectotype: ZMB 4567, adult female, designated by DIXON & HUEY 1970; other syntypes include ZMB 3734 (4); the lectotype is also cited as BMNH 4567 by Dixon & Huey. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis and comparison. Phyllodactylus reissii is a comparatively large species, probably reaching a SVL of 75 mm (according to data of Dixon & Huey 1970). Thus, by its larger size this species can be distinguished from all species of Phyllodactylus found in mainland South America except P. delsolari, P. dixoni, P. pachamama and P. ventralis. It can further be distinguished from P. thompsoni by the lack of an enlarged postanal plate and from P. angustidigitus, P. heterurus, and P. gerrhopygus by the absence of a preanal plate. By having ≥10 well-defined rows of enlarged, trihedral keeled tubercles on the dorsum, P. reissii differs from P. angustidigitus, P. gerrhopygus, P. heterurus (dorsal tubercles absent in all three species), P. delsolari, P. inaequalis (fewer than 10 poorly defined rows of small, smooth, round tubercles in both species), and P. microphyllus (dorsal tubercular rows indistinct, composed of small flat, oval tubercles. Phyllodactylus sentosus (26–31) generally has a lower number of paravertebral tubercles between rear of head and cloaca. By the presence of tubercles on the tibia, P. reissii can further be differentiated from P. angustidigitus, P. clinatus, P. delsolari, P. gerrhopygus, P. inaequalis, P. interandinus, P. lepidopygus, and P. microphyllus, and by the absence of tubercles on the forearm it can be differentiated from P. dixoni, P. kofordi, P. sentosus, and P. ventralis. The absence of tubercles on the tail further differentiates it from P. heterurus, P. kofordi, P. pumilus, and P. sentosus. In contrast to P. angustidigitus, P. microphyllus and P. sentosus, P. reissii possesses large terminal lamellae. It further differs from P. magister by the absence of small tubercles on the thigh (present in about half of the in P. magister). On average the number of scales around midbody (69-102, mean 84.1) is lower when compared to P. magister (78-114, mean 90.3) and P. pachamama (92-116, mean 103.0). Compared to P. magister the anterior edge of the ear opening is strongly denticulated with pointed scales (smooth or only slightly denticulated in most specimens of P. magister). (Koch et al. 2016, see also Dixon & Huey 1970 for a redescription).


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CommentSynonymy: mostly after DIXON & HUEY 1970, KOCH et al. 2016. 
EtymologyNamed after Carl Reiss, a German living in Ecuador. He regularly sent specimens, including this gecko, to Peters, who mentions him as the source of material from Guayaquil in the early 1860s. 
References
  • Aurich, Janina; Claudia Koch, Wolfgang Böhme 2015. Reproduction in a gecko assemblage (Squamata: Phyllodactylidae) in the Marañon Region (Peru) and comments on the largest gecko in the New World. Phyllomedusa 14 (1): 53-62 - get paper here
  • Bastinck, J. 2006. Taxonomie van de bladvingergeckko’s. Lacerta 64 (1): 11-18 - get paper here
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. Geckonidae, Eublepharidae, Uroplatidae, Pygopodidae, Agamidae. London: 450 pp. - get paper here
  • Carillo de Espinoza,N. et al. 1990. Radiation and convergence among desert geckoes: Phyllodactylus species resembling both Ptyodactylus and Stenodactylus. Amphibia-Reptilia 11: 1-13 - get paper here
  • Catenazzi 2007. Distribution of geckos in northern Peru: Long-term effect of strong ENSO [El Niño Southern Oscillation] events? Journal of Arid Environments 71: 327–332 - get paper here
  • Chávez, G. & Venegas, P. 2007. Looking for Macanches in the dry forest of Peru. Reptilia (GB) (51): 54-59 - get paper here
  • Cisneros-Heredia DF. 2018. Non-native small terrestrial vertebrates in the Galapagos. PeerJ Preprints 6:e26563v1 - get paper here
  • Cope, E.D. 1878. Synopsis of the cold blooded Vertebrata, procured by Prof. James Orton, during his exploration of Peru in 1876-77. Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 17: 33-49 [1877] - get paper here
  • Cruz-García K, Barreno M, Cuadrado S, Moretta-Urdiales M, Molina-Moreira N, Salas JA, Torres-Domínguez Á, Narváez AE 2023. Amphibians and reptiles of Isla Santay (Durán, Ecuador). Check List 19(3): 347-369 - get paper here
  • Cuadrado, S. S., Loor, Y. A., Zambrano, R. H., & Narváez, A. E. 2023. Species Composition and Ecology of Diurnal Herpetofauna in Agroecosystems of the Ecuadorian Chocó. South American Journal of Herpetology, 29(1), 66-76
  • Daan, S. & Hillenius,D. 1966. Catalogue of the type specimens of amphibians and reptiles in the Zoological Museum, Amsterdam. Beaufortia 13: 117-144
  • Dixon, James R. & Huey, Raymond B. 1970. Systematics of the lizards of the Gekkonid genus Phyllodactylus on mainland South America. Contributions in Science, Los Angeles County Museum (192): 1-78 - get paper here
  • Goldberg, Stephen R. 2007. Notes on reproduction of Peters’ Leaf-toed Gecko, Phyllodactylus reissii (Squamata, Gekkonidae), from Peru. Phyllomedusa 6 (2): 147-150 - get paper here
  • Hallermann, J. 1998. Annotated catalogue of the type specimens of the herpetological collection in the Zoological Museum of the University of Hamburg. Mitt. hamb. zool. Mus. Inst 95: 197-223.
  • Hoogmoed, M.S., 1989. Introduced geckos in Puerto Ayora, Santa Cruz, with remarks on other areas. Noticias de Galapagos 47: 12-16
  • Huey, R. B. 1979. Parapatry and niche complementarity of Peruvian desert geckos (Phyllodactylus): the ambiguous role of competition. Oecologia (Berl.) 38: 249-259 - get paper here
  • Koch, C. 2010. Geheimnisvolles Peru. Reptilia (Münster) 15 (82): 36-45 - get paper here
  • KOCH, CLAUDIA; MORRIS FLECKS, PABLO J. VENEGAS, PATRICK BIALKE, SEBASTIAN VALVERDE, DENNIS RÖDDER 2016. Applying n-dimensional hypervolumes for species delimitation: unexpected molecular, morphological, and ecological diversity in the Leaf-Toed Gecko Phyllodactylus reissii Peters, 1862 (Squamata: Phyllodactylidae) from northern Peru. Zootaxa 4161 (1): 041–080 - get paper here
  • KOCH, CLAUDIA; PABLO J. VENEGAS, ROY SANTA CRUZ, WOLFGANG BÖHME 2018. Annotated checklist and key to the species of amphibians and reptiles inhabiting the northern Peruvian dry forest along the Andean valley of the Marañón River and its tributaries. Zootaxa 4385 (1): 001–101 - get paper here
  • Mashinini, P. L. and Mahlangu, L. M. 2013. An annotated catalogue of the types of gekkonid lizards (Reptilia: Squamata: Gekkonidae) in the Herpetology collection of the Ditsong National Museum of Natural History, South Africa. Annals of the Ditsong National Museum of Natural History 3: 165-181
  • Noble, G. K. 1924. New lizards from northwestern Peru. Occasional Papers of the Boston Society of Natural History 5: 107—113 - get paper here
  • Peters, Wilhem Carl Hartwig 1862. Über einen neuen Phyllodactylus aus Guayaquil. Monatsber. königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin. 1862 (November): 626-627 - get paper here
  • Rösler, H. 2000. Kommentierte Liste der rezent, subrezent und fossil bekannten Geckotaxa (Reptilia: Gekkonomorpha). Gekkota 2: 28-153
  • Schlüter, U. 2006. Bemerkungen zur Schwanzfärbung peruanischer Blattfingergeckos (Phyllodactylus). Elaphe 14 (1): 55-57
  • Schlüter, U. 2007. Pflege und Nachzucht des Peruanischen Blattfingergeckos Phyllodactylus reissi PETERS 1862. Reptilia (Münster) 12 (64): 80-83 - get paper here
  • Swash, A. & Still, R. 2000. Birds, Mammals and Reptiles of the Galapagos Islands. Pica Press, 168 pp.
  • Taylor, Edward H. 1942. Some geckos of the genus Phyllodactylus. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 28 (6): 91-112 - get paper here
  • Torres-Carvajal O, Pazmiño-Otamendi G, Salazar-Valenzuela D. 2019. Reptiles of Ecuador: a resource-rich portal, with a dynamic checklist and photographic guides. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13 (1): [General Section]: 209–229 (e178) - get paper here
  • Torres-Carvajal, O. 2004. Herpetofauna of Isla de La Plata, Ecuador. Herpetological Review 35 (1): 85 - get paper here
  • Torres-Carvajal, Omar; Amaranta Carvajal-Campos, Charles W. Barnes, Gabriela Nicholls, and María J. Pozo-Andrade 2013. A New Andean Species of Leaf-toed Gecko (Phyllodactylidae: Phyllodactylus) from Ecuador. Journal of Herpetology Jun 2013, Vol. 47, No. 2: 384-390. - get paper here
  • Werner, F. 1913. Neue oder seltene Reptilien und Frösche des Naturhistorischen Museums in Hamburg. Reptilien der Ostafrika-Expedition der Hamburger Geographischen Gesellschaft 1911/12. Leiter: Dr. E. Obst. Reptilien und Amphibien von Formosa. [these are 3 separate re Jb. Hamb. wiss. Anst., 30 [1912], 2. Beiheft: 1-39, 40-45, 45-51 - get paper here
  • Werner, FRANZ 1901. Reptilien und Batrachier aus Peru und Bolivien. Abhandl. Ber. Zool. Anthrop. Mus. Dresden, 9 (2): 1-14 [1900] - get paper here
  • Werner,F. 1910. Über neue oder seltene Reptilien des Naturhistorischen Museums in Hamburg. ii. Eidechsen. Jahrb. Hamburg. Wiss. Anst., vol. 27 (1909), suppl. no. 2, 1910, pp. 1-46; reprinted: 1910, Mitteil. Naturhist. Mus. Hamburg, vol. 27: 205-) - get paper here
  • ZUG, G.R. 2013. Reptiles and Amphibians of the Pacific Islands. University of California Press, Berkeley, 306 pp. - get paper here
 
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