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Phymaturus loboi TRONCOSO-PALACIOS, FERRI-YÁÑEZ, LASPIUR & AGUILAR, 2019

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Higher TaxaLiolaemidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Lobo’s Rocky Lizard
S: Matuasto de Lobo 
SynonymPhymaturus loboi TRONCOSO-PALACIOS, FERRI-YÁÑEZ, LASPIUR & AGUILAR 2019
Phymaturus palluma palluma — DONOSO-BARROS 1966: 349 (in part)
Phymaturus flagellifer — PINCHEIRA-DONOSO & NÚÑEZ 2005: 24 (in part)
Phymaturus cf. palluma — LOBO & QUINTEROS 2005: 155 (in part)
Phymaturus cf. palluma — LOBO & ABDALA 2007: 113 (in part)
Phymaturus maulense — TRONCOSO-PALACIOS & LOBO, 2012: 73 (in part)
Phymaturus maulense — ESQUERRÉ et al. 2013: 439
Phymaturus maulense — TRONCOSO-PALACIOS et al., 2013: 561 (in part)
Phymaturus cf. palluma— LOBO & ETHERIDGE 2013: 100.
Phymaturus maulense — GARIN et al. 2013: 67
Phymaturus sp. 2 — MORANDO et al. 2013: 701
Phymaturus sp. 6 — MORANDO et al. 2013: 701
Phymaturus maulense — LOBO et al. 2016: 649
Phymaturus sp. 6 — LOBO et al. 2016: 653 
DistributionChile (Maule Region)

Type locality: National Route CH115, 9 km NW of Maule Lagoon (35 ̊57' S, 70 ̊34' W), 1900 m asl, Maule Region, Chile  
Reproductionviviparous (not imputed, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype. SSUC Re 691. Adult male. Collected by J. Troncoso-Palacios, A. Laspiur and R. Gómez. January 25, 2013 (Fig. 5a,b).
Paratypes. SSUC Re 692, male and 693, 694 females (Fig. 5). Same data as the holotype. SSUC Re 410–11 (male and juvenile male). Collected road to Maule Lagoon, Maule Region, Chile, by F. Ferri-Yáñez. November 11, 2011 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Phymaturus loboi belongs to the palluma group (Etheridge 1995) because it has short, non- imbricate superciliary scales; fragmented subocular scale; and strongly spiny tail scales. Within the palluma group, P. loboi belongs to the P. vociferator clade (Figs. 1 and 2) and differs from the species within this clade in the following characteristics.
Phymaturus loboi differs from P. dorsimaculatus, in having higher number of dorsal scales (161.0±7.5 vs. 135.0±4.0, Tables 4 and 6), and a higher number of scales around the interparietal (9.1±1.2 vs. 6.2±2.0, Tables 4 and 6). Moreover, the males of P. loboi have green spotted shoulders and the area behind the shoulders, with an inconspicuous scapular spot (Fig 5), whereas the males of P. dorsimaculatus have black color on the shoulder and in the area behind the shoulder with a bold scapular spot.
Differs from P. vociferator, in having higher number of scales around the interparietal scale (9.1±1.2 vs 7.2±1.2, Tables 4 and 6). Males of P. loboi have a green spotted shoulder with an inconspicuous scapular spot (Fig. 5) whereas the males of P. vociferator have black color on the shoulders and in the area behind the shoulders, and a marked scapular spot. Additionally, P. loboi does not vocalize.
Differs from P. maulense, in having higher number of ventral scales (184.0±7.6 vs 169.8.0±7.7, Tables 4 and 6). Males of P. loboi have an inconspicuous scapular spot and females have no precloacal pores, whereas the males of P. maulense have a marked scapular spot and all females have precloacal pores.
Differs from Phymaturus damasense, in having higher number of ventral scales (184.0±7.6 vs 166.8±6.5, Tables 4 and 6) and fewer subocular scales (2.0±0.9 vs 3.6±0.5, Tables 4 and 6). Additionally, females of P. loboi never have precloacal pores, while 40% of the females of P. damasense have it. 
Comment 
EtymologyThe species is named after our colleague, the herpetologist Fernando Lobo, a prominent specialist in the Phymaturus genus, who has participated in the description of 16 species in this genus. 
References
  • Donoso-Barros, R. 1966. Reptiles de Chile. Santiago: Univ. Chile, 458 + cxlvi pp.
  • ESQUERRÉ, DAMIEN; HERMAN NÚÑEZ & JOSÉ ALEJANDRO SCOLARO 2013. Liolaemus carlosgarini and Liolaemus riodamas (Squamata: Liolaemidae), two new species of lizards lacking precloacal pores, from Andean areas of central Chile. Zootaxa 3619 (4): 428–452 - get paper here
  • Garin Aguilar, Carlos Felipe; Troncoso Palacios, Jaime; Ferri Y., Francisco; Lobos V., Gabriel 2013. Liolaemus flavipiceus Cei & Videla 2003: primer registro en Chile y nuevos antecedentes para el taxón (Reptilia, Sauria, Liolaemidae). Cuadernos de Herpetología 27 (1): 65-69 - get paper here
  • Lobo, F. & Abdala, C. 2007. Descripción de una nueva especie de Phymaturus del grupo de P. palluma de la provincia de Mendoza, Argentina. Cuadernos de herpetología 21 (2): 103-113 - get paper here
  • Lobo, F. and S. Quinteros 2005. A MORPHOLOGY-BASED PHYLOGENY OF PHYMATURUS (IGUANIA: LIOLAEMIDAE) WITH THE DESCRIPTION OF FOUR NEW SPECIES FROM ARGENTINA. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (São Paulo) 45(13):143-177 - get paper here
  • Lobo, F., Barrasso, D. A., Hibbard, T. and Basso, N. G. 2015. On the evolution and diversification of an Andean clade of reptiles: combining morphology and DNA sequences of the palluma group (Liolaemidae: Phymaturus). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 176:648–673, doi: 10.1111/zoj.12335 [2016]
  • Lobo, Fernando and Richard Etheridge 2013. The Type Locality of Phymaturus palluma (Molina, 1782) (Reptilia: Iguania: Liolaemidae) and the Status of Phymaturus adrianae Pereyra, 1992 and Other Unnamed Populations. South American J. Herp. 8 (2): 89-101. - get paper here
  • Mella-Ávila, Jorge E. 2020. Aportes a la historia natural de los reptiles de la Laguna del Maule: otra utilidad de los rescates de fauna. Boletín Chileno de Herpetología 7: 27-33 - get paper here
  • Mella-Ávila, Jorge E. & Jorge Mella-Romero. 2020. Riqueza y abundancia de reptiles en un gradiente altitudinal en la Cordillera de Los Andes (36° S) de Chile y Argentina. Boletín Chileno de Herpetología 7: 34-41 - get paper here
  • Morando, Mariana; Luciano J. Avila, Cristian H.F. Perez, Monty A. Hawkins, Jack W. Sites 2013. A molecular phylogeny of the lizard genus Phymaturus (Squamata, Liolaemini): Implications for species diversity and historical biogeography of southern South America. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 66 (3): 694-714 - get paper here
  • PINCHEIRA-DONOSO, Daniel & HERMAN NÚÑEZ 2005. The Chilean species of the genus Liolaemus Wiegmann, 1834 (Iguania, Tropiduridae, Liolaeminae). Taxonomy, systematics and evolution [in Spanish] Mus Nac Hist Nat Chile Publ Ocas 59: 1-486 - get paper here
  • Reyes-Arellano, Diego 2019. Phymaturus loboi Troncoso-Palacios, Ferri-Yáñez, Laspiur y Aguilar 2019 Boletín Chileno de Herpetología. 6: 79 - get paper here
  • Troncoso-Palacios, J. & Lobo, F. 2012. A new species of Phymaturus (Iguania: Liolaemidae) of the palluma group from Central Chile. Cuadernos de Herpetología 26 (2): 69-78 - get paper here
  • TRONCOSO-PALACIOS, JAIME; FERNANDO LOBO, RICHARD ETHERIDGE, JUAN CARLOS ACOSTA, ALEJANDRO LASPIUR 2013. The rediscovery of Oplurus bibronii Guichenot, 1848 a valid species of the liolaemid genus Phymaturus (Iguania: Liolaemidae). Zootaxa 3652 (5): 547–561 - get paper here
  • TRONCOSO-PALACIOS, JAIME; FRANCISCO FERRI-YÁÑEZ, ALEJANDRO LASPIUR, CÉSAR AGUILAR 2018. An updated phylogeny and morphological study of the Phymaturus vociferator clade (Iguania: Liolaemidae). Zootaxa 4441 (3): 447-466 - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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