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Phymaturus dorsimaculatus LOBO & QUINTEROS, 2005

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Higher TaxaLiolaemidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymPhymaturus dorsimaculatus LOBO & QUINTEROS 2005
Phymaturus dorsimaculatus — TULLI et al. 2009
Phymaturus dorsimaculatus — LOBO et al. 2010
Phymaturus dorsimaculatus — AVILA et al. 2013
Phymaturus dorsimaculatus — VALDECANTOS & LOBO 2015 
DistributionArgentina (Neuquén), 2050 m elevation

Type locality: Copahue, Dpto. Ñorquin. 37°49’S; 71°06’W. Neuquén, Argentina.  
Reproductionovovivparous 
TypesHolotype: MCN-UNSa 1573. Abdala, C.; Avila, L.; F. Lobo, & M. Morando, collectors. 13 January 1999 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (dorsimaculatus): Phymaturus dorsimaculatus belongs to the palluma group (sensu Etheridge, 1995) because it has squareshaped non-imbricate superciliaries, rugose dorsal scales of the tail, usually a fragmented subocular, and the subocular-supralabials separation is two or more scale rows. It is distinguishable from all other species in the group by its unusual dorsal pattern. Dorsal pattern from occiput to the posterior region of trunk with black transverse bands interrupted medially (Figure 1A). Phymaturus verdugo is a larger species (106-120 mm both sexes; Cei & Videla, 2003) than dorsimaculatus (76.1-92.6), has a different dorsal pattern, and a patternless tail (ringed in dorsimaculatus). This new species has a different karyotype number (2n = 36) versus 2n = 26 of P. verdugo (Morando et al., 2001; Cei & Videla, 2003). Adults of cf. palluma (PA) lack melanism on head and neck and all other members of the palluma group have patternless tails. Phymaturus dorsimaculatus never have a divided rostral scale as does many punae, antofagastensis, cf. antofagastensis SC (Sierra de Calalaste and Cuesta de Randolfo), and punae LR (La Rioja). Most specimens from northern Argentina of the palluma group exhibit a homogeneous and dense “spray” pattern on their dorsum (Figure 12C) and lack black reticulation or spots.
 
CommentSynonymy: Depending on author, Phymaturus dorsimaculatus is considered as a synonym of Phymaturus vociferator (Pincheira-Donoso et al. 2008) or as valid species. Troncoso-Palacios & Lobo (2012) argue that P. dorsimaculatus is a valid species, given that the second chinshields are separated, a characteristic that together with the vocalization (according to Pincheira-Donoso, 2004) and the scapular black bars fused in the male, allow to differentiate it from P. vociferator.

Group: palluma group (fide LOBO et al. 2010).

Diet: herbivorous. 
EtymologyThe epithet refers to the conspicuous pattern of black spots over the neck, shoulders, and dorsum of the trunk of this new species. It is a compound name (originated from two latin words dorsum that means back and macula that means spot, mark). 
References
  • Abdala, Cristian Simón; Quinteros, Andres Sebastian 2014. Los últimos 30 años de estudios de la familia de lagartijas más diversa de Argentina. Actualización taxonómica y sistemática de Liolaemidae. Cuad. herpetol. 28 (2): 55-82 - get paper here
  • AVILA, LUCIANO JAVIER; LORENA ELIZABETH MARTINEZ & MARIANA MORANDO 2013. Checklist of lizards and amphisbaenians of Argentina: an update. Zootaxa 3616 (3): 201–238 - get paper here
  • Lobo, F. and S. Quinteros 2005. A MORPHOLOGY-BASED PHYLOGENY OF PHYMATURUS (IGUANIA: LIOLAEMIDAE) WITH THE DESCRIPTION OF FOUR NEW SPECIES FROM ARGENTINA. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (São Paulo) 45(13):143-177 - get paper here
  • Lobo, F.; Espinoza, R.E. and S. Quinteros 2010. A critical review and systematic discussion of recent classification proposals for liolaemid lizards. Zootaxa 2549: 1–30 - get paper here
  • Lobo, Fernando; Cristian Abdala and Soledad Valdecantos 2010. Taxonomic Studies of the Genus Phymaturus (Iguania: Liolaemidae): Description of Four New Species. South American J. Herp. 5 (2):102-126 - get paper here
  • Lobo, Fernando; Santiago Javier Nenda 2015. Discovery of two new species of Phymaturus (Iguania: Liolaemidae) from Patagonia, Argentina, and occurrence of melanism in the patagonicus group. Cuad. herpetol. 29 (1): 5-25
  • Tulli, M.J.; F.B. Cruz, A. Herrel, B. Vanhooydonck, V. Abdala 2009. The interplay between claw morphology and microhabitat use in neotropical iguanian lizards. Zoology 112 (5): 379-392 - get paper here
  • Valdecantos, Soledad and Fernando Lobo 2015. First Report of Hemiclitores in Females of South American Liolaemid Lizards. Journal of Herpetology Jun 2015, Vol. 49, No. 2: 291-294. - get paper here
 
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