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Podarcis liolepis (BOULENGER, 1905)

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Higher TaxaLacertidae, Lacertinae, Sauria, Lacertoidea, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Catalonian Wall Lizard, Columbretes Wall Lizard
G: Columbretes Mauereidechse
D: Columbretes Muurhagedis 
SynonymLacerta muralis var. liolepis BOULENGER 1905
Podarcis hispanica atrata (BOSCÁ, 1916)
Podarcis muralis var. liolepis — BOULENGER 1920: 256
Lacerta atrata columbretensis EISENTRAUT 1930
Lacerta atrata mancolibrensis EISENTRAUT 1930
Lacerta bocagei liolepis — MERTENS & MÜLLER 1940
Lacerta bocagei columbretensis — EISENTRAUT 1949: 57
Lacerta bocagei atrata — EISENTRAUT 1949: 130
Lacerta bocagei liolepis — EISENTRAUT 1949: 57
Podarcis hispanica atrata — SALVADOR 1986: 77
Podarcis hispanica atrata — BAUER & GÜNTHER 1995
Podarcis hispanica atrata — PÉREZ-MELLADO in SALVADOR 1998
Podarcis atrata — CASTILLA et al. 1998
Podarcis atrata — OLIVERIO et al. 2000
Podarcis atrata — ARNOLD et al. 2007
Podarcis atratus — SINDACO & JEREMČENKO 2008
Podarcis liolepis — RENOULT et al. 2010
Podarcis liolepis — SPEYBROECK et al. 2020 
DistributionSE Spain (Columbretes Island, off Castellón), Andorra, France

Type locality: Valencia

atrata: Type locality: Les Ferreres/Columbreten (Spain)

mancolibrensis: Type locality: Mancolibre/Columbreten

columbretensis: Type locality: Columbrete Grande  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: BMNH 1946.9.1.33-35 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: a member of the Podarcis hispanicus complex characterized by the combination of the following characters: masseteric shield and dark vertebral stripe frequently present but most often discontinuous, dark vertebral stripe never splits near its anterior part, generally lack of yellow coloration on the belly and under tail, pale dorsolateral stripes wider than the dark supradorsolateral stripes except in uniformly coloured individuals. Dorsum generally brown or greyish but often green in some populations from the southernmost parts of the range. Belly and undertail white, salmon-pink or brick red, never yellowish (but females can have yellow under the throat). When present, combination of a dark vertebral stripe and a distinct masseteric shield on one or two sides excludes all other taxa in this complex except P. carbonelli berlengensis and some TYP1 specimens (in which the dark vertebral stripe would be limited to the anterior part of the back). In addition, TYP1 (both 1A and 1B lineages, see Pinho et al. 2006) differs from P. liolepis by contrastingly white or pale dorsolateral stripes (usually less contrasting in P. liolepis, rarely white, sometimes absent) which are regularly and strongly dashed in males and some females (less regularly fragmented in P. liolepis) or continuous in the other females, and narrower than the black supradorsolateral stripes in both sexes (as wide as or wider than the black supradorsolaterals in P. liolepis). Those P. liolepis specimens that lack a dark vertebral stripe need to be separated from the other taxa by additional characters. TYP2 (which never shows a dark vertebral stripe) also differs from liolepis by the presence of a yellowish coloration on the rear belly and under tail and by wider dark supradorsolateral stripes (which are usually made of scattered marbling in males, more continuous in females) and the typically green or greenish coloration of the dorsum of males in spring. Specimens of P. hispanicus sensu stricto lacking a split dark vertebral stripe can be distinguished from small, flattened P. liolepis lacking temporal shields by the yellowish coloration on the undertail present in most P. hispanicus sensu stricto, by their different head shape with more flattened head and more pointed snout and their paler iris. Iberian populations of P. vaucheri (which rarely shows a dark vertebral stripe) often have a yellow or yellowish belly and dark supradorsolateral stripes that are usually either absent or wider than the pale dorsolateral stripes. P. bocagei has a blunt, rounder snout and a green dorsum contrasting with brown flanks (males in spring). P. carbonelli has a deeper head and more pointed snout and green flanks (often contrasting with brown dorsum) in males in spring. These last two taxa also lack a dark vertebral stripe in most specimens. (Renoult et al. 2010) 
CommentType not in BMNH fide P. Campbell, pers. comm., 9 July 2014.

Synonymy: Mayer listed atrata under liolepis. Castilla et al. (1998) elevated this form to full species status but few authors seem to have accepted this decision.

Distribution: see map in Caeiro-Dias et al. 2018. Börner (2019) discusses possibly introduced populations in Germany. 
References
  • Arnold, E.N.; Arribas, O. & Carranza, S. 2007. Systematics of the Palaearctic and Oriental lizard tribe Lacertini (Squamata: Lacertidae: Lacertinae), with descriptions of eight new genera. Zootaxa 1430: 1-86 - get paper here
  • Bauer, Aaron M.;Günther, Rainer 1995. An annotated type catalogue of the lacertids (Reptilia: Lacertidae) in the Zoological Museum, Berlin. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 71 (1): 37-62 - get paper here
  • Berroneau, M. et al. 2010. Guide des Amphibiens et Reptiles d’Aquitaine. Association Cistude Nature, 180 pp.
  • Börner, Achim-Rüdiger 2019. Herbstbesuch bei den Lacerten auf Burg Hardenberg bei Göttingen. Saurologica (6): 68 pp., 65 figs [published Köln 12. XII. 2019] - get paper here
  • Boscá, E. 1916. Dos observaciones a propósito de la Lacerta muralis en España. Bol. R. Soc. Española Hist. Nat. 16: 327-330. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G. A. 1905. A contribution to the knowledge of the varieties of the Wall-Lizard (Lacerta muralis) in western Europe and North Africa. Transact. zool. Soc. London, 17: 351-420 - get paper here
  • Boulenger,G.A. 1920. Monograph of the Lacertidae, vol. 1. British Museum (London) - get paper here
  • Caeiro-Dias, Guilherme, Carla Luís, Catarina Pinho, Pierre-André Crochet, Neftalí Sillero and Antigoni Kaliontzopoulou 2018. Lack of congruence of genetic and niche divergence in Podarcis hispanicus complex. J Zool Syst - get paper here
  • Carneiro, D., E. García-Muñoz, A. Kaliontzopoulou, G. A. Llorente & M. A. Carretero 2015. Comparing ecophysiological traits in two Podarcis wall lizards with overlapping ranges. Salamandra 51 (4): 335-344 - get paper here
  • Castilla, Aurora M.;Fernandez-Pedrosa, Victoria; Harris, D. James; Gonzalez, Ana;Latorre, Amparo; Moya, Andrés 1998. Mitochondrial DNA divergence suggests that Podarcis hispanica atrata (Squamata: Lacertidae) from the Columbretes Islands merits specific dictinction. Copeia 1998 (4): 1037-1040 - get paper here
  • Dieckmann, Martin 2018. Das südliche Frankreich und seine Herpetofauna. Terraria-Elaphe 2018 (2): 14-28 - get paper here
  • Eisentraut, M. 1949. Die Eidechsen der Spanischen Mittelmeerinseln und ihre Rassenaufspaltung im Lichte der Evolution. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 26: 5-225 - get paper here
  • Kaliontzopoulou, A., Carretero, M.A. & Llorente, G., 2012. Morphology of Podarcis wall lizards from the Iberian Peninsula and North Africa: patterns of variation in a putative cryptic species complex. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 164: 173-193 - get paper here
  • Kaliontzopoulou, A., Pinho, C., Harris, D.J. & Carretero, M.A., 2011. When cryptic diversity blurs the picture: a cautionary tail from Iberian and North African Podarcis wall lizards. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 103: 779-800 - get paper here
  • Kwet, A. 2010. Reptilien und Amphibien Europas. Kosmos-Verlag, Stuttgart, 252 pp.
  • Kwet, Axel & Benny Trapp 2014. Liste der Reptilien Europas. Draco 15 (60): 72-79 - get paper here
  • Kwet, Axel & Benny Trapp 2014. Reptilien der griechischen Ägäisinseln. Draco 15 (60): 58-65 - get paper here
  • Mertens, R., and L. Müller. 1940. Liste der Amphibien und Reptilien Europas. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft. Frankfurt am Main. 451: 1-62 - get paper here
  • OEFINGER, B. & P. OEFINGER 2018. Zur Verbreitung von Podarcis liolepis (BOULENGER, 1905) im Südosten Spaniens. Die Eidechse 29 (1): 1-8 - get paper here
  • Oliverio, M.; Bologna, M.A. & Mariottini, P. 2000. Molecular biogeography of the Mediterranean lizards Podarcis Wagler, 1830 and Teira Gray, 1838 (Reptilia, Lacertidae). Journal of Biogeography 27: 1403–1420. - get paper here
  • Pérez-Mellado, V., Galindo, M.P. 1986. Sistemática de Podarcis (Sauria, Lacertidae) Ibéricas y Norteafricanas mediante Técnicas Multidimensionales. Salamanca, Sér. Manual. Univ. Salamanca.
  • Pottier G., Paumier J.-M., Tessier M., Barascud Y., Talhoët S., Liozon R., D’Andurain P., Vacher J.-P., Barthe L., Heaulmé V., Esslinger M., Arthur C.-P., Calvet A., Maurel C. & Redon H. 2008. Atlas de répartition des reptiles et amphibiens de Midi-Pyrénées. Les atlas naturalistes de Midi-Pyrénées. Nature Midi-Pyrénées, Toulouse, 126 pp.
  • RENOULT, JULIEN P.; PHILIPPE GENIEZ, PAUL BACQUET, CLAUDE P. GUILLAUME, & PIERREANDRE CROCHET 2010. Systematics of the Podarcis hispanicus-complex (Sauria, Lacertidae) II: the valid name of the north-eastern Spanish form. Zootaxa 2500: 58–68 - get paper here
  • Salvador, A. 1986. Podarcis hispanica - Iberische Mauereidechse. In: Böhme,W. (ed.), Handbuch der Reptilien und Amphibien Europas, Band 2/II., Echsen III (Podarcis). Aula-Verlag Wiesbaden, pp. 71-82
  • Schlüter, U. 2011. Die Lacertiden Andorras. Die Eidechse 22 (3): 83-92 - get paper here
  • Schulte, Ulrich; Gassert, Franz; Geniez, Philippe; Veith, Michael; Hochkirch, Axel 2012. Origin and genetic diversity of an introduced wall lizard population and its cryptic congener. Amphibia-Reptilia 33 (1): 129-140 - get paper here
  • Sindaco, R. & Jeremcenko, V.K. 2008. The reptiles of the Western Palearctic. Edizioni Belvedere, Latina (Italy), 579 pp. - get paper here
  • Speybroeck, Jeroen; Wouter Beukema, Christophe Dufresnes, Uwe Fritz, Daniel Jablonski, Petros Lymberakis, Iñigo Martínez-Solano, Edoardo Razzetti, Melita Vamberger, Miguel Vences, Judit Vörös0, Pierre-André Crochet 2020. Species list of the European herpetofauna – 2020 update by the Taxonomic Committee of the Societas Europaea Herpetologica.. Amphibia-Reptilia 41: 139-189 - get paper here
  • Swallow, John G. And Aurora M. Castilla 1996. Home range area of the lizard Podarcis hispanica atrata. The Herpetological Journal 6 (3): 100-102
 
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