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Pristurus carteri (GRAY, 1863)

IUCN Red List - Pristurus carteri - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaSphaerodactylidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
SubspeciesPristurus carteri tuberculatus PARKER 1931
Pristurus carteri carteri (GRAY 1863) 
Common NamesE: Carter's Rock Gecko 
SynonymSpatalura carteri GRAY 1863: 236
Spatalura carteri GRAY 1864: 249
Pristurus carteri — BOULENGER 1885: 55
Pristurus carteri — KLUGE 1993
Pristurus carteri — RÖSLER 2000: 106

Pristurus carteri tuberculatus PARKER 1931
Pristurus carteri tuberculatus — LOVERIDGE 1947: 73
Pristurus carteri tuberculatus — WERMUTH 1965: 149
Pristurus carteri tuberculatus — DE LISLE et al. 2013

Pristurus carteri carteri (GRAY 1863)
Pristurus carteri carteri — PARKER 1931: 515
Pristurus carteri carteri — LOVERIDGE 1947: 73
Pristurus carteri carteri — WERMUTH 1965: 149
Pristurus carteri carteri — DE LISLE et al. 2013 
DistributionSaudi Arabia (Masirah), Oman, Yemen, United Arab Emirates (UAE)

tuberculatus: coastal areas of Dhufar; Type locality: Ain al Rizat, Milwah Alaud (220 feet elevation), Sahalnaut (350 feet elevation).

Type locality: Massera (= Masirah Island), east cost of Arabia.  
Reproductionoviparous; this species exhibits temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD, Straková et al. 2024) 
TypesTypes: BMNH 1862.6.6.1-2 (and possibly additional specimens).
Syntypes: BMNH 1946.8.25.15-16 [tuberculatus] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: The largest member of the Pristurus carteri group (up to 60 mm from snout to vent in many populations but sometimes up to 78 mm); snout elongated, rounded or bluntly pointed; mental not markedly shorter than rostral and lips not turned downwards anteriorly; axillary mite pockets may be large to absent; enlarged tubercles on flanks are sometimes quite well developed; 10-12 lamellae under first hind toe, 18-22 beneath fourth. Tailless than 90% of snout-vent distance, often considerably, its upper crest at least partly heterogeneous and sometimes strongly so, the tip often rounded; autotomy and regeneration almost always taking place only at the base. Usually no large dark spots on sides of throat, which may be generally dark; dark collar absent or at most very weakly indicated; six, sometimes seven dark areas on the back from neck to vent, which may be divided, one at level of forelegs and three or four between the fore and hind limbs. Supraoccipital area of skull approaching the vertical [ARNOLD 1986].


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CommentSubspecies: Pristurus carteri collaris has been elevated to species status.

Type species: Spatalura carteri GRAY 1863 is the type species of the genus Spatalura GRAY 1863. Spatalura was synonymised with Pristurus by BOULENGER (1885).

Distribution: See map in Burriel-Carranza et al. 2019 for map in UAE. 
Etymologynamed after Henry J. Carter F. R. S, surgeon on the ship "Palinurus" which surveyed the southern Arabian coast in 1844-46 (ANDERSON 1896), and who collected the types. 
References
  • Arnold E N 1980. The scientific results of the Oman flora and fauna survey 1977 (Dhofar). The reptiles and amphibians of Dhofar, southern Arabia. JOURNAL OF OMAN STUDIES SPECIAL REPORT (No. 2): 273-332 - get paper here
  • Arnold E N 1986. New species of semaphore gecko (Pristurus: Gekkonidae) from Arabia and Socotra. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 8: 352-377
  • Arnold, E.N. 2009. Relationships, evolution and biogeography of Semaphore geckos, Pristurus (Squamata, Sphaerodactylidae) based on morphology. Zootaxa 2060: 1-21 - get paper here
  • Barts, M. & Hulbert, F. 2004. Die Geckos der Welt. Draco 5 (18): 4-17 - get paper here
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. Geckonidae, Eublepharidae, Uroplatidae, Pygopodidae, Agamidae. London: 450 pp. - get paper here
  • Burriel-Carranza B, Pedro Tarroso, Johannes Els, Andrew Gardner, Pritpal Soorae, Ahmed Ali Mohammed, Sai Ravi Krishna Tubati, Mohamed Mustafa Eltayeb, Junid Nazeer Shah, Héctor Tejero-Cicuéndez, Marc Simó-Riudalbas, Juan Manuel Pleguezuelos, Daniel F 2019. An integrative assessment of the diversity, phylogeny, distribution, and conservation of the terrestrial reptiles (Sauropsida, Squamata) of the United Arab Emirates. PLoS ONE 14(5): e0216273 - get paper here
  • Carranza S, Xipell M, Tarroso P, Gardner A, Arnold EN, Robinson MD, et al. 2018. Diversity, distribution and conservation of the terrestrial reptiles of Oman (Sauropsida, Squamata). PLoS One 13 (2): e0190389 - get paper here
  • Carranza, Salvador; Johannes Els; Bernat Burriel-Carranza 2021. A field guide to the reptiles of Oman. Madrid : Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 223 pp. [review in HR 53 (3): 531] - get paper here
  • Carter,H. 1864. Description of the new lizard (Spatalura carteri GRAY), from life. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) 14: 392-393 - get paper here
  • Gardner, A.S. 2013. The amphibians and reptiles of Oman and the UAE. Edition Chimaira, 480 pp.
  • Gardner, Andrew S. 2009. Two new gecko species records for the United Arab Emirates: Pristurus carteri (Gray, 1863) and Hemidactylus persicus Anderson, 1872. Tribulus: Journal of the Emirates Natural History Group 18: 18-23 - get paper here
  • Gebhart, J. 2013. Oman, quer durch`s Weihrauchland - ein Reisetagebuch. L@CERTIDAE (Eidechsen Online) 2013 [8]: 142-159 - get paper here
  • Gray, J. E. 1863. Description of a new lizard obtained by Mr. Henry Carter on the south-east coast of Arabia. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1863: 236—237 - get paper here
  • Henkel, F.-W. 2003. Herpetological expedition through Oman. Reptilia (GB) (27): 50-55 - get paper here
  • Kowalski, T. 2004. Erfahrungen bei der Haltung und Vermehrung von Pristurus carteri (GRAY 1863). Sauria, Berlin 26 (2): 31-36 - get paper here
  • Kowalski, T. 2010. Beobachtungen zum Droh- und Imponierverhalten bei Pristurus carteri (GRAY, 1863). Sauria 32 (1): 31-34 - get paper here
  • Leptien, R. 1999. Der etwas andere Taggecko, Pristurus carteri (Gray, 1863). Sauria 21 (4): 3-6 - get paper here
  • Leptien, Rolf 2016. Pristurus carteri – ein spannender Taggecko aus dem Oman. Terraria-Elaphe 2016 (4): 77-79 - get paper here
  • Parker,H.W. 1931. Some reptiles and amphibians from S.E. Arabia. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (10) 8: 514-522 - get paper here
  • Peters, K. 2004. Ergänzende Bemerkungen zur Terrarienhaltung von Pristurus carteri (GRAY 1863). Sauria, Berlin 26 (1): 11-13 - get paper here
  • Rösler, H. 2000. Kommentierte Liste der rezent, subrezent und fossil bekannten Geckotaxa (Reptilia: Gekkonomorpha). Gekkota 2: 28-153
  • Rösler, H. 2018. Haftbar -- Die einzigartige Welt der Geckos. Begleitheft zur Ausstellung im Naturkundemuseum Erfurt Mai-Aug 2018, 96 pp.
  • Rösler, H.; Köhler, J. & Böhme, W. 2008. A new species of the diurnal gekkonid genus Pristurus Rüppell, 1835 from the Red Sea island Hanish al-Kabir, Yemen. Amphibia-Reptilia 29: 217-227 - get paper here
  • Rösler, Herbert 2016. Spermaspeicherung - Besonderheiten bei der Fortpflanzung von Pristurus carteri. Terraria-Elaphe 2016 (4): 80-81 - get paper here
  • Sindaco, R. & Jeremcenko, V.K. 2008. The reptiles of the Western Palearctic. Edizioni Belvedere, Latina (Italy), 579 pp. - get paper here
  • Straková, B., Kubička, L., Červenka, J., & Kratochvíl, L. 2024. Pivotal temperature is not for everyone: Evidence for temperature-dependent sex determination in three gecko species. Journal of Experimental zoology. Part A, Ecological and Integrative Physiology - get paper here
  • van der Kooij, Jeroen 2001. The herpetofauna of the Sultanate of Oman: Part 2: the geckoes. Podarcis 1 (4): 105-123 - get paper here
 
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