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Pristurus flavipunctatus RÜPPELL, 1835

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Higher TaxaSphaerodactylidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Rüppell’s Semaphore Gecko, Middle Eastern Rock Gecko 
SynonymPristurus flavipunctatus RÜPPELL 1835
Gymnodactylus flavipunctatus — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1836: 417
Pristurus flavipunctatus — BOULENGER 1885: 52
Pristurus percristatus BOULENGER 1896 (fide LOVERIDGE 1947)
Pristurus percristatus — SCORTECCI 1929: 312
Pristurus percristatus — PARKER 1932: 347
Pristurus flavipunctatus — PARKER 1932: 347
Pristurus percristatus pseudoflavipunctatus SCORTECCI 1933 (fide LOV. 1947)
Pristurus flavipunctatus — LOVERIDGE 1947: 77
Pristurus flavipunctatus flavipunctatus — HAAS 1951
Pristurus gasperetti ARNOLD 1986 (fide SCHÄTTI & GASPERETTI 1994)
Pristurus gasperetti — KLUGE 1993
Pristurus flavipunctatus — KLUGE 1993
Pristurus flavipunctatus — RÖSLER 2000: 106
Pristurus gasperetti — RÖSLER 2000: 106
Pristurus flavipunctatus — LARGEN & SPAWLS 2010: 331
Pristurus flavipunctatus — RÖSLER 2018: 5 
DistributionE Ethiopia, Saudi Arabia (incl. Farasan Islands), Egypt, Djibouti, Somalia
Sudan (Jumhūriyyat), Republic of South Sudan (RSS) (Neberet Valley),
Eritrea (Ghinda and Emberemi),
Jordan (Sandstone Hills)

Type locality: Massaua, Abessinien.

gasperetti (invalid): was described from W Saudi-Arabia (Wadi Kharrar near Makkah); Type locality: Wadi Kharrar, near Makkah, Saudi Arabia, 21° 17'30"N 40° 06'30"E, 460 m elevation.  
Reproductionoviparous; soem species of Pristurus were shown to have sperm storage (Rösler & Kaiser 2018) 
TypesLectotype: SMF 8245 (formerly 4052a), paralectotypes: BMNH 1946.8.20.31-42; paratype: MSNM
Holotype: BMNH 1986.206, male; Paratypes: BMNH [gasperetti]
Lectotype: MSNM (Milano) [pseudoflavipunctatus]
Synypes: MSNTO R2512, UMMZ [percristatus] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (genus): dorsal process of premaxilla relatively long, nasal bones short, extent of prefrontal bone in anterior wall of orbit reduced medially*; supratemporal process of parietal bone often expanded and fully attached to exoccipital*, squamosal often short and curved*; palatine contacting vomer narrowly*, superficial posterior margin of dentary bone not obviously tridentate, the lower spur extending far backwards*. Twenty-five or fewer presacral vertebrae; toes with primitive number of phalanges (manus – 2.3.4.5.3; pes – 2.3.4.5.4); post-cloacal bones absent. Meatal closure muscle absent; anterior nuchal muscle originating mainly on second vertebra*; pectoralis muscles on each side crossing midline*, toes without complex internal musculature. Pupil approximately round with posteroventral quadrant of border less convex, or pupil vertically elliptical with un-notched borders; dorsal scaling consisting of small granules, nearly always without larger tubercles on body; preanal and femoral pores absent, cloacal tubercles and postcloacal sacs absent; toes simple without expanded adhesive pads beneath; tail strongly compressed laterally in males*, not or less so in females; in one species (P. celerrimus) an area of dark rugose scales in preanal region of males; flanks often with longitudinal series of short dark or reddish streaks separated by pale spots*. Largely diurnal and usually heliothermic; tail often raised and moved during intraspecific signalling*; voice little used [*Asterisks indicate features that are apparently largely or wholly confined to Pristurus among the Sphaerodactylidae. Gekkonidae and Phyllodactylidae; from ARNOLD 2009].


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CommentType species: Pristurus flavipunctatus RÜPPELL 1835 is the type species of the genus Pristurus RÜPPELL 1835.

Key to species: Loveridge 1947: 72.

Subspecies: Pristurus gasperetti gallagheri ARNOLD 1986 has been elevated to full species.

Habitat: Pristurus has ground, tree, and rock dwellers. Body size evolution in relation to habitat and island forms in Pristurus was studied by Tejero-Cicuéndez et al. 2021. 
EtymologyNamed after the yellow spots characteristic for this species from Latin “flavus” = yellow.
P. gasperetti was named after John Gasperetti (1920-2001), engineer and surveyor of various companies and governments in the Middle East and Field Associate of the Department of Herpetology of the California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. 
References
  • Anderson, John 1901. A list of the reptiles and batrachians obtained by Mr. A. Blayney Percival in southern Arabia. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1901 (2): 137-152 - get paper here
  • Arnold E N 1986. New species of semaphore gecko (Pristurus: Gekkonidae) from Arabia and Socotra. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 8: 352-377
  • Arnold, E.N. 2009. Relationships, evolution and biogeography of Semaphore geckos, Pristurus (Squamata, Sphaerodactylidae) based on morphology. Zootaxa 2060: 1-21 - get paper here
  • Baha el Din, S. 2006. A guide to the reptiles and amphibians of Egypt. The American University in Cairo Press, Cairo. xvi + 359 pp.
  • Boulenger, G. A. 1896. A list of the reptiles and batrachians collected by Dr. Ragazzi in Shoa and Eritrea. Annali Mus. civ. Stor. nat. Genova, Giacomo Doria, (2) 16: 545-554 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. Geckonidae, Eublepharidae, Uroplatidae, Pygopodidae, Agamidae. London: 450 pp. - get paper here
  • CUNNINGHAM, P. 2009. A contribution to the reptiles of the Farasan Islands, Saudi Arabia. African Herp News (50): 21-24 - get paper here
  • Duméril, A.M. C. and G. Bibron. 1836. Erpetologie Générale ou Histoire Naturelle Complete des Reptiles. Vol. 3. Libr. Encyclopédique Roret, Paris, 528 pp. - get paper here
  • Duméril, A.M.C., and G. Bibron. 1835. Erpétologie Générale ou Histoire Naturelle Complète des Reptiles, Vol. 2. Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret, Paris, iv + 680 p. - get paper here
  • Gemel, R.; G. Gassner & S. Schweiger 2019. Katalog der Typen der Herpetologischen Sammlung des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien – 2018. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B 121: 33–248
  • Haas, Georg 1951. On the present state of our knowledge of the herpetofauna of Palestine. Bulletin of the Research Council of Israel 1: 67-95
  • Ineich, I. 1999. Reptiles & Amphibiens de la République de Djibouti. BNDB, UICN, PNUD, Djibouti & MNHN, Paris, 60 pp. - get paper here
  • Khayrah, Y. & Fathy, Samah M. 2022. Biodiversity and Distribution of Lizards in Jazan area, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology 14(1): 249-259 - get paper here
  • Lanza, B. 1990. Amphibians and reptiles of the Somali Democratic Republic: check list and biogeography. Biogeographia, 14: 407-465 [1988] - get paper here
  • Largen, M.J.; Spawls, S. 2006. Lizards of Ethiopia (Reptilia Sauria): an annotated checklist, bibliography, gazetteer and identification. Tropical Zoology 19 (1): 21-109 - get paper here
  • Largen, M.J.; Spawls, S. 2010. Amphibians and Reptiles of Ethiopia and Eritrea. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt, 694 pp.
  • Loveridge, A. 1947. Revision of the African lizards of the family Gekkondiae. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 98: 1-469 - get paper here
  • Marx,Hymen 1968. Checklist of the reptiles and amphibians of Egypt. Spec. Publ. U.S. Nav. Med. Res. Unit 3: 1-91
  • Mazuch, Tomáš 2013. Amphibians and Reptiles of Somaliland and Eastern Ethiopia. Tomáš Mazuch Publishing, 80 pp. ISBN: 978-80-905439-0-4 - get paper here
  • Milto, Konstantin D. 2017. New Records of Reptiles on the Red Sea Coast, Egypt, with Notes on Zoogeography. Russ. J. Herpetol. 24 (1): 11-21 - get paper here
  • Milto, Konstantin D.; Samy A. Saber, Abdullah M. Nagy, Roman A. Nazarov, Daniel A. Melnikov, Natalia B. Ananjeva 2019. First Report on the Reptile Diversity of Wadi El Gemal National Park, Eastern Desert, Egypt. Russ. J. Herpetol. 26 (3): 175-184 - get paper here
  • Parker, H. W. 1942. The lizards of British Somaliland. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 91: 1—101 - get paper here
  • Parker,H.W. 1932. Two collections af amphibians and reptiles from British Somaliland. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1932: 335-367
  • Rösler, H. 2000. Kommentierte Liste der rezent, subrezent und fossil bekannten Geckotaxa (Reptilia: Gekkonomorpha). Gekkota 2: 28-153
  • Rösler, H. 2018. Haftbar -- Die einzigartige Welt der Geckos. Begleitheft zur Ausstellung im Naturkundemuseum Erfurt Mai-Aug 2018, 96 pp.
  • Rösler, H.; Köhler, J. & Böhme, W. 2008. A new species of the diurnal gekkonid genus Pristurus Rüppell, 1835 from the Red Sea island Hanish al-Kabir, Yemen. Amphibia-Reptilia 29: 217-227 - get paper here
  • Rösler, Herbert; Wolfgang Wranik, Hinrich Kaiser 2017. Sperm retention in Pristurus flavipunctatus Rüppell, 1835 (Squamata: Sphaerodactylidae), with a brief review of sperm storage in geckos. Herpetology Notes 10: 537-545 - get paper here
  • Rösler, Herbert; Wolfgang Wranik, Hinrich Kaiser 2018. The third-longest sperm storage period in geckos: an observation in a species of Pristurus Rüppell, 1835 from southern Yemen (Squamata: Sphaerodactylidae). Herpetology Notes 11: 301-302 - get paper here
  • Rüppell, E. 1835. Neue Wirbelthiere zu der Fauna von Abyssinien gehörig, entdeckt und beschrieben. Amphibien. S. Schmerber, Frankfurt a. M. - get paper here
  • Schätti, B. & Gasperetti, J. 1994. A contribution to the herpetofauna of Southwest Arabia. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 14: 348-423
  • Scortecci, G. 1929. Rettili dell'Eritrea esistenti nelle Collezioni del Museo Civico de Milano. Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali, e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Milano 67 (3-4): 290-339 [1928] - get paper here
  • Scortecci, G. 1933. Descrizione preliminare di nuove specie e sottospecie de genere Pristurus della Somalia Italiana. Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale in Milano, 72:242-244 - get paper here
  • Sindaco, R. & Jeremcenko, V.K. 2008. The reptiles of the Western Palearctic. Edizioni Belvedere, Latina (Italy), 579 pp. - get paper here
  • Sindaco, Roberto; Riccardo Nincheri, Benedetto Lanza 2014. Catalogue of Arabian reptiles in the collections of the “La Specola” Museum, Florence. Scripta Herpetologica. Studies on Amphibians and Reptiles in honour of Benedetto Lanza: pp. 137-164 - get paper here
  • Spawls, Stephen; Tomáš Mazuch & Abubakr Mohammad 2023. Handbook of Amphibians and Reptiles of North-east Africa. Bloomsbury, 640 pp. - get paper here
  • Tejero-Cicuéndez Héctor, Simó-Riudalbas Marc, Menéndez Iris and Carranza Salvador 2021. Ecological specialization, rather than the island effect, explains morphological diversification in an ancient radiation of geckos. Proc. R. Soc. B.2882021182120211821 - get paper here
  • van der Kooij, Jeroen 2001. The herpetofauna of the Sultanate of Oman: Part 2: the geckoes. Podarcis 1 (4): 105-123 - get paper here
 
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